2012
Spirochete antigens persist near cartilage after murine Lyme borreliosis therapy
Bockenstedt LK, Gonzalez DG, Haberman AM, Belperron AA. Spirochete antigens persist near cartilage after murine Lyme borreliosis therapy. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2012, 122: 2652-2660. PMID: 22728937, PMCID: PMC3386809, DOI: 10.1172/jci58813.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntigens, BacterialArthritis, InfectiousBacterial LoadBorrelia burgdorferiCartilageCeftriaxoneDoxycyclineEar, ExternalFemaleFluorescence Recovery After PhotobleachingGreen Fluorescent ProteinsJoint CapsuleLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMicroscopy, Fluorescence, MultiphotonMyeloid Differentiation Factor 88PatellaRecombinant ProteinsConceptsNaive miceAntibiotic treatmentIntravital microscopyAntibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritisLyme diseaseTNF-α productionBorrelia burgdorferi antigensB. burgdorferi antigensSpirochete antigenTLR responsivenessInflammatory arthritisAntibiotic therapyLyme arthritisWT miceMusculoskeletal symptomsAntigens persistSlow resolutionImmunodeficient miceMouse modelTissue transplantsPathogen burdenSpirochete DNAInfectious spirochetesLyme borreliosisMiceThe heterogeneous motility of the Lyme disease spirochete in gelatin mimics dissemination through tissue
Harman MW, Dunham-Ems SM, Caimano MJ, Belperron AA, Bockenstedt LK, Fu HC, Radolf JD, Wolgemuth CW. The heterogeneous motility of the Lyme disease spirochete in gelatin mimics dissemination through tissue. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2012, 109: 3059-3064. PMID: 22315410, PMCID: PMC3286914, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1114362109.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2011
The impact of nanoparticle ligand density on dendritic-cell targeted vaccines
Bandyopadhyay A, Fine RL, Demento S, Bockenstedt LK, Fahmy TM. The impact of nanoparticle ligand density on dendritic-cell targeted vaccines. Biomaterials 2011, 32: 3094-3105. PMID: 21262534, PMCID: PMC4570971, DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.12.054.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIL-10 responsesDEC-205 receptorIL-10Cytokine responsesT cellsSubsequent T cell responsesBlockade of CD36T cell responsesAntigen delivery systemDifferential cytokine responsesScavenger receptor CD36Vaccine delivery systemDC expressionVaccine efficacyDC functionDC productionReceptor CD36Cell responsesDelivery systemOVA nanoparticlesDelivery of therapeuticsCD36AntigenReceptorsSimilar pattern
2009
The Caspase 1 Inflammasome Is Not Required for Control of Murine Lyme Borreliosis
Liu N, Belperron AA, Booth CJ, Bockenstedt LK. The Caspase 1 Inflammasome Is Not Required for Control of Murine Lyme Borreliosis. Infection And Immunity 2009, 77: 3320-3327. PMID: 19487481, PMCID: PMC2715671, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00100-09.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCaspase-1 inflammasomeCaspase-1Immune responseHost defenseLyme borreliosisToll-like receptor-mediated responsesDay 14 postinfectionPrevalence of arthritisT cell responsesApoptosis-associated speck-like proteinMild transient elevationBorrelia burgdorferiMurine Lyme borreliosisReceptor-mediated responsesCaspase-1 deficiencyC-terminal caspase recruitment domainSpeck-like proteinAbility of macrophagesEnzyme caspase-1IL-18Humoral immunityInterleukin-1betaTransient elevationPathogen burdenInflammasomeLangerhans Cell Deficiency Impairs Ixodes scapularis Suppression of Th1 Responses in Mice
Vesely DL, Fish D, Shlomchik MJ, Kaplan DH, Bockenstedt LK. Langerhans Cell Deficiency Impairs Ixodes scapularis Suppression of Th1 Responses in Mice. Infection And Immunity 2009, 77: 1881-1887. PMID: 19273564, PMCID: PMC2681756, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00030-09.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTh1 responseTick salivaLangerhans cell subsetsLC-deficient miceSkin dendritic cellsTh1 immune responseTh cell polarizationTh cell responsesRegional lymph nodesT cell responsesTick feedingSecondary lymphoid organsGamma interferon productionSpleens of miceWild-type miceIxodes scapularis ticksT helperDendritic cellsLymph nodesLN cellsCell subsetsImmunomodulatory effectsLymphoid organsTh2 cellsImmune response
2007
Marginal Zone B-Cell Depletion Impairs Murine Host Defense against Borrelia burgdorferi Infection
Belperron AA, Dailey CM, Booth CJ, Bockenstedt LK. Marginal Zone B-Cell Depletion Impairs Murine Host Defense against Borrelia burgdorferi Infection. Infection And Immunity 2007, 75: 3354-3360. PMID: 17470546, PMCID: PMC1932939, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00422-07.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT-cell-independent antibodiesCell-depleted miceSplenic CD4Cell depletionPathogen burdenSplenic T cell responsesHost defenseT-cell activation markersC3H/HeJ miceImmunoglobulin M titersInfected control miceMurine host defensePathogen-specific IgMT cell responsesMarginal zone B cellsBlood-borne antigensBlood-borne pathogensWeeks of infectionB cell subsetsImmune mouse serumBorrelia burgdorferi infectionImportant host defenseSevere arthritisActivation markersControl mice
2005
Infection-Induced Marginal Zone B Cell Production of Borrelia hermsii-Specific Antibody Is Impaired in the Absence of CD1d
Belperron AA, Dailey CM, Bockenstedt LK. Infection-Induced Marginal Zone B Cell Production of Borrelia hermsii-Specific Antibody Is Impaired in the Absence of CD1d. The Journal Of Immunology 2005, 174: 5681-5686. PMID: 15843569, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.9.5681.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntibody SpecificityAntigens, CD1Antigens, CD1dB-Lymphocyte SubsetsBorreliaBorrelia InfectionsDNA, BacterialGerminal CenterImmune SeraImmunity, InnateImmunization, PassiveImmunoglobulin MLymphocyte ActivationLymphocyte DepletionMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutConceptsMZB cellsActivation markersPathogen burdenMouse serumAbsence of CD1dBlood-borne AgsCD1d-deficient micePathogen-specific IgMActivation marker expressionMarginal zone B cellsT cell helpImmune mouse serumWild-type miceCritical host defenseB cell productionB. hermsiiCD1d expressionSerum levelsCell helpPassive transferSpirochete burdenAb productionSpirochete Borrelia burgdorferiB cellsCell activation
2004
Myeloid Differentiation Antigen 88 Deficiency Impairs Pathogen Clearance but Does Not Alter Inflammation in Borrelia burgdorferi-Infected Mice
Liu N, Montgomery RR, Barthold SW, Bockenstedt LK. Myeloid Differentiation Antigen 88 Deficiency Impairs Pathogen Clearance but Does Not Alter Inflammation in Borrelia burgdorferi-Infected Mice. Infection And Immunity 2004, 72: 3195-3203. PMID: 15155621, PMCID: PMC415708, DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.6.3195-3203.2004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdaptor Proteins, Signal TransducingAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, DifferentiationArthritisBorrelia burgdorferiDNA, BacterialInflammationLyme DiseaseMacrophages, PeritonealMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMyeloid Differentiation Factor 88MyocarditisOpsonin ProteinsPhagocytosisReceptors, ImmunologicUrineConceptsToll-like receptor 2Days of infectionPathogen burdenWT miceAcute inflammationB. burgdorferi-specific antibodyPathogen-specific adaptive immunityMyD88-dependent signaling pathwaysTumor necrosis factor alphaBurgdorferi-specific antibodiesImmunoglobulin G1 responsesTLR2-deficient miceInnate immune cellsBorrelia burgdorferiNecrosis factor alphaWild-type miceIgM titersImmune cellsInflammatory responseFactor alphaAdaptive immunitySpirochete Borrelia burgdorferiWT macrophagesReceptor 2Pathogen clearance
2002
Detection of Attenuated, Noninfectious Spirochetes in Borrelia burgdorferi–Infected Mice after Antibiotic Treatment
Bockenstedt LK, Mao J, Hodzic E, Barthold SW, Fish D. Detection of Attenuated, Noninfectious Spirochetes in Borrelia burgdorferi–Infected Mice after Antibiotic Treatment. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2002, 186: 1430-1437. PMID: 12404158, DOI: 10.1086/345284.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolymerase chain reactionSham-treated miceAntibiotic-treated miceBorrelia burgdorferi infectionReal-time polymerase chain reactionIxodes scapularis ticksAntibiotic therapyNaive miceHistopathologic evidenceAntibiotic treatmentBurgdorferi infectionPersistent infectionSpirochete DNAMiceBorrelia burgdorferiMonthsScapularis ticksChain reactionTherapyXenodiagnosisInfectionSpirochetesLimited durationTreatmentLow levels
2001
Natural Antibody Affects Survival of the SpirocheteBorrelia burgdorferi within Feeding Ticks
Belperron A, Bockenstedt L. Natural Antibody Affects Survival of the SpirocheteBorrelia burgdorferi within Feeding Ticks. Infection And Immunity 2001, 69: 6456-6462. PMID: 11553590, PMCID: PMC98781, DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.10.6456-6462.2001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB cell-deficient miceNatural antibodiesControl miceConfocal immunofluorescence microscopySalivary glandsEarly host defenseBlood-sucking vectorsMammalian hostsFeeding ticksB. burgdorferi organismsNormal mouse serumTick midgutAbsence of exposureOuter surface protein AArthropod vectorsImmunofluorescence microscopyMammalian seraSurface protein ASpirochete Borrelia burgdorferiPolyclonal immunoglobulin MPathogen transmissionSpirochete burdenPassive transferBlood mealImmunoglobulin MCD4+ T Helper 1 Cells Facilitate Regression of Murine Lyme Carditis
Bockenstedt L, Kang I, Chang C, Persing D, Hayday A, Barthold S. CD4+ T Helper 1 Cells Facilitate Regression of Murine Lyme Carditis. Infection And Immunity 2001, 69: 5264-5269. PMID: 11500394, PMCID: PMC98634, DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.9.5264-5269.2001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlphabeta T-cell-deficient miceT cell-deficient miceMurine Lyme carditisT cellsLyme carditisB cellsT helper 1 cellsAnti-inflammatory cytokines mRNA levelsTumor necrosis factor alphaBurgdorferi-specific antibodiesInfected control miceProminent macrophage infiltrateCell-mediated immunityT cell responsesT helper 1Murine Lyme borreliosisCytokine mRNA levelsNecrosis factor alphaAlphabeta T cellsPrincipal immune cellsMouse strain backgroundAdoptive transferAcute arthritisMacrophage infiltratesControl mice
2000
Cutting Edge: CD1d Deficiency Impairs Murine Host Defense Against the Spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi
Kumar H, Belperron A, Barthold S, Bockenstedt L. Cutting Edge: CD1d Deficiency Impairs Murine Host Defense Against the Spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. The Journal Of Immunology 2000, 165: 4797-4801. PMID: 11046002, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.9.4797.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, BacterialAntigens, CD1Antigens, CD1dAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorrelia burgdorferi GroupDNA, BacterialGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseImmunity, InnateImmunoglobulin GLipoproteinsLyme DiseaseLyme Disease VaccinesMiceMice, Inbred C3HMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutUrinary BladderConceptsLipid AgsHost defenseCD1d-deficient miceDisease-susceptible miceMurine host defenseRole of CD1dImpair host resistanceBorrelia burgdorferiSusceptible mouse strainsControl miceT cellsCD1 moleculesSpirochete DNADisease profileMouse strainsMiceLyme disease spirocheteInfectionSpirochetesBurgdorferiHost resistancePathogensArthritisCD1dEnhanced production
1999
Quantitative detection of Borrelia burgdorferi with a microtiter-based competitive polymerase chain reaction assay
Germer J, Ryckmann B, Moro M, Hofmeister E, Barthold S, Bockenstedt L, Persing D. Quantitative detection of Borrelia burgdorferi with a microtiter-based competitive polymerase chain reaction assay. Molecular Diagnosis 1999, 4: 185-193. PMID: 10553019, DOI: 10.1016/s1084-8592(99)80022-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLyme disease pathogenesisPolymerase chain reactionDisease pathogenesisBALB/c miceAvailable enzyme-linked immunosorbentB. burgdorferi flagellin geneChain reactionQuantitative competitive polymerase chain reactionEnzyme-linked immunosorbentCompetitive polymerase chain reactionImmunologic componentsInfectious burdenC miceInflammatory processC3H miceMurine modelAnimal modelsTissue weightTissue burdenLyme diseaseTarget tissuesSpecific target tissuesBorrelia burgdorferiDetection kitCompetitive internal standard
1998
Modulation of Murine Lyme Borreliosis by Interruption of the B7/CD28 T-Cell Costimulatory Pathway
Shanafelt M, Kang I, Barthold S, Bockenstedt L. Modulation of Murine Lyme Borreliosis by Interruption of the B7/CD28 T-Cell Costimulatory Pathway. Infection And Immunity 1998, 66: 266-271. PMID: 9423867, PMCID: PMC107886, DOI: 10.1128/iai.66.1.266-271.1998.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAbataceptAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntibodies, BlockingAntigens, CDAntigens, DifferentiationArthritis, InfectiousB7-1 AntigenB7-2 AntigenCD28 AntigensCTLA-4 AntigenFemaleImmunoconjugatesImmunoglobulin GInterferon-gammaInterleukin-4Lyme DiseaseLymphocyte ActivationMembrane GlycoproteinsMiceMice, Inbred BALB CSpecific Pathogen-Free OrganismsTh1 CellsTh2 CellsUp-Regulation
1997
Protective and Arthritis-Resolving Activity in Sera of Mice Infected with Borrelia burgdorferi
Barthold S, Feng S, Bockenstedt L, Fikrig E, Feen K. Protective and Arthritis-Resolving Activity in Sera of Mice Infected with Borrelia burgdorferi. Clinical Infectious Diseases 1997, 25: s9-s17. PMID: 9233658, DOI: 10.1086/516166.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImmune serumSyringe challengePassive protective activitySerum of miceArthritis resolutionHost-adapted spirochetesImmunocompetent miceJoint tissuesTissue transplantsProtective activityImmunodominant regionMiceSerumInfectionBorrelia burgdorferiB. burgdorferiRecombinant formBurgdorferiSpirochetesTissueChallenge inoculationCarditisTransplantSpirochetemiaAntigenLyme Borreliosis in Transgenic Mice Tolerant to OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi 25015
Fikrig E, Barthold S, Chen M, Tao H, Ali-Salaam P, Bockenstedt L, Flavell R. Lyme Borreliosis in Transgenic Mice Tolerant to OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi 25015. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1997, 175: 1000-1003. PMID: 9086169, DOI: 10.1086/513958.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransgenic miceLyme borreliosisC3H/HeN miceTolerance of miceSurface protein ABorrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein ASignificant arthritisOuter surface protein ALyme arthritisProtective immunityNontransgenic littermatesHeN miceOspA antibodiesDisease pathogenesisMiceArthritisB. burgdorferi N40OspABorreliosisCellular responsesProtein AResponseImmunizationPathogenesisLittermates