2021
Discovery and functional interrogation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-host protein interactions
Flynn RA, Belk JA, Qi Y, Yasumoto Y, Wei J, Alfajaro MM, Shi Q, Mumbach MR, Limaye A, DeWeirdt PC, Schmitz CO, Parker KR, Woo E, Chang HY, Horvath TL, Carette JE, Bertozzi CR, Wilen CB, Satpathy AT. Discovery and functional interrogation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-host protein interactions. Cell 2021, 184: 2394-2411.e16. PMID: 33743211, PMCID: PMC7951565, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 RNASARS-CoV-2Virus-induced cell deathHost protein interactionsRNA-binding proteinActive infectionRNA virusesHost-virus interfaceGlobal mortalityTherapeutic benefitCRISPR screensAntiviral factorsProtein interactionsAntiviral activityViral specificityHost pathwaysFunctional RNA-binding proteinsFunctional connectionsRNA-centric approachesCell deathHost proteinsVirusFunctional interrogationRNAComprehensive catalogCD300lf Conditional Knockout Mouse Reveals Strain-Specific Cellular Tropism of Murine Norovirus
Graziano VR, Alfajaro MM, Schmitz CO, Filler RB, Strine MS, Wei J, Hsieh LL, Baldridge MT, Nice TJ, Lee S, Orchard RC, Wilen CB. CD300lf Conditional Knockout Mouse Reveals Strain-Specific Cellular Tropism of Murine Norovirus. Journal Of Virology 2021, 95: 10.1128/jvi.01652-20. PMID: 33177207, PMCID: PMC7925115, DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01652-20.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsConditional knockout miceIntestinal epithelial cellsCell tropismKnockout miceTuft cellsDendritic cellsMyelomonocytic cellsB cellsCellular tropismMurine norovirusEpithelial cellsViral RNA levelsInnate immune responseCause of gastroenteritisMNoV infectionCell typesViral loadGastrointestinal infectionsReceptor expressionImmunocompetent humansImmune responseCell type-specific rolesMouse modelIntestinal tissueMNoVNeuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2 in human and mouse brain
Song E, Zhang C, Israelow B, Lu-Culligan A, Prado AV, Skriabine S, Lu P, Weizman OE, Liu F, Dai Y, Szigeti-Buck K, Yasumoto Y, Wang G, Castaldi C, Heltke J, Ng E, Wheeler J, Alfajaro MM, Levavasseur E, Fontes B, Ravindra NG, Van Dijk D, Mane S, Gunel M, Ring A, Kazmi SAJ, Zhang K, Wilen CB, Horvath TL, Plu I, Haik S, Thomas JL, Louvi A, Farhadian SF, Huttner A, Seilhean D, Renier N, Bilguvar K, Iwasaki A. Neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2 in human and mouse brain. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2021, 218: e20202135. PMID: 33433624, PMCID: PMC7808299, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202135.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2Central nervous systemSARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasionImmune cell infiltratesCOVID-19 patientsType I interferon responseMultiple organ systemsCOVID-19I interferon responseHuman brain organoidsNeuroinvasive capacityCNS infectionsCell infiltrateNeuronal infectionPathological featuresCortical neuronsRespiratory diseaseDirect infectionCerebrospinal fluidNervous systemMouse brainInterferon responseOrgan systemsHuman ACE2Infection
2020
Mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 reveals inflammatory role of type I interferon signaling
Israelow B, Song E, Mao T, Lu P, Meir A, Liu F, Alfajaro MM, Wei J, Dong H, Homer RJ, Ring A, Wilen CB, Iwasaki A. Mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 reveals inflammatory role of type I interferon signaling. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2020, 217: e20201241. PMID: 32750141, PMCID: PMC7401025, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201241.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2AnimalsBetacoronavirusCell Line, TumorCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19DependovirusDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansInflammationInterferon Type ILungMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicPandemicsParvoviridae InfectionsPeptidyl-Dipeptidase APneumonia, ViralSARS-CoV-2Signal TransductionVirus ReplicationConceptsSARS-CoV-2Type I interferonMouse modelI interferonRobust SARS-CoV-2 infectionSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2SARS-CoV-2 infectionRespiratory syndrome coronavirus 2SARS-CoV-2 replicationCOVID-19 patientsSyndrome coronavirus 2Patient-derived virusesSignificant fatality ratePathological findingsInflammatory rolePathological responseEnzyme 2Receptor angiotensinFatality rateVaccine developmentGenetic backgroundViral replicationCoronavirus diseaseMicePerfusion change in benign prostatic hyperplasia before and after castration in a canine model: Contrast enhanced ultrasonography and CT perfusion study
Yoon S, Alfajaro M, Cho K, Choi U, Je H, Jung J, Jang Y, Choi J. Perfusion change in benign prostatic hyperplasia before and after castration in a canine model: Contrast enhanced ultrasonography and CT perfusion study. Theriogenology 2020, 156: 97-106. PMID: 32682181, DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBenign prostatic hyperplasiaContrast-enhanced ultrasonographyCT perfusionVascular changesArterial inflowProstatic hyperplasiaPerfusion changesBlood volumeNormal prostateDevelopment of BPHMild benign prostatic hyperplasiaDay 60Intraprostatic DHT levelsLevels of dihydrotestosteroneCT perfusion studyIntraprostatic dihydrotestosteroneBlood volume changesEffects of hormonesMajor etiologyProstatic volumeSerum testosteroneVenous outflowDHT levelsNormal dogsVenous parameters
2017
Comparison of elastography, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, and computed tomography for assessment of lesion margin after radiofrequency ablation in livers of healthy dogs.
Moon S, Park S, Lee S, Cheon B, Hong S, Cho H, Park J, Alfajaro M, Cho K, Woo D, Choi J. Comparison of elastography, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, and computed tomography for assessment of lesion margin after radiofrequency ablation in livers of healthy dogs. American Journal Of Veterinary Research 2017, 78: 295-304. PMID: 28240959, DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.78.3.295.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRadiofrequency ablationContrast-enhanced ultrasonographyLesion sizeHealthy dogsAblation lesionsRFA procedureConventional ultrasonographyComparisons of elastographyLesion size determinationAcute changesContrast CTVenous phaseClear marginsNecropsy findingsLesion changesClinical relevanceDay 3Granulation tissueUltrasonographyAcoustic shadowingLiverDogsEnhanced CT imagesImaging modalitiesActual lesion size
2016
Occurrence and molecular characterization of Sapelovirus A in diarrhea and non-diarrhea feces of different age group pigs in one Korean pig farm
BAK G, KANG M, SON K, PARK J, KIM D, SEO J, KIM J, ALFAJARO M, SOLIMAN M, BAEK Y, CHO E, Joseph K, CHOI J, PARK S, CHO K. Occurrence and molecular characterization of Sapelovirus A in diarrhea and non-diarrhea feces of different age group pigs in one Korean pig farm. Journal Of Veterinary Medical Science 2016, 78: 16-0237. PMID: 27616554, PMCID: PMC5240775, DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0237.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2014
Anti-rotavirus effects by combination therapy of stevioside and Sophora flavescens extract
Alfajaro M, Rho M, Kim H, Park J, Kim D, Hosmillo M, Son K, Lee J, Park S, Kang M, Ryu Y, Park K, Oh H, Lee S, Park S, Lee W, Cho K. Anti-rotavirus effects by combination therapy of stevioside and Sophora flavescens extract. Research In Veterinary Science 2014, 96: 567-575. PMID: 24704033, DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.03.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCombination therapyAnti-rotaviral activityAnti-rotavirus effectIntestinal lesion scoresLethal dose 50Rotavirus enteritisCurative medicationsRotaviral enteritisSophora flavescensRotaviral diarrheaOrgan weightsPiglet modelPathological changesFecal virusBody weightTherapyVirus replicationLesion scoresSingle treatmentDose 50Porcine rotavirusAdverse effectsPreliminary dataDiarrheaEnteritis