Relationship of nicotine dependence, subsyndromal and pathological gambling, and other psychiatric disorders: data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions.
Grant JE, Desai RA, Potenza MN. Relationship of nicotine dependence, subsyndromal and pathological gambling, and other psychiatric disorders: data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. The Journal Of Clinical Psychiatry 2009, 70: 334-43. PMID: 19254518, PMCID: PMC3691098, DOI: 10.4088/jcp.08m04211.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAlcoholismAnxiety DisordersBipolar DisorderComorbidityCross-Sectional StudiesDepressive Disorder, MajorFemaleGamblingHealth SurveysHumansMaleMental DisordersMiddle AgedPersonality DisordersPhobic DisordersRisk AssessmentSocioeconomic FactorsTobacco Use DisorderUnited StatesYoung AdultConceptsNicotine dependenceNational Epidemiologic SurveyPsychiatric disordersAxis IEpidemiologic SurveyRelated conditionsPathological gamblingPathological levelsCurrent nicotine dependenceMultiple Axis IMain outcome measuresDSM-IV nicotine dependenceNicotine-dependent subjectsMultiple psychiatric disordersProblem/pathological gamblingOutcome measuresElevated riskDependent respondentsDiagnostic criteriaSubsyndromal levelsSpecific preventionSignificant psychopathologySignificant nicotinePathological gambling severityDisorders