2024
Adjunctive N-Acetylcysteine and Lung Function in Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Wallis R, Sabi I, Lalashowi J, Bakuli A, Mapamba D, Olomi W, Siyame E, Ngaraguza B, Chimbe O, Charalambous S, Rachow A, Ivanova O, Zurba L, Myombe B, Kunambi R, Hoelscher M, Ntinginya N, Churchyard G. Adjunctive N-Acetylcysteine and Lung Function in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. NEJM Evidence 2024, 3: evidoa2300332. PMID: 39189858, DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2300332.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWhole blood glutathione levelsLung functionN-acetylcysteinePulmonary tuberculosisCulture conversionSecondary outcomesGlutathione levelsEffect of N-acetylcysteineTuberculosis treatment outcomesOutcome of lung functionOral N-acetylcysteineRecovery of lung functionAdjunctive N-acetylcysteineAssociated with improved recoveryN-acetylcysteine treatmentPermanent lung injuryFar-advanced tuberculosisSputum cultureStandard therapyNAC administrationAdverse eventsLung injuryGlobal health concernCohort studyClinical evaluationExploring the syndemic interaction between social, environmental and structural contexts of HIV infection in peri-mining areas in South Africa: a qualitative study
Chimoyi L, Ndini P, Oladimeji M, Seatlholo N, Mawokomatanda K, Charalambous S, Setswe G. Exploring the syndemic interaction between social, environmental and structural contexts of HIV infection in peri-mining areas in South Africa: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2024, 14: e076198. PMID: 38521520, PMCID: PMC10961556, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076198.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFemale sex workersFocus group discussionsIn-depth interviewsInjection drug usersUptake of HIV prevention servicesHealthcare workersHIV prevention servicesHIV infectionHIV prevention programmesPre-exposure prophylaxisAssociated with HIV acquisitionAccessibility to alcoholSocio-behavioral factorsCommunity-based organisationsPreventive servicesHIV prevalencePrevention programmesAreas of South AfricaSyndemic factorsQualitative studyHIV transmissionHIV acquisitionInclusion criteriaFactors affecting peopleSex workers
2023
“It’s about time they taught us”: a qualitative study evaluating the barriers to finding and screening child contacts under five at risk for TB in Gauteng Province, South Africa from the provider and caregiver perspectives
Munedzimwe F, Chetty-Makkan C, Mukora R, Charalambous S, Turner K, Chihota V. “It’s about time they taught us”: a qualitative study evaluating the barriers to finding and screening child contacts under five at risk for TB in Gauteng Province, South Africa from the provider and caregiver perspectives. BMC Health Services Research 2023, 23: 1415. PMID: 38102646, PMCID: PMC10722712, DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10359-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTB preventive treatmentTB prevention strategiesIsoniazid preventive therapyTB staffSemi-structured questionnaireTB transmissionFacility staffPrevention strategiesPrimary health clinicsPrevention of tuberculosisEnd TB goalChild contactsYears of ageFacility observationsSemi-structured interview guidePreventive therapyTB preventionTB screeningTB treatmentPreventive servicesPreventive treatmentEkurhuleni DistrictHealth clinicsHigh riskCaregiver perspectivesImpact of youth lay health workers on HIV service delivery in South Africa: A pragmatic cluster randomized trial of the Youth Health Africa program
Tollefson D, Dasgupta S, Setswe G, Reeves S, Charalambous S, Duerr A. Impact of youth lay health workers on HIV service delivery in South Africa: A pragmatic cluster randomized trial of the Youth Health Africa program. PLOS ONE 2023, 18: e0294719. PMID: 38033029, PMCID: PMC10688901, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294719.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV service deliveryHIV testingTreatment initiationIntervention facilitiesHealth workersYoung adultsAdolescents/young adultsProportion of patientsPragmatic clusterSecondary outcomesHIV positivityPrimary outcomeTreat analysisHIV servicesHIV programsHealth facilitiesHIVBaseline outcomesTrialsService deliveryNull trialsCareImmediate increaseOutcomesGreater improvement