2021
Idiopathic primary intraventricular hemorrhage and cerebral small vessel disease
Das A, Regenhardt R, Gokcal E, Horn M, Daoud N, Schwab K, Rost N, Viswanathan A, Kimberly W, Goldstein J, Biffi A, Schwamm L, Rosand J, Greenberg S, Gurol M. Idiopathic primary intraventricular hemorrhage and cerebral small vessel disease. International Journal Of Stroke 2021, 17: 645-653. PMID: 34427471, PMCID: PMC10947797, DOI: 10.1177/17474930211043957.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCerebral small vessel diseaseCerebral amyloid angiopathyPrimary intraventricular hemorrhageIdiopathic primary intraventricular hemorrhageProbable cerebral amyloid angiopathyAmyloid angiopathySmall vessel diseaseIntraventricular hemorrhageVessel diseaseMean initial blood pressureNon-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhageBrain magnetic resonance imagingInitial blood pressurePrimary intraparenchymal hemorrhageSingle referral centerBrain magnetic resonanceMagnetic resonance imagingCSVD subtypesBoston criteriaReferral centerBlood pressureConsecutive patientsCerebral amyloidIntracerebral hemorrhageIntraparenchymal hemorrhage
2018
Isolated Upper Limb Weakness From Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms and Outcome
Topcuoglu M, Rocha E, Siddiqui A, Mills B, Silva G, Schwamm L, Lamuraglia G, Singhal A. Isolated Upper Limb Weakness From Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms and Outcome. Journal Of Stroke And Cerebrovascular Diseases 2018, 27: 2712-2719. PMID: 30033098, DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.05.050.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overBrain IschemiaCarotid StenosisCerebral AngiographyComputed Tomography AngiographyDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingDisability EvaluationEmbolismFemaleHeart DiseasesHumansMagnetic Resonance AngiographyMaleMiddle AgedMotor ActivityMotor CortexMuscle StrengthMuscle WeaknessMuscle, SkeletalPlaque, AtheroscleroticPrognosisRecovery of FunctionRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsRupture, SpontaneousStrokeUpper ExtremityConceptsCarotid artery stenosisArtery stenosisCarotid stenosisSubcortical white matter infarctsClinical imaging featuresUpper extremity weaknessDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imagingUpper limb weaknessRecurrent stroke riskWhite matter infarctsMagnetic resonance imagingCardioembolic mechanismRecurrent strokeBrainstem infarctsExtremity weaknessMultiple infarctsIschemic strokeLimb weaknessStroke riskMotor stripStroke evaluationMean agePlaque ulcerationStroke mechanismInfarctsIntravenous thrombolysis in unwitnessed stroke onset: MR WITNESS trial results
Schwamm L, Wu O, Song S, Latour L, Ford A, Hsia A, Muzikansky A, Betensky R, Yoo A, Lev M, Boulouis G, Lauer A, Cougo P, Copen W, Harris G, Warach S, Investigators O. Intravenous thrombolysis in unwitnessed stroke onset: MR WITNESS trial results. Annals Of Neurology 2018, 83: 980-993. PMID: 29689135, PMCID: PMC6095471, DOI: 10.1002/ana.25235.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMagnetic resonance imagingSymptomatic intracranial hemorrhageLarge vessel occlusionIntravenous thrombolysisSymptom discoveryVessel occlusionAcute ischemic stroke patientsFluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imagingInversion recovery magnetic resonance imagingDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imagingIschemic stroke patientsStroke durationAnn NeurolSymptomatic edemaUnwitnessed onsetUnwitnessed strokeIntravenous alteplaseRankin ScaleSecondary outcomesStroke onsetSymptom onsetPrimary outcomeIntracranial hemorrhageProspective studyStroke patients
2017
Ischemic Stroke Profile, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in India
Sylaja P, Pandian J, Kaul S, Srivastava M, Khurana D, Schwamm L, Kesav P, Arora D, Pannu A, Thankachan T, Singhal A. Ischemic Stroke Profile, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in India. Stroke 2017, 49: 219-222. PMID: 29167386, PMCID: PMC5742046, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.018700.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdmission National InstitutesHealth Stroke ScaleStroke ScaleIschemic strokeDiabetes mellitusRisk factorsHealth Stroke Scale scoreLower admission National InstitutesMedian admission National InstitutesNational InstituteRankin Scale score 0Stroke etiologic subtypesIntra-arterial thrombolysisStroke Scale scoreAcademic tertiary hospitalCommon risk factorsMagnetic resonance imagingHospital mortalityEtiologic subtypesStroke careStroke ProjectTertiary hospitalAtrial fibrillationStroke guidelinesMean ageRecrudescence of Deficits After Stroke: Clinical and Imaging Phenotype, Triggers, and Risk Factors
Topcuoglu M, Saka E, Silverman S, Schwamm L, Singhal A. Recrudescence of Deficits After Stroke: Clinical and Imaging Phenotype, Triggers, and Risk Factors. JAMA Neurology 2017, 74: 1048-1055. PMID: 28783808, PMCID: PMC5710180, DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.1668.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackRisk factorsIschemic attackChronic strokeMean ageDiagnostic criteriaPSR groupHealth Stroke Scale scoreIntravenous tissue plasminogen activatorMiddle cerebral artery territoryResearch Patient Data RepositoryCrossover cohort studyHypertensive brain hemorrhagePatients' mean ageStroke Scale scoreFocal neurologic deficitsSmall vessel diseaseCase-control studyPreliminary diagnostic criteriaTissue plasminogen activatorStroke-related deficitsMagnetic resonance imagingWhite matter tractsDiffusion-weighted imagingPatient data repositoryMultiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prediction of Parenchymal Hemorrhage in Acute Ischemic Stroke After Reperfusion Therapy
Nael K, Knitter J, Jahan R, Gornbein J, Ajani Z, Feng L, Meyer B, Schwamm L, Yoo A, Marshall R, Meyers P, Yavagal D, Wintermark M, Liebeskind D, Guzy J, Starkman S, Saver J, Kidwell C. Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prediction of Parenchymal Hemorrhage in Acute Ischemic Stroke After Reperfusion Therapy. Stroke 2017, 48: 664-670. PMID: 28138001, PMCID: PMC5325250, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.014343.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCerebral blood volumeAcute ischemic strokeParenchymal hemorrhageReperfusion therapyIschemic strokeReceiver-operating characteristic curve analysisApparent diffusion coefficientMultiparametric magnetic resonance imagingPretreatment magnetic resonanceMagnetic resonance perfusionValues of CBVCharacteristic curve analysisApparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) valuesMagnetic resonance imagingIndependent predictorsIschemic coreRisk stratificationUnivariate analysisClinical trialsMicrovascular permeabilityBlood volumeInfarction corePatientsResonance imagingDiagnostic accuracy
2016
Endovascular Stroke Treatment Outcomes After Patient Selection Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Criteria
Leslie-Mazwi TM, Hirsch JA, Falcone GJ, Schaefer PW, Lev MH, Rabinov JD, Rost NS, Schwamm L, González RG. Endovascular Stroke Treatment Outcomes After Patient Selection Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Criteria. JAMA Neurology 2016, 73: 1-7. PMID: 26524074, DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.3000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMagnetic resonance imagingSelection of patientsClinical criteriaFavorable outcomeSuccessful reperfusionMRS scoreLTB patientsIschemic strokeTerminal internal carotid artery occlusionResonance imagingInternal carotid artery occlusionStroke treatment outcomesEndovascular stroke treatmentAcute ischemic strokeCarotid artery occlusionProspective cohort studyMiddle cerebral arterySpecific magnetic resonance imagingInfarct volume determinationArtery occlusionCohort studyStroke treatmentCerebral arteryEndovascular treatmentPatient selection
2015
In Acute Stroke, Can CT Perfusion-Derived Cerebral Blood Volume Maps Substitute for Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Identifying the Ischemic Core?
Copen W, Morais L, Wu O, Schwamm L, Schaefer P, González R, Yoo A. In Acute Stroke, Can CT Perfusion-Derived Cerebral Blood Volume Maps Substitute for Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Identifying the Ischemic Core? PLOS ONE 2015, 10: e0133566. PMID: 26193486, PMCID: PMC4508041, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133566.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsComputed tomography perfusion imagingDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imagingCerebral blood volumeInfarct volumeSensitivity/specificityCBV mapsDWI lesionsIschemic coreCore lesionsDWI-positive patientsRegional cerebral blood volumeAcute ischemic strokeFinal infarct volumeTreatment of patientsTomography perfusion imagingPresence of infarctionMagnetic resonance imagingDiffusion-weighted imagingAcute strokeIschemic strokeSymptom onsetLesion volumeIndividual patientsInter-rater agreementPatients
2013
A Trial of Imaging Selection and Endovascular Treatment for Ischemic Stroke
Kidwell C, Jahan R, Gornbein J, Alger J, Nenov V, Ajani Z, Feng L, Meyer B, Olson S, Schwamm L, Yoo A, Marshall R, Meyers P, Yavagal D, Wintermark M, Guzy J, Starkman S, Saver J. A Trial of Imaging Selection and Endovascular Treatment for Ischemic Stroke. New England Journal Of Medicine 2013, 368: 914-923. PMID: 23394476, PMCID: PMC3690785, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1212793.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFavorable penumbral patternAcute ischemic strokeStandard carePenumbral patternIschemic strokeRankin ScaleNinety-day mortalitySymptomatic intracranial hemorrhageAnterior circulation strokeModified Rankin ScaleMagnetic resonance imagingEligible patientsEmbolectomy groupMechanical embolectomyEndovascular thrombectomyEndovascular therapySuch patientsClinical outcomesEndovascular treatmentIntracranial hemorrhageMean ageImaging selectionImaging patternsEmbolectomyPatients
2012
Economic Impact of Using Additional Diagnostic Tests to Better Select Patients With Stroke for Intravenous Thrombolysis in the United Kingdom
Earnshaw S, McDade C, Chapman A, Jackson D, Schwamm L. Economic Impact of Using Additional Diagnostic Tests to Better Select Patients With Stroke for Intravenous Thrombolysis in the United Kingdom. Clinical Therapeutics 2012, 34: 1544-1558. PMID: 22695225, DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.05.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMagnetic resonance imagingMRI selectionUsual careDiagnostic testsFavorable outcomeIncremental cost-effectiveness ratioAcute stroke treatmentPreferred diagnostic testNumber of patientsAdditional diagnostic testsCost-effectiveness ratioDecision analytic modelCTP selectionIntravenous thrombolysisStroke onsetStroke treatmentPatient selectionUK patientsPenumbral patternPatient outcomesPerfusion CTPatient historyThrombolysisPatientsPerfusion imagingM. D. Hammer et al.
Hammer M, Schwamm L, Starkman S, Schellinger P, Jovin T, Nogueira R, Burgin W, Sen S, Diener H, Watson T, Michel P, Shuaib A, Dillon W, Liebeskind D. M. D. Hammer et al. International Journal Of Stroke 2012, 7: 655-661. PMID: 22264202, PMCID: PMC4157918, DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2011.00719.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIschemic stroke patientsSymptom onsetPartial aortic occlusionStroke patientsAortic occlusionIntracranial hemorrhageEight hoursInternational academic medical centersAsymptomatic intracranial hemorrhageLower baseline NIHSSSymptomatic intracranial hemorrhageFavorable neurological outcomeHealth Stroke ScalePerfusion-diffusion mismatchSingle-arm trialAcademic medical centerMagnetic resonance imagingBaseline NIHSSNeurological outcomeParenchymal hematomaStroke ScaleAdverse eventsSecondary outcomesStroke severityAcute treatment
2001
Diagnostic Value of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Hyperintensity in Selected Patients With Acute Neurologic Deficits
Schaefer P, Gonzalez R, Hunter G, Wang B, Koroshetz W, Schwamm L. Diagnostic Value of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Hyperintensity in Selected Patients With Acute Neurologic Deficits. Journal Of Neuroimaging 2001, 11: 369-380. PMID: 11677876, DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2001.tb00065.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute neurologic deficitsMagnetic resonance imagingDiffusion-weighted imagingNeurologic deficitsMRI abnormalitiesClinical syndromeMRI T2 hyperintensityVenous sinus thrombosisIschemic brain injuryEvaluation of patientsSubset of patientsConventional magnetic resonance imagingApparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapsDiffusion coefficient mapsHIV encephalopathyHypertensive encephalopathyNonischemic etiologyPosterior leukoencephalopathySinus thrombosisCarotid endarterectomyT2 hyperintensityNeurologic conditionsVasogenic edemaBrain injuryDiffusion magnetic resonance imagingManagement of Brain Edema Complicating Stroke
Rosand J, Schwamm L. Management of Brain Edema Complicating Stroke. Journal Of Intensive Care Medicine 2001, 16: 128-141. DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1489.2001.00128.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCerebral blood flowSecondary brain injuryBrain edemaMagnetic resonance imagingBrain parenchymaVasogenic edemaBrain injuryBlood-brain barrier integrityGlobal cerebral blood flowIschemic brain swellingLocal tissue dysfunctionSerial Neurologic AssessmentIschemic brain edemaOnset of symptomsIntracranial blood volumeIschemic cell injuryResult of injurySpecific MRI sequencesAccumulation of fluidDiffusion-weighted imagingRheologic agentsNeurologic deteriorationBrain swellingDecompressive surgeryIschemic strokeManagement of Brain Edema Complicating Stroke
Rosand J, Schwamm L. Management of Brain Edema Complicating Stroke. Journal Of Intensive Care Medicine 2001, 16: 128-141. DOI: 10.1177/088506660101600303.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCerebral blood flowSecondary brain injuryBrain edemaMagnetic resonance imagingBrain parenchymaVasogenic edemaBrain injuryBlood-brain barrier integrityGlobal cerebral blood flowIschemic brain swellingLocal tissue dysfunctionSerial Neurologic AssessmentIschemic brain edemaOnset of symptomsIntracranial blood volumeIschemic cell injuryResult of injurySpecific MRI sequencesAccumulation of fluidDiffusion-weighted imagingRheologic agentsNeurologic deteriorationBrain swellingDecompressive surgeryIschemic stroke
1999
Hyperacute Stroke: Simultaneous Measurement of Relative Cerebral Blood Volume, Relative Cerebral Blood Flow, and Mean Tissue Transit Time
Sorensen A, Copen W, Ostergaard L, Buonanno F, Gonzalez R, Rordorf G, Rosen B, Schwamm L, Weisskoff R, Koroshetz W. Hyperacute Stroke: Simultaneous Measurement of Relative Cerebral Blood Volume, Relative Cerebral Blood Flow, and Mean Tissue Transit Time. Radiology 1999, 210: 519-27. PMID: 10207439, DOI: 10.1148/radiology.210.2.r99fe06519.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRelative cerebral blood flowCerebral blood flowRelative cerebral blood volumeCerebral blood volumeBlood flowBlood volumeTissue transit timeLesion volumeMR imagingDiffusion findingsAcute lesion volumesCompensatory hemodynamic responseHemodynamic MR imagingCerebral ischemic strokeOnset of symptomsInitial blood flowAltered blood flowBlood volume mapsFunctional magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingTransit time mapsBlood flow mapsInitial blood volumeInfarct volumeHemodynamic abnormalitiesDiffusion-weighted MR Imaging: Diagnostic Accuracy in Patients Imaged within 6 Hours of Stroke Symptom Onset
González R, Schaefer P, Buonanno F, Schwamm L, Budzik R, Rordorf G, Wang B, Sorensen A, Koroshetz W. Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging: Diagnostic Accuracy in Patients Imaged within 6 Hours of Stroke Symptom Onset. Radiology 1999, 210: 155-62. PMID: 9885601, DOI: 10.1148/radiology.210.1.r99ja02155.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFinal clinical diagnosisDiffusion-weighted imagesDiffusion-weighted MR imagingDiffusion-weighted imagingConventional MR imagingMR imagingSymptom onsetBlinded reviewClinical diagnosisDiagnostic accuracyStroke symptom onsetDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingT2-weighted MR imagingAcute strokeStroke symptomsFinal diagnosisTomographic scanStrokelike symptomsPatientsPatient recordsResonance imagingStrokeDiagnosisCT
1996
Hyperacute stroke: evaluation with combined multisection diffusion-weighted and hemodynamically weighted echo-planar MR imaging.
Sorensen A, Buonanno F, Gonzalez R, Schwamm L, Lev M, Huang-Hellinger F, Reese T, Weisskoff R, Davis T, Suwanwela N, Can U, Moreira J, Copen W, Look R, Finklestein S, Rosen B, Koroshetz W. Hyperacute stroke: evaluation with combined multisection diffusion-weighted and hemodynamically weighted echo-planar MR imaging. Radiology 1996, 199: 391-401. PMID: 8668784, DOI: 10.1148/radiology.199.2.8668784.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfarct volumeNormal findingsHyperacute cerebral ischemiaMagnetic resonance imagingEcho-planar MR imagingAcute hemiparesisAcute strokeCerebral ischemiaInitial CTMR imaging techniquesStroke diagnosisPatientsResonance imagingSubsequent imagingMR imagingAbnormalitiesConventional MRCTImaging techniquesImagingMRHoursFindingsHemiparesisInfarction