2023
Guidelines on the use of sex and gender in cardiovascular research
Usselman C, Lindsey M, Robinson A, Habecker B, Taylor C, Merryman W, Kimmerly D, Bender J, Regensteiner J, Moreau K, Pilote L, Wenner M, O'Brien M, Yarovinsky T, Stachenfeld N, Charkoudian N, Denfeld Q, Moreira-Bouchard J, Pyle W, DeLeon-Pennell K. Guidelines on the use of sex and gender in cardiovascular research. AJP Heart And Circulatory Physiology 2023, 326: h238-h255. PMID: 37999647, PMCID: PMC11219057, DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00535.2023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchThe Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine
HUNTER S, ANGADI S, BHARGAVA A, HARPER J, HIRSCHBERG A, LEVINE B, MOREAU K, NOKOFF N, STACHENFELD N, BERMON S. The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine. Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise 2023, 55: 2328-2360. PMID: 37772882, DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003300.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSex steroid hormonesConsensus statementAthletic performanceEndogenous sex steroid hormonesSex differencesSteroid hormonesOnset of pubertyExercise trainingMuscle strengthAcute boutFundamental sex differencesSex hormonesAmerican CollegeParticular testosteroneAdult menSports medicineTraining statusHigh-impact studiesHormoneSimilar ageNonphysiological factorsPrimary determinantMalesBiological basisWomen
2022
Correlations between salivary- and blood-derived gonadal hormone assessments and implications for inclusion of female participants in research studies
Huang T, Howse F, Stachenfeld N, Usselman C. Correlations between salivary- and blood-derived gonadal hormone assessments and implications for inclusion of female participants in research studies. AJP Heart And Circulatory Physiology 2022, 324: h33-h46. PMID: 36426884, DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00399.2022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMenstrual cycleGonadal hormonesFemale participantsVenous blood samplesGonadal hormone fluctuationsPrimary gonadalVascular functionBlood concentrationsCardiovascular diseaseHormone assessmentSerial measurementsHormone fluctuationsHormone monitoringBlood samplesStudy designGold standard measurementHuman physiology researchHormoneInclusion of femalesSalivaryResearch studiesCardiovascular researchersParticipantsFemalesAre there sex differences in risk for exertional heat stroke? A translational approach
Giersch GEW, Garcia CK, Stachenfeld N, Charkoudian N. Are there sex differences in risk for exertional heat stroke? A translational approach. Quarterly Journal Of Experimental Physiology And Cognate Medical Sciences 2022, 107: 1136-1143. PMID: 35598159, DOI: 10.1113/ep090402.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExertional heat strokeHeat strokeRisk factorsTranslational approachCentral nervous system dysfunctionNervous system dysfunctionFemale sex hormonesSex differencesHuman researchOrgan damageFatal conditionSystem dysfunctionSex hormonesPhysical activityStrokeTranslational modelOccupational workersRiskMilitary personnelAnimalsTreatmentHuman modelReviewFuture investigationsPhysiological differencesPrecision medicine requires understanding how both sex and gender influence health
Stachenfeld NS, Mazure CM. Precision medicine requires understanding how both sex and gender influence health. Cell 2022, 185: 1619-1622. PMID: 35561661, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSubclinical cardiovascular disease and polycystic ovary syndrome
Gomez JMD, VanHise K, Stachenfeld N, Chan JL, Merz NB, Shufelt C. Subclinical cardiovascular disease and polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertility And Sterility 2022, 117: 912-923. PMID: 35512975, PMCID: PMC10322116, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.02.028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeSubclinical cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular diseaseOvary syndromeCoronary artery calcium scoreCarotid intima-media thicknessOvert cardiovascular diseaseArtery calcium scoreFlow-mediated dilationIntima-media thicknessCalcium scoreDiabetes mellitusMetabolic syndromeArterial stiffnessIrregular mensesInsulin resistanceEpicardial fatMetabolic disordersVascular endotheliumSyndromeHallmark featureDiseaseWomenHyperandrogenismDyslipidemiaConsequences of hyperandrogenemia during pregnancy in female offspring: attenuated response to angiotensin II
Shawky NM, Dalmasso C, Ojeda NB, Zuchowski Y, Stachenfeld N, Alexander BT, Reckelhoff JF. Consequences of hyperandrogenemia during pregnancy in female offspring: attenuated response to angiotensin II. Journal Of Hypertension 2022, 40: 712-722. PMID: 34980865, PMCID: PMC8897268, DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003067.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeAttenuated pressor responsesPressor responseBlood pressureAng IIHyperandrogenemic femalesAngiotensin IIFemale offspringModel of PCOSNitrate/nitrite excretionSimilar baseline blood pressureIntrarenal Ang IIBaseline blood pressureElevated blood pressureExaggerated pressor responseHigh-salt dietLow birth weightFemale control offspringDihydrotestosterone pelletsMaternal hyperandrogenemiaMore proteinuriaPCOS womenOvary syndromeRenal injurySalt diet
2020
Pathophysiological effects of androgens on the female vascular system
Stone T, Stachenfeld NS. Pathophysiological effects of androgens on the female vascular system. Biology Of Sex Differences 2020, 11: 45. PMID: 32727622, PMCID: PMC7391603, DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00323-6.ChaptersConceptsFemale cardiovascular systemPolycystic ovary syndromeFemale vasculatureHormone therapyOvary syndromePathophysiological effectsCardiovascular systemTransgender menPrimary medical interventionSignificant medical risksHigh blood pressureCardiovascular disease statesEffects of testosteroneEndogenous androgen concentrationsSex differencesPotential causative linkChronic hyperandrogenismTestosterone dosesEndothelial dysfunctionBlood pressurePatient groupVascular functionCardiovascular regulationSex hormonesAndrogen receptorIntroducing a special series, sex as a variable in human research: A systems approach
Stachenfeld N. Introducing a special series, sex as a variable in human research: A systems approach. The FASEB Journal 2020, 34: 8776-8777. PMID: 32946158, DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001425.Commentaries, Editorials and Letters
2019
Compromised endothelial function in transgender men taking testosterone
Gulanski BI, Flannery CA, Peter PR, Leone CA, Stachenfeld NS. Compromised endothelial function in transgender men taking testosterone. Clinical Endocrinology 2019, 92: 138-144. PMID: 31765022, PMCID: PMC6957681, DOI: 10.1111/cen.14132.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEndothelial functionTransgender menEndothelial dysfunctionCisgender femalesClinical cardiovascular riskCardiovascular risk factorsImpaired endothelial functionEarly follicular phaseAndrogen excessCardiovascular riskVasodilatory responseCoronary arteryHormonal milieuFollicular phaseTestosterone treatmentMenstrual cycleRisk factorsFemale genderAtherosclerotic plaquesEarly signsTestosteroneTotal TSImportant markerDysfunctionMenIndependent Effect of High Aerobic Capacity To Protect Against Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance in Male Rats
Stachenfeld NS. Independent Effect of High Aerobic Capacity To Protect Against Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance in Male Rats. Endocrinology 2019, 160: 1437-1438. PMID: 31046086, DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00292.Commentaries, Editorials and Letters
2017
A translational approach for NMDA receptor profiling as a vulnerability biomarker for depression and schizophrenia
Gunduz‐Bruce H, Kenney J, Changlani S, Peixoto A, Gueorguieva R, Leone C, Stachenfeld N. A translational approach for NMDA receptor profiling as a vulnerability biomarker for depression and schizophrenia. Quarterly Journal Of Experimental Physiology And Cognate Medical Sciences 2017, 102: 587-597. PMID: 28294453, DOI: 10.1113/ep086212.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubgroup of patientsHealthy control subjectsNMDA receptorsControl subjectsDepressed patientsAVP releaseAnimal studiesSchizophrenic subjectsTranslational approachVivo evidenceRecent clinical trialsNMDA receptor functionPlasma arginine vasopressin concentrationNMDA receptor activityHypertonic saline infusionNMDA antagonist ketamineArginine vasopressin concentrationHypertonic salineInverse associationClinical trialsHealthy controlsSaline infusionGlutamate signalingSchizophrenic patientsVasopressin concentration
2014
Effects of Sex and Gender on Adaptation to Space: Cardiovascular Alterations
Platts SH, Merz C, Barr Y, Fu Q, Gulati M, Hughson R, Levine BD, Mehran R, Stachenfeld N, Wenger NK. Effects of Sex and Gender on Adaptation to Space: Cardiovascular Alterations. Journal Of Women's Health 2014, 23: 950-955. PMID: 25401939, PMCID: PMC4236093, DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2014.4912.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntracranial pressure syndromeFemale astronautsSex-specific effectsBasic science researchCardiovascular alterationsOrthostatic intoleranceCardiovascular adaptationVascular agingClinical studiesVascular endotheliumOverall populationEffects of sexCurrent cohortWarrants examinationWomenSexGender differencesPotential benefitsAstronaut ageSyndromeCohortEndotheliumIntoleranceReproductive Hormone Influences on Thermoregulation in Women
Charkoudian N, Stachenfeld NS. Reproductive Hormone Influences on Thermoregulation in Women. 2014, 4: 793-804. PMID: 24715568, DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c130029.ChaptersConceptsReproductive hormonesHormone exposurePeripheral thermal informationReproductive hormone effectsMale reproductive hormonesBody temperatureThermoregulatory responsesProgesterone/progestinsPeripheral mechanismsAnterior hypothalamusPreoptic areaHormone influenceHormone effectsLow body temperatureBody heatingYoung womenThermoregulatory controlEnvironmental exposuresWomenHormoneMajor quantitative differencesProgestinsAndrogensEstrogenPhysiological thermoregulatory responsesChallenges and methodology for testing young healthy women in physiological studies
Stachenfeld NS, Taylor HS. Challenges and methodology for testing young healthy women in physiological studies. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2014, 306: e849-e853. PMID: 24569589, PMCID: PMC3989744, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00038.2014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHormone exposureGonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistFemale gonadal hormonesReproductive hormone exposureHealth careYoung healthy womenWomen's health careNIH Revitalization ActEffects of hormonesHealthy womenHormone agonistFemale reproductive physiologyGonadal hormonesHormone effectsPhysiological studiesHormoneWomenPhysiological responsesStronger research designsEndogenous hormonesRevitalization ActMenReproductive physiologyExposureMethods investigators
2012
Blood pressure and water regulation: understanding sex hormone effects within and between men and women
Wenner MM, Stachenfeld NS. Blood pressure and water regulation: understanding sex hormone effects within and between men and women. The Journal Of Physiology 2012, 590: 5949-5961. PMID: 23027816, PMCID: PMC3530109, DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.236752.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOvarian hormone exposureBlood pressureHormone exposureHormone effectsYoung womenOvarian hormone effectsSuppress reproductive functionBlood pressure controlFirst-line treatmentSex differencesEffects of estrogenPlasma volume expansionCause of deathSex hormone effectsBody fluid regulationGreater morbidityHealthy womenLine treatmentOvarian hormonesMenopausal womenBody water balanceOrthostatic toleranceProgesterone exposureMenstrual cycleHormone administrationThe Effects of Undergarment Composition Worn Beneath Hockey Protective Equipment on High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise
Noonan B, Stachenfeld N. The Effects of Undergarment Composition Worn Beneath Hockey Protective Equipment on High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise. The Journal Of Strength And Conditioning Research 2012, 26: 2309-2316. PMID: 22706578, DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182606e1e.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2010
Tissue Doppler of Early Mitral Filling Correlates With Simulated Volume Loss in Healthy Subjects
Moore CL, Tham ET, Samuels KJ, McNamara RL, Galante NJ, Stachenfeld N, Shelley K, Dziura J, Silverman DG. Tissue Doppler of Early Mitral Filling Correlates With Simulated Volume Loss in Healthy Subjects. Academic Emergency Medicine 2010, 17: 1162-1168. PMID: 21175513, DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2010.00906.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInferior vena cavaLBNP levelsTissue DopplerHealthy subjectsVital signsPulsed-wave tissue DopplerLower body negative pressureLateral mitral annulusEmergency department patientsTissue Doppler assessmentTissue Doppler velocitiesEarly diastolic fillingAccurate noninvasive assessmentPulsed-wave spectral DopplerLate transmitralNegative pressure levelBlood pressureDepartment patientsDoppler assessmentVena cavaDiastolic fillingVolume lossCardiovascular diseaseMitral annulusFilling wave
2008
Sex Hormone Effects on Body Fluid Regulation
Stachenfeld NS. Sex Hormone Effects on Body Fluid Regulation. Exercise And Sport Sciences Reviews 2008, 36: 152-159. PMID: 18580296, PMCID: PMC2849969, DOI: 10.1097/jes.0b013e31817be928.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAn Experimental Model of Heat Storage in Working Firefighters
Van Gelder CM, Pranger LA, Wiesmann WP, Stachenfeld N, Bogucki S. An Experimental Model of Heat Storage in Working Firefighters. Prehospital Emergency Care 2008, 12: 225-235. PMID: 18379922, DOI: 10.1080/10903120801907430.Peer-Reviewed Original Research