2007
Sleep apnea: Clinical investigations in humans
Banno K, Kryger MH. Sleep apnea: Clinical investigations in humans. Sleep Medicine 2007, 8: 400-426. PMID: 17478121, DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2007.03.003.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsObstructive sleep apnea syndromeCentral sleep apnea syndromeContinuous positive airway pressureSleep apnea syndromeApnea syndromeApneic episodesTreatment of OSASDiagnosis of SASUpper airway obstructionPositive airway pressureMuscles of respirationCessation of breathingCentral nervous systemAirway obstructionAirway pressureHeart failureOral appliancesRespiratory driveImpaired qualityAbnormal breathingSubjective symptomsDaytime sleepinessCommon disorderMetabolic dysfunctionSleep disruption
1991
Effect of Theophylline on Lung Function Tests, Sleep Quality, and Nighttime SaO2 in Children with Cystic Fibrosis
Avital A, Sanchez I, Holbrow J, Kryger M, Chernick V. Effect of Theophylline on Lung Function Tests, Sleep Quality, and Nighttime SaO2 in Children with Cystic Fibrosis. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 1991, 144: 1245-1249. PMID: 1741534, DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm/144.6.1245.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEffect of theophyllineCystic fibrosisMicrograms/Heart rateGroup 2Better baseline lung functionT blood levelsBaseline lung functionIncidence of apneaLung function testsSerum T levelsLower heart rateTotal wake timePulmonary functionLung functionSerum levelsFunction testsMean SaO2Blood levelsSleep qualitySleep efficiencyGroup 1Sleep laboratoryT levelsWake time
1989
Heart Rate Response to Breath-Hold, Valsalva and Mueller Maneuvers in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Hanly P, George C, Millar T, Kryger M. Heart Rate Response to Breath-Hold, Valsalva and Mueller Maneuvers in Obstructive Sleep Apnea. CHEST Journal 1989, 95: 735-739. PMID: 2924602, DOI: 10.1378/chest.95.4.735.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVoluntary respiratory maneuversObstructive sleep apneaHR responseSleep apneaRespiratory maneuversMueller maneuverOxygen saturationVagal toneAbsence of hypoxemiaArterial oxygen saturationHeart rate responseObstructive apneaMouth pressureApneaHR changesMale subjectsRate responseBreath holdSimilar durationValsalvaSignificant differencesSignificant correlationOSASMajor determinantWakefulness
1987
The Effect of Excessive Ethanol Ingestion on Sleep in Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Easton P, West P, Meatherall R, Brewster J, Lertzman M, Kryger M. The Effect of Excessive Ethanol Ingestion on Sleep in Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Sleep 1987, 10: 224-233. PMID: 3629084, DOI: 10.1093/sleep/10.3.224.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseSevere chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseObstructive pulmonary diseaseSleep timePulmonary diseaseHeart rateEmphysematous chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseExcessive ethanol ingestionSignificant O2 desaturationArterial oxygen saturationIngestion of alcoholDose of ethanolSleep stagesExcessive alcohol ingestionTotal sleep timeMean heart ratePremature ventricular contractionsCOPD altersAlcohol ingestionO2 desaturationEthanol ingestionOxygen saturationVentricular contractionsREM timeSerum ethanolSnoring in Normal Young Adults: Prevalence in Sleep Stages and Associated Changes in Oxygen Saturation, Heart Rate, and Breathing Pattern
Perez-Padilla J, West P, Kryger M. Snoring in Normal Young Adults: Prevalence in Sleep Stages and Associated Changes in Oxygen Saturation, Heart Rate, and Breathing Pattern. Sleep 1987, 10: 249-253. PMID: 3629087, DOI: 10.1093/sleep/10.3.249.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHeart rateContinuous snoringSleep stagesOxygen saturationPrevalence of snoringSignificant O2 desaturationMean heart rateNormal young adultsMean SaO2O2 desaturationDifferent pathogenesisDifferent sleep stagesNormal subjectsBreathing patternLight snorersBreathing frequencySnoringArrhythmiasYoung adultsPrevalenceStage 3Same sleep stageStage 2Associated ChangesSubjectsDynamic in Vivo Response Characteristics of Three Oximeters: Hewlett-Packard 47201A, Biox III, and Nellcor N-100
West P, George C, Kryger M. Dynamic in Vivo Response Characteristics of Three Oximeters: Hewlett-Packard 47201A, Biox III, and Nellcor N-100. Sleep 1987, 10: 263-271. PMID: 3629089, DOI: 10.1093/sleep/10.3.263.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOxygen saturation measurementsHeart rateSaO2 measurementsOxygen saturationSleep apnea syndrome patientsArterial oxygen saturationPulse oximeterHewlett-Packard 47201ASyndrome patientsLinear regression analysisSaturation measurementsNellcor NOximeter sensorBiox IIIOximeterPatientsRegression analysisResponse relationshipSleepPulse oximeter sensorSaO2
1986
Breathing during Sleep in Normal Pregnant Women1–3
Brownell L, West P, Kryger M. Breathing during Sleep in Normal Pregnant Women1–3. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 1986, 133: 38-41. PMID: 3942378, DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1986.133.1.38.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLate pregnancyMinimal arterial oxygen saturationMaternal oxygen desaturationFrequency of apneaRespiratory sleep studiesAlveolar-arterial differenceArterial oxygen saturationFunctional residual capacityLevels of progesteroneSleep-related apneaTotal apneaOxygen desaturationMaternal oxygenationComplete polysomnographyWk gestationPregnant womenCardiac outputLast trimesterPhysiologic changesResidual volumeSupine positionSleep studiesOxygen saturationPregnancyApnea
1985
Sleep and Control of Heart Rate
George C, Kryger M. Sleep and Control of Heart Rate. Clinics In Chest Medicine 1985, 6: 595-601. PMID: 3853478, DOI: 10.1016/s0272-5231(21)00397-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHeart rateTotal peripheral vascular resistanceSinus arrhythmiaExaggerated sinus arrhythmiaAutonomic nervous system activityPeripheral vascular resistanceTransient AV blockNormal hemoglobin concentrationAutonomic nervous activityNervous system activityHeart rate responseStages of sleepVascular resistanceBlood pressureVentricular functionCardiac outputAV blockRhythm disturbancesCarotid bodyLung inflationNervous activityREM sleepRespiratory arrhythmiaHemoglobin concentrationRespiratory rateBreathing during Sleep in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease1–3
Perez-Padilla R, West P, Lertzman M, Kryger M. Breathing during Sleep in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease1–3. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 1985, 132: 224-9. PMID: 2411177, DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1985.132.2.224.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInterstitial lung diseaseTi/TtotControl subjectsSleep qualityREM sleepRapid shallow breathing patternSex-matched control subjectsIncidence of snoringShallow breathing patternIncidence of apneaPoor sleep qualityAwake SaO2Lung diseaseExpiratory timeInspiratory timeLung reflexesOxygen saturationGreater abnormalitiesNREM sleepSleep structureHypopnea periodsBreathing patternPatientsVolume indexSleep
1983
Sighs During Sleep in Adult Humans
Perez-Padilla R, West P, Kryger M. Sighs During Sleep in Adult Humans. Sleep 1983, 6: 234-243. PMID: 6622880, DOI: 10.1093/sleep/6.3.234.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSleep stage changesCentral apneaGreat intersubject variationExpiratory flowRespiratory centerInspiratory flowEMG activityHeart rateRespiratory rateNormal adultsRespiratory cycleSleepIntersubject variationAdult humansRespiratory controlSleep stagesEEG frequenciesStage 1Normal variabilityPrevious breathStage changesSighsArousalHypoventilationApneaThe role of protriptyline in obstructive sleep apnea.
Brownell L, Perez-Padilla R, West P, Kryger M. The role of protriptyline in obstructive sleep apnea. European Respiratory Journal 1983, 19: 621-4. PMID: 6360257.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObstructive sleep apneaSleep apneaTreatment of mildLong-term treatmentTricyclic agentsObese patientsObstructive apneaClinical statusCrossover trialImproved oxygenationInvasive treatmentTerm treatmentPatientsApneaArousal frequencySomnolenceProtriptylineTreatmentTrialsOxygenationREMTherapyMildMonths
1982
Protriptyline in Obstructive Sleep Apnea — A Double-Blind Trial
Brownell L, West P, Sweatman P, Acres J, Kryger M. Protriptyline in Obstructive Sleep Apnea — A Double-Blind Trial. New England Journal Of Medicine 1982, 307: 1037-1042. PMID: 6750396, DOI: 10.1056/nejm198210213071701.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObstructive sleep apneaSleep apneaTotal sleep timeApnea timeApnea durationBody weightSleep timeDouble-blind crossover studyDouble-blind trialMonths of treatmentWeeks of treatmentNocturnal oxygenationREM reductionDaytime somnolenceCrossover studyTricyclic antidepressantsApneaArousal frequencySimilar decreaseProtriptylineSimilar improvementsTreatmentOxygenationDurationSomnolence
1976
Exercise tolerance at 4 and 6 ATA.
Anthonisen N, Utz G, Kryger M, Urbanetti J. Exercise tolerance at 4 and 6 ATA. Undersea And Hyperbaric Medicine 1976, 3: 95-112. PMID: 951829.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDisturbance of consciousnessNormal male subjectsMaximum breathing capacityMaximum oxygen uptakeMaximum O2 uptakeO2 uptakeSevere dyspneaATA O2Bicycle exerciseLarge airwaysMinute ventilationHeavy exerciseHeart rateExercise levelsMale subjectsN2 narcosisRespiratory frequencyBreathing capacityCO2 retentionOxygen uptakeVentilationSubjectsATAExerciseCO2 output