A Leishmania Ortholog of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Modulates Host Macrophage Responses
Kamir D, Zierow S, Leng L, Cho Y, Diaz Y, Griffith J, McDonald C, Merk M, Mitchell RA, Trent J, Chen Y, Kwong YK, Xiong H, Vermeire J, Cappello M, McMahon-Pratt D, Walker J, Bernhagen J, Lolis E, Bucala R. A Leishmania Ortholog of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Modulates Host Macrophage Responses. The Journal Of Immunology 2008, 180: 8250-8261. PMID: 18523291, PMCID: PMC2668862, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.12.8250.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntigens, Differentiation, B-LymphocyteApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsCell LineCells, CulturedCrystallography, X-RayHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIHumansIntramolecular OxidoreductasesLeishmania majorMacrophage Migration-Inhibitory FactorsMacrophages, PeritonealMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C3HMice, KnockoutMolecular Sequence DataRecombinant ProteinsStructural Homology, ProteinConceptsMacrophage migration inhibitory factorCD74-dependent mannerMigration inhibitory factorImmune defense mechanismsHuman macrophage migration inhibitory factorSmall molecule antagonistsActivation-induced apoptosisHost macrophage responseMIF receptorMIF proteinImmune destructionObligate intracellular parasitesMAP kinase activationERK1/2 MAP kinase activationInhibitory factorMacrophage responseLeishmania majorIntracellular parasitesHigh-resolution X-ray crystal structuresSpecies-specific inhibitionMacrophagesSignificant structural homologyKinase activationDefense mechanismsMammalian counterparts