2020
Histologic grading of breast carcinoma: a multi-institution study of interobserver variation using virtual microscopy
Ginter PS, Idress R, D’Alfonso T, Fineberg S, Jaffer S, Sattar AK, Chagpar A, Wilson P, Harigopal M. Histologic grading of breast carcinoma: a multi-institution study of interobserver variation using virtual microscopy. Modern Pathology 2020, 34: 701-709. PMID: 33077923, PMCID: PMC7987728, DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-00698-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDiscordant anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein and RNA staining in cutaneous perniotic lesions suggests endothelial deposition of cleaved spike protein
Ko CJ, Harigopal M, Gehlhausen JR, Bosenberg M, McNiff JM, Damsky W. Discordant anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein and RNA staining in cutaneous perniotic lesions suggests endothelial deposition of cleaved spike protein. Journal Of Cutaneous Pathology 2020, 48: 47-52. PMID: 32895985, DOI: 10.1111/cup.13866.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 spike proteinCOVID toesEccrine epitheliumEndothelial cellsSkin biopsiesSpike proteinReverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testingSARS-CoV-2 antibodiesPolymerase chain reaction testingSARS-CoV-2 RNAPotential pathogenetic mechanismsPositive immunohistochemical labelingSARS-CoV-2Endothelial depositionPathogenetic mechanismsImmunohistochemical stainingReaction testingImmunohistochemical labelingEccrine glandsRNA ISHImmunohistochemistrySpike RNAGold standardTissue sectionsBiopsyPerniosis during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Negative anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 immunohistochemistry in six patients and comparison to perniosis before the emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2
Ko CJ, Harigopal M, Damsky W, Gehlhausen JR, Bosenberg M, Patrignelli R, McNiff JM. Perniosis during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Negative anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 immunohistochemistry in six patients and comparison to perniosis before the emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2. Journal Of Cutaneous Pathology 2020, 47: 997-1002. PMID: 32745281, PMCID: PMC7436569, DOI: 10.1111/cup.13830.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChilblainsCOVID-19FemaleHumansImmunohistochemistryMaleMiddle AgedSARS-CoV-2ConceptsSARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteinPerivascular lymphocytesImmunohistochemical stainingCOVID-19 pandemicSARS-CoV-2 immunohistochemistryNucleocapsid proteinSARS-CoV-2Inflammatory lesionsHistopathologic findingsIntravascular occlusionMicroscopic findingsPerniosisIntravascular materialLymphocytesLesionsPatientsStainingPandemicSuch casesCuffingHistopathologyCasesImmunohistochemistryFindingsProteinHigh frequency of p16 and SOX10 coexpression but not androgen receptor expression in triple-negative breast cancers
Yoon EC, Wilson P, Zuo T, Pinto M, Cole K, Harigopal M. High frequency of p16 and SOX10 coexpression but not androgen receptor expression in triple-negative breast cancers. Human Pathology 2020, 102: 13-22. PMID: 32565323, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.06.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTriple-negative breast cancerNon-TNBC casesFrequency of p16TNBC casesAndrogen receptorBreast cancerTissue microarrayAggressive clinical courseAndrogen receptor expressionInvasive ductal carcinomaHistologic grade 3Basal-like breast cancer subtypeNovel prognostic markerBreast cancer subtypesExpression of p16Clinical courseCytokeratin 5/6Ductal carcinomaPrognostic markerReceptor expressionRoutine biomarkersSignificant statistical differenceClinical dataGrade 3Cancer subtypes
2018
Immunological differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer
Szekely B, Bossuyt V, Li X, Wali VB, Patwardhan GA, Frederick C, Silber A, Park T, Harigopal M, Pelekanou V, Zhang M, Yan Q, Rimm DL, Bianchini G, Hatzis C, Pusztai L. Immunological differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer. Annals Of Oncology 2018, 29: 2232-2239. PMID: 30203045, DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy399.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorBiopsyBreast NeoplasmsDisease ProgressionDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleGene Expression RegulationHumansImmunologic SurveillanceLymphocyte CountLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMiddle AgedMutation RateTumor EscapeTumor MicroenvironmentYoung AdultConceptsMetastatic breast cancerBreast cancerTherapeutic targetToll-like receptor pathway genesImmuno-oncology therapeutic targetsBreast cancer evolvesImmune proteasome expressionPD-L1 positivityCorresponding primary tumorsPotential therapeutic targetMHC class IImmune-related genesMetastatic cancer samplesLigand/receptor pairLymphocyte countT helperT-regsPD-L1Immune microenvironmentCytotoxic TPrimary tumorMastoid cellsDisease progressionTherapeutic combinationsMacrophage markersBreast cancer histopathology is predictive of low‐risk Oncotype Dx recurrence score
Wilson PC, Chagpar AB, Cicek AF, Bossuyt V, Buza N, Mougalian S, Killelea BK, Patel N, Harigopal M. Breast cancer histopathology is predictive of low‐risk Oncotype Dx recurrence score. The Breast Journal 2018, 24: 976-980. PMID: 30230117, DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13117.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLymph node-negative patientsNode-negative patientsOncotype DX testingInvasive carcinomaLow-grade invasive carcinomasHistologic subtypeOncotype DXRecurrence scoreEstrogen receptorHigh riskAJCC Breast Cancer Staging SystemBreast cancer staging systemOncotype DX recurrence scoreFavorable histologic subtypeOncotype recurrence scoreSimple multivariable modelsCancer (AJCC) staging systemRisk of recurrenceDX recurrence scoreOnly significant predictorExcellent prognosisIntermediate riskDuctal carcinomaHistologic gradeHistologic predictorsAndrogen receptor expression is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancers
Zuo T, Wilson P, Cicek AF, Harigopal M. Androgen receptor expression is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancers. Human Pathology 2018, 80: 239-245. PMID: 29902579, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.06.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTriple-negative breast cancerDisease-free survivalBasal-like triple-negative breast cancerFavorable prognostic factorAndrogen receptor expressionAR expressionOverall survivalBreast cancerAR positivityPrognostic factorsTumor sizeHistologic gradeReceptor expressionTissue microarrayAR-positive triple-negative breast cancerSubgroups of TNBCAR-negative TNBCLack estrogen receptorBetter overall survivalDose-dependent effectNodal statusWorse prognosisPathologic stagePatient groupProgesterone receptorStrong androgen receptor expression can aid in distinguishing GATA3+ metastases
Boto A, Harigopal M. Strong androgen receptor expression can aid in distinguishing GATA3+ metastases. Human Pathology 2018, 75: 63-70. PMID: 29408697, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.01.024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGATA3-positive tumorsAndrogen receptor expressionBreast originMetastatic settingUrothelial originAR expressionAR stainingAndrogen receptorReceptor expressionBreast cancerUnknown originBreast cancer tissue microarrayMarker of breastStrong AR expressionCancer tissue microarrayMammaglobin expressionUrothelial carcinomaLobular carcinomaProgesterone receptorEstrogen receptorTissue microarrayMammary originCarcinomaGATA3 expressionGATA3
2017
Impacts of Early Guideline-Directed 21-Gene Recurrence Score Testing on Adjuvant Therapy Decision Making
Dzimitrowicz H, Mougalian S, Storms S, Hurd S, Chagpar AB, Killelea BK, Horowitz NR, Lannin DR, Harigopal M, Hofstatter E, DiGiovanna MP, Adelson KB, Silber A, Abu-Khalaf M, Chung G, Zaheer W, Abdelghany O, Hatzis C, Pusztai L, Sanft TB. Impacts of Early Guideline-Directed 21-Gene Recurrence Score Testing on Adjuvant Therapy Decision Making. JCO Oncology Practice 2017, 13: jop.2017.022731. PMID: 29048991, DOI: 10.1200/jop.2017.022731.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdjuvant therapy decisionsRecurrence scoreChemotherapy useRS testingMedical oncologistsHistorical controlsChemotherapy decisionsTherapy decisionsEligibility criteriaNational Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelinesProspective quality improvement projectEarly-stage breast cancerAdjuvant chemotherapy recommendationsTime of diagnosisTime of surgeryQuality improvement projectTesting groupChemotherapy initiationChemotherapy recommendationsMedian timeTrial enrollmentNetwork guidelinesSurgical oncologistsClinical trialsBreast cancerCan Tumor Biology Predict Occult Multifocal Disease in Breast Cancer Patients?
Chagpar AB, Cicek AF, Harigopal M. Can Tumor Biology Predict Occult Multifocal Disease in Breast Cancer Patients? The American Surgeon 2017, 83: 704-708. PMID: 28738939, DOI: 10.1177/000313481708300725.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancer patientsNegative marginsCancer patientsPrimary tumor markersInvasive tumor sizePrimary tumor tissuesMedian invasive tumor sizeInitial surgeryOccult cancerOccult diseaseProspective trialInitial resectionMultifocal diseasePartial mastectomyDuctal carcinomaTumor sizeCavity shavesStage 0Independent pathologistsTumor markersTissue microarrayFurther diseasePatientsTumor tissueDiseaseEconomic Impact of Routine Cavity Margins Versus Standard Partial Mastectomy in Breast Cancer Patients
Chagpar AB, Horowitz NR, Killelea BK, Tsangaris T, Longley P, Grizzle S, Loftus M, Li F, Butler M, Stavris K, Yao X, Harigopal M, Bossuyt V, Lannin DR, Pusztai L, Davidoff AJ, Gross CP. Economic Impact of Routine Cavity Margins Versus Standard Partial Mastectomy in Breast Cancer Patients. Annals Of Surgery 2017, 265: 39-44. PMID: 27192352, PMCID: PMC5605915, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000001799.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBreast NeoplasmsCarcinoma, Ductal, BreastCarcinoma, Intraductal, NoninfiltratingCarcinoma, LobularConnecticutFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHealth ExpendituresHospital CostsHumansMargins of ExcisionMastectomy, SegmentalMiddle AgedProspective StudiesReoperationSingle-Blind MethodTreatment OutcomeConceptsCavity shave marginsStandard partial mastectomyPartial mastectomyRe-excision ratesIndex surgeryInitial surgeryBreast cancerHospital perspectiveLower re-excision ratesDirect hospital costsBreast cancer patientsOperating room timeReoperative surgeryBaseline characteristicsOperative timePositive marginsShave marginsCancer patientsHospital costsStage 0Room timeSurgeryPathology costsPatientsMastectomy
2016
Metastatic thyroid carcinoma presenting as malignant pleural effusion: A cytologic review of 5 cases
Vyas M, Harigopal M. Metastatic thyroid carcinoma presenting as malignant pleural effusion: A cytologic review of 5 cases. Diagnostic Cytopathology 2016, 44: 1085-1089. PMID: 27456348, DOI: 10.1002/dc.23547.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMetastatic thyroid carcinomaThyroid transcription factor-1Pleural fluidThyroid carcinomaMalignant pleural effusionPleural effusionTranscription factor 1Thyroid originImmunohistochemical stainsLung adenocarcinomaCarcinomaRight diagnosisUseful markerClinical contextDiagnosisFactor 1ThyroglobulinMarkersAdenocarcinomaEffusionMalignancy
2015
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Cavity Shave Margins in Breast Cancer
Chagpar AB, Killelea BK, Tsangaris TN, Butler M, Stavris K, Li F, Yao X, Bossuyt V, Harigopal M, Lannin DR, Pusztai L, Horowitz NR. A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Cavity Shave Margins in Breast Cancer. New England Journal Of Medicine 2015, 373: 503-510. PMID: 26028131, PMCID: PMC5584380, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1504473.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCavity shave marginsPositive marginsPartial mastectomyShave marginsDuctal carcinomaBreast cancerInvasive cancerOutcome measuresStandard partial mastectomySecondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measureLower ratesRoutine resectionMedian ageClinicopathological characteristicsCavity shavingMargin clearanceSecond surgeryInvasive carcinomaStage 0MastectomyPathological testingPatientsFurther diseaseVolume of tissue
2014
Methylation of Twelve CpGs in Human Papillomavirus Type 16 (HPV16) as an Informative Biomarker for the Triage of Women Positive for HPV16 Infection
Brandsma JL, Harigopal M, Kiviat NB, Sun Y, Deng Y, Zelterman D, Lizardi PM, Shabanova VS, Levi A, Yaping T, Hu X, Feng Q. Methylation of Twelve CpGs in Human Papillomavirus Type 16 (HPV16) as an Informative Biomarker for the Triage of Women Positive for HPV16 Infection. Cancer Prevention Research 2014, 7: 526-533. PMID: 24556390, DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0354.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCervical intraepithelial neoplasiaCytology samplesCutoff scoreColposcopy of womenCervical cancer preventionManagement of womenDetection of CIN3Cervical cytology samplesHuman papillomavirus type 16Human papillomavirus type 16 DNAMethylation biomarkersPapillomavirus type 16Histologic severityIntraepithelial neoplasiaCervical cancerHPV16 infectionCancer preventionDNA bisulfite sequencingType 16Prognostic potentialAccurate biomarkersProspective biomarkersScreening testInformative biomarkersBiomarkers
2013
Is Ki-67 Expression Prognostic for Local Relapse in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Breast Conservation Therapy (BCT)?
Hafeez F, Neboori HJ, Harigopal M, Wu H, Haffty BG, Yang Q, Schiff D, Moran MS. Is Ki-67 Expression Prognostic for Local Relapse in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Breast Conservation Therapy (BCT)? International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2013, 87: 344-348. PMID: 23910708, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.05.052.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast conservation therapyEarly-stage breast cancer patientsHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2Recurrence-free survivalBreast cancer patientsKi-67 expressionKi-67Clinicopathologic featuresConservation therapyCancer patientsIndependent associationLocoregional recurrence-free survivalDistant metastasis-free survivalLocal relapse-free survivalEpidermal growth factor receptor 2Univariate/multivariate analysisPrognostic clinicopathologic featuresCause-specific survivalHormone receptor statusGrowth factor receptor 2Metastasis-free survivalRelapse-free survivalKi-67 overexpressionSignificant independent associationKi-67 stainingQuantitative Analysis of Estrogen Receptor Expression Shows SP1 Antibody Is More Sensitive Than 1D5
Welsh AW, Harigopal M, Wimberly H, Prasad M, Rimm DL. Quantitative Analysis of Estrogen Receptor Expression Shows SP1 Antibody Is More Sensitive Than 1D5. Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology 2013, 21: 139-147. PMID: 22820659, PMCID: PMC3482297, DOI: 10.1097/pai.0b013e31825d73b2.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2012
Cytoplasmic vacuolization: An under‐recognized cytomorphologic feature in endocrine tumors of the pancreas
Levy GH, Finkelstein A, Harigopal M, Chhieng D, Cai G. Cytoplasmic vacuolization: An under‐recognized cytomorphologic feature in endocrine tumors of the pancreas. Diagnostic Cytopathology 2012, 41: 623-628. PMID: 22807461, DOI: 10.1002/dc.22893.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFine-needle aspirationPancreatic endocrine neoplasmsCytomorphologic featuresDiagnostic pitfallsEndoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirationUltrasound-guided fine-needle aspirationFine cytoplasmic vacuolesClinicopathologic featuresDiagnostic challengeEndocrine tumorsEndocrine neoplasmsSmall biopsiesAccurate diagnosisImmunocytochemical studyCytoplasmic vacuolesEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of merkel cell carcinoma metastatic to the pancreas
Bernstein J, Adeniran AJ, Cai G, Theoharis CG, Ustun B, Beckman D, Aslanian HR, Harigopal M. Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of merkel cell carcinoma metastatic to the pancreas. Diagnostic Cytopathology 2012, 42: 247-252. PMID: 22730170, DOI: 10.1002/dc.22884.Peer-Reviewed Case Reports and Technical Notes
2011
Use of high‐risk human papillomavirus testing in patients with low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions
Levi AW, Harigopal M, Hui P, Schofield K, Chhieng DC. Use of high‐risk human papillomavirus testing in patients with low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Cancer Cytopathology 2011, 119: 228-234. PMID: 21732551, DOI: 10.1002/cncy.20172.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow-grade squamous intraepithelial lesionsHR-HPV testingHPV testingCIN 2Colposcopy rateHR-HPVRelative light units/cutoffCervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2High-risk human papillomavirusHR-HPV statusRLU/COIntraepithelial neoplasia 2Hybrid Capture 2Squamous intraepithelial lesionsCIN 1 lesionsLarge teaching hospitalNegative predictive valueLSIL cytologyHPV statusIntraepithelial lesionsCapture 2Human papillomavirusTeaching hospitalCytologic diagnosisSevere lesionsLittoral cell angioma of the spleen diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Nagarajan P, Cai G, Padda MS, Selbst M, Kowalski D, Proctor DD, Chhieng D, Aslanian HR, Harigopal M. Littoral cell angioma of the spleen diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy. Diagnostic Cytopathology 2011, 39: 318-322. PMID: 21488173, DOI: 10.1002/dc.21384.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEndoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsyLittoral cell angiomaUltrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsyFine-needle aspiration biopsyCytologic featuresAspiration biopsyEndoscopic ultrasound examinationCharacteristic cytologic featuresPrevious case reportsFine-needle aspiration samplesNeedle aspiration biopsyPrimary vascular neoplasmSplenic red pulpCase reportVascular lesionsVascular neoplasmUltrasound examinationImmunohistochemical analysisAspiration samplesAngiomaRed pulpSinusoidal lining