Expression of Ixodes scapularis Antifreeze Glycoprotein Enhances Cold Tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster
Neelakanta G, Hudson AM, Sultana H, Cooley L, Fikrig E. Expression of Ixodes scapularis Antifreeze Glycoprotein Enhances Cold Tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster. PLOS ONE 2012, 7: e33447. PMID: 22428051, PMCID: PMC3302814, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033447.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcclimatizationAnalysis of VarianceAnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedAntifreeze ProteinsApoptosisCold TemperatureDrosophila melanogasterEmbryo, NonmammalianEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleImmunoblottingIn Situ Nick-End LabelingIxodesMaleMusclesOligonucleotidesReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionConceptsNon-freezing temperaturesD. melanogasterDrosophila melanogasterCold toleranceLow non-freezing temperaturesFemale adult fliesTransgenic D. melanogasterCold shock injuryAbility of fliesAntifreeze glycoproteinsAdult fliesMolecular basisMelanogasterFlight musclesFliesAntifreeze proteinsHatching rateHigher survival rateApoptotic damageGlycoproteinExpressionToleranceEmbryosProteinApoptosis