2001
Sensory Stimuli and Anxiety in Children Undergoing Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Kain Z, Wang S, Mayes L, Krivutza D, Teague B. Sensory Stimuli and Anxiety in Children Undergoing Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2001, 92: 897-903. PMID: 11273921, DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200104000-00018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInduction of anesthesiaChildren Undergoing SurgeryPostoperative day 1Postoperative behavioral changesSensory stimuliPost Hospitalization Behavior QuestionnaireUndergoing surgeryBehavioral recoveryIncreased complianceStimulation groupDay 1AnesthesiaControl groupAnesthesia maskOperating room lightsSurgeryAnxiety of childrenBehavioral interventionsOperating roomChildrenBehavioral changesExhibit low levelsBehavior QuestionnaireInductionAnxiety
2000
Midazolam: Effects on Amnesia and Anxiety in Children
Kain Z, Hofstadter M, Mayes L, Krivutza D, Alexander G, Wang S, Reznick J. Midazolam: Effects on Amnesia and Anxiety in Children. Anesthesiology 2000, 93: 676. PMID: 10969300, DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200009000-00016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOral midazolamMidazolam administrationAnterograde amnesiaGood anterograde amnesiaSignificant anterograde amnesiaInduction of anesthesiaSignificant anxiolytic effectMidazolam groupGeneral anesthesiaSignificant group differencesAnxiolytic effectsBusy operating roomSurgical proceduresPostintervention testingDrug AdministrationControl groupMidazolamBaseline testingAnxiety measurement toolAnxiety of childrenOperating roomAdministrationGroup differencesPicture cardsAnesthesiaParental Presence and a Sedative Premedicant for Children Undergoing Surgery
Kain Z, Mayes L, Wang S, Caramico L, Krivutza D, Hofstadter M. Parental Presence and a Sedative Premedicant for Children Undergoing Surgery. Anesthesiology 2000, 92: 939-946. PMID: 10754612, DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200004000-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPPIA groupSedative groupOverall careParental presenceParental satisfactionOperating roomParental anxietyInduction of anesthesiaPrimary endpointSecondary endpointsPerioperative periodOral midazolamOral sedativesPreoperative anxietySedative premedicantsAnesthesia maskChildrenSedativesAnxietyAdditive effectChild anxietyEndpointCareStandardized measuresIntervention
1998
Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia versus Sedative Premedication
Kain Z, Mayes L, Wang S, Caramico L, Hofstadter M. Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia versus Sedative Premedication. Anesthesiology 1998, 89: 1147-1156. PMID: 9822003, DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199811000-00015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInduction of anesthesiaMidazolam groupControl groupParental presenceOral midazolamEnd pointParental presence groupPrimary end pointSecondary end pointsParental anxiety scoresPerioperative periodPreoperative periodPreoperative anxietySedative premedicationAnesthesia maskAnesthesiaMidazolamOperating roomAnxiety scoresParent anxietyChildrenLess anxietyInterventionAnxietyInduction
1997
Parental Desire for Perioperative Information and Informed Consent: A Two-Phase Study
Kain Z, Wang S, Caramico L, Hofstadter M, Mayes L. Parental Desire for Perioperative Information and Informed Consent: A Two-Phase Study. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1997, 84: 299. DOI: 10.1213/00000539-199702000-00011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPerioperative informationPerioperative periodParents of childrenParental anxietyTime pointsDay of surgeryCross-sectional studyParental anxiety levelsRisk informationPhase 2Phase 1Majority of parentsParental educational levelIntervention groupPossible complicationsControl groupInformed consentSurgeryOperating roomGroup assignmentTwo-phase studyAnxiety levelsSignificant differencesInterventionEducational levelParental Desire for Perioperative Information and Informed Consent
Kain Z, Wang S, Caramico L, Hofstadter M, Mayes L. Parental Desire for Perioperative Information and Informed Consent. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1997, 84: 299-306.. PMID: 9024018, DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199702000-00011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPerioperative informationPerioperative periodParents of childrenParental anxietyTime pointsDay of surgeryCross-sectional studyParental anxiety levelsRisk informationPhase 2Phase 1Majority of parentsParental educational levelIntervention groupPossible complicationsControl groupInformed consentSurgeryOperating roomGroup assignmentAnxiety levelsSignificant differencesInterventionEducational levelInformation parents
1996
Preoperative preparation in children: A cross-sectional study
Kain Z, Mayes L, Caramico L. Preoperative preparation in children: A cross-sectional study. Journal Of Clinical Anesthesia 1996, 8: 508-514. PMID: 8872693, DOI: 10.1016/0952-8180(96)00115-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCross-sectional studyPrevious hospitalizationPreoperative preparation programChild's ageMultivariable regression analysisAnxiety responsesPediatric outpatientsElective surgeryIndependent predictorsChildren's HospitalOutpatient surgeryPreoperative preparationAge of childrenPreoperative programSurgeryOperating roomOverall anxietyAgeHospitalizationChildrenRegression analysisHospitalPredictorsAnxietyIntervention
1995
Measurement tool for preoperative anxiety in young children: The yale preoperative anxiety scale
Kain Z, Mayes L, Cicchetti D, Caramico L, Spieker M, Nygren M, Rimar S. Measurement tool for preoperative anxiety in young children: The yale preoperative anxiety scale. Child Neuropsychology 1995, 1: 203-210. DOI: 10.1080/09297049508400225.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVisual analog scaleAnxiety levelsAnxiety ScaleYale Preoperative Anxiety ScaleInter-observer agreementAnalog scalePreoperative settingChildren's anxiety levelsIntra-observer kappaPreoperative anxietySurgical proceduresResearch neuropsychologistsOperating roomKappa analysisYoung childrenExcellent observer reliabilityNew assessment instrumentYPAS