Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Collaborators G, Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber R, Bhutta Z, Brown A, Carter A, Casey D, Charlson F, Chen A, Coggeshall M, Cornaby L, Dandona L, Dicker D, Dilegge T, Erskine H, Ferrari A, Fitzmaurice C, Fleming T, Forouzanfar M, Fullman N, Gething P, Goldberg E, Graetz N, Haagsma J, Hay S, Johnson C, Kassebaum N, Kawashima T, Kemmer L, Khalil I, Kinfu Y, Kyu H, Leung J, Liang X, Lim S, Lopez A, Lozano R, Marczak L, Mensah G, Mokdad A, Naghavi M, Nguyen G, Nsoesie E, Olsen H, Pigott D, Pinho C, Rankin Z, Reinig N, Salomon J, Sandar L, Smith A, Stanaway J, Steiner C, Teeple S, Thomas B, Troeger C, Wagner J, Wang H, Wanga V, Whiteford H, Zoeckler L, Abajobir A, Abate K, Abbafati C, Abbas K, Abd-Allah F, Abraham B, Abubakar I, Abu-Raddad L, Abu-Rmeileh N, Ackerman I, Adebiyi A, Ademi Z, Adou A, Afanvi K, Agardh E, Agarwal A, Kiadaliri A, Ahmadieh H, Ajala O, Akinyemi R, Akseer N, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam N, Aldhahri S, Alegretti M, Alemu Z, Alexander L, Alhabib S, Ali R, Alkerwi A, Alla F, Allebeck P, Al-Raddadi R, Alsharif U, Altirkawi K, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare A, Amberbir A, Amini H, Ammar W, Amrock S, Andersen H, Anderson G, Anderson B, Antonio C, Aregay A, Ärnlöv J, Artaman A, Asayesh H, Assadi R, Atique S, Avokpaho E, Awasthi A, Quintanilla B, Azzopardi P, Bacha U, Badawi A, Balakrishnan K, Banerjee A, Barac A, Barker-Collo S, Bärnighausen T, Barregard L, Barrero L, Basu A, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Beghi E, Bell B, Bell M, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Benzian H, Berhane A, Bernabé E, Betsu B, Beyene A, Bhala N, Bhatt S, Biadgilign S, Bienhoff K, Bikbov B, Biryukov S, Bisanzio D, Bjertness E, Blore J, Borschmann R, Boufous S, Brainin M, Brazinova A, Breitborde N, Brown J, Buchbinder R, Buckle G, Butt Z, Calabria B, Campos-Nonato I, Campuzano J, Carabin H, Cárdenas R, Carpenter D, Carrero J, Castañeda-Orjuela C, Rivas J, Catalá-López F, Chang J, Chiang P, Chibueze C, Chisumpa V, Choi J, Chowdhury R, Christensen H, Christopher D, Ciobanu L, Cirillo M, Coates M, Colquhoun S, Cooper C, Cortinovis M, Crump J, Damtew S, Dandona R, Daoud F, Dargan P, Neves J, Davey G, Davis A, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Del Gobbo L, Dellavalle R, Deribe K, Deribew A, Derrett S, Jarlais D, Dharmaratne S, Dhillon P, Diaz-Torné C, Ding E, Driscoll T, Duan L, Dubey M, Duncan B, Ebrahimi H, Ellenbogen R, Elyazar I, Endres M, Endries A, Ermakov S, Eshrati B, Estep K, Farid T, Farinha C, Faro A, Farvid M, Farzadfar F, Feigin V, Felson D, Fereshtehnejad S, Fernandes J, Fernandes J, Fischer F, Fitchett J, Foreman K, Fowkes F, Fox J, Franklin R, Friedman J, Frostad J, Fürst T, Futran N, Gabbe B, Ganguly P, Gankpé F, Gebre T, Gebrehiwot T, Gebremedhin A, Geleijnse J, Gessner B, Gibney K, Ginawi I, Giref A, Giroud M, Gishu M, Giussani G, Glaser E, Godwin W, Gomez-Dantes H, Gona P, Goodridge A, Gopalani S, Gotay C, Goto A, Gouda H, Grainger R, Greaves F, Guillemin F, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gupta V, Gutiérrez R, Haile D, Hailu A, Hailu G, Halasa Y, Hamadeh R, Hamidi S, Hammami M, Hancock J, Handal A, Hankey G, Hao Y, Harb H, Harikrishnan S, Haro J, Havmoeller R, Hay R, Heredia-Pi I, Heydarpour P, Hoek H, Horino M, Horita N, Hosgood H, Hoy D, Htet A, Huang H, Huang J, Huynh C, Iannarone M, Iburg K, Innos K, Inoue M, Iyer V, Jacobsen K, Jahanmehr N, Jakovljevic M, Javanbakht M, Jayaraman S, Jayatilleke A, Jee S, Jeemon P, Jensen P, Jiang Y, Jibat T, Jimenez-Corona A, Jin Y, Jonas J, Kabir Z, Kalkonde Y, Kamal R, Kan H, Karch A, Karema C, Karimkhani C, Kasaeian A, Kaul A, Kawakami N, Keiyoro P, Kemp A, Keren A, Kesavachandran C, Khader Y, Khan A, Khan E, Khang Y, Khera S, Khoja T, Khubchandani J, Kieling C, Kim P, Kim C, Kim D, Kim Y, Kissoon N, Knibbs L, Knudsen A, Kokubo Y, Kolte D, Kopec J, Kosen S, Kotsakis G, Koul P, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko M, Defo B, Bicer B, Kudom A, Kuipers E, Kumar G, Kutz M, Kwan G, Lal A, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Lam H, Lam J, Langan S, Larsson A, Lavados P, Leasher J, Leigh J, Leung R, Levi M, Li Y, Li Y, Liang J, Liu S, Liu Y, Lloyd B, Lo W, Logroscino G, Looker K, Lotufo P, Lunevicius R, Lyons R, Mackay M, Magdy M, Razek A, Mahdavi, Majdan M, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Marcenes W, Margolis D, Martinez-Raga J, Masiye F, Massano J, McGarvey S, McGrath J, McKee M, McMahon B, Meaney P, Mehari A, Mejia-Rodriguez F, Mekonnen A, Melaku Y, Memiah P, Memish Z, Mendoza W, Meretoja A, Meretoja T, Mhimbira F, Millear A, Miller T, Mills E, Mirarefin M, Mitchell P, Mock C, Mohammadi A, Mohammed S, Monasta L, Hernandez J, Montico M, Mooney M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morawska L, Mueller U, Mullany E, Mumford J, Murdoch M, Nachega J, Nagel G, Naheed A, Naldi L, Nangia V, Newton J, Ng M, Ngalesoni F, Le Nguyen Q, Nisar M, Pete P, Nolla J, Norheim O, Norman R, Norrving B, Nunes B, Ogbo F, Oh I, Ohkubo T, Olivares P, Olusanya B, Olusanya J, Ortiz A, Osman M, Ota E, Mahesh P, Park E, Parsaeian M, de Azeredo Passos V, Caicedo A, Patten S, Patton G, Pereira D, Perez-Padilla R, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Petzold M, Phillips M, Piel F, Pillay J, Pishgar F, Plass D, Platts-Mills J, Polinder S, Pond C, Popova S, Poulton R, Pourmalek F, Prabhakaran D, Prasad N, Qorbani M, Rabiee R, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rahimi K, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman M, Rahman S, Kumar R, Rajsic S, Ram U, Rao P, Refaat A, Reitsma M, Remuzzi G, Resnikoff S, Reynolds A, Ribeiro A, Blancas M, Roba H, Rojas-Rueda D, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roth G, Rothenbacher D, Roy A, Sagar R, Sahathevan R, Sanabria J, Sanchez-Niño M, Santos I, Santos J, Sarmiento-Suarez R, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Savic M, Sawhney M, Schaub M, Schmidt M, Schneider I, Schöttker B, Schwebel D, Scott J, Seedat S, Sepanlou S, Servan-Mori E, Shackelford K, Shaheen A, Shaikh M, Sharma R, Sharma U, Shen J, Shepard D, Sheth K, Shibuya K, Shin M, Shiri R, Shiue I, Shrime M, Sigfusdottir I, Silva D, Silveira D, Singh A, Singh J, Singh O, Singh P, Sivonda A, Skirbekk V, Skogen J, Sligar A, Sliwa K, Soljak M, Søreide K, Sorensen R, Soriano J, Sposato L, Sreeramareddy C, Stathopoulou V, Steel N, Stein D, Steiner T, Steinke S, Stovner L, Stroumpoulis K, Sunguya B, Sur P, Swaminathan S, Sykes B, Szoeke C, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Takala J, Tandon N, Tanne D, Tavakkoli M, Taye B, Taylor H, Ao B, Tedla B, Terkawi A, Thomson A, Thorne-Lyman A, Thrift A, Thurston G, Tobe-Gai R, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Tran B, Truelsen T, Dimbuene Z, Tsilimbaris M, Tura A, Tuzcu E, Tyrovolas S, Ukwaja K, Undurraga E, Uneke C, Uthman O, van Gool C, Varakin Y, Vasankari T, Venketasubramanian N, Verma R, Violante F, Vladimirov S, Vlassov V, Vollset S, Wagner G, Waller S, Wang L, Watkins D, Weichenthal S, Weiderpass E, Weintraub R, Werdecker A, Westerman R, White R, Williams H, Wiysonge C, Wolfe C, Won S, Woodbrook R, Wubshet M, Xavier D, Xu G, Yadav A, Yan L, Yano Y, Yaseri M, Ye P, Yebyo H, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon S, Younis M, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zaki M, Zeeb H, Zhou M, Zodpey S, Zuhlke L, Murray C. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet 2016, 388: 1545-1602. PMID: 27733282, PMCID: PMC5055577, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31678-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-communicable diseasesDisMod-MR 2.1Iron deficiency anemiaNon-fatal outcomesHIV/AIDSGBD 2013Global burdenStudy 2015Risk Factors Study 2015Bayesian meta-regression toolTropical diseasesCentral Latin AmericaSense organ disordersUpper respiratory infectionDisease Study 2015Sequelae of diseaseTension-type headacheCause of yearsCombinations of prevalenceYears of lifePermanent cariesGBD studyNeck painGBD 2010Genital herpesGlobal, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Collaborators G, Forouzanfar M, Afshin A, Alexander L, Anderson H, Bhutta Z, Biryukov S, Brauer M, Burnett R, Cercy K, Charlson F, Cohen A, Dandona L, Estep K, Ferrari A, Frostad J, Fullman N, Gething P, Godwin W, Griswold M, Hay S, Kinfu Y, Kyu H, Larson H, Liang X, Lim S, Liu P, Lopez A, Lozano R, Marczak L, Mensah G, Mokdad A, Moradi-Lakeh M, Naghavi M, Neal B, Reitsma M, Roth G, Salomon J, Sur P, Vos T, Wagner J, Wang H, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Aasvang G, Abajobir A, Abate K, Abbafati C, Abbas K, Abd-Allah F, Abdulle A, Abera S, Abraham B, Abu-Raddad L, Abyu G, Adebiyi A, Adedeji I, Ademi Z, Adou A, Adsuar J, Agardh E, Agarwal A, Agrawal A, Kiadaliri A, Ajala O, Akinyemiju T, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam N, Aldhahri S, Aldridge R, Alemu Z, Ali R, Alkerwi A, Alla F, Allebeck P, Alsharif U, Altirkawi K, Martin E, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare A, Amberbir A, Amegah A, Amini H, Ammar W, Amrock S, Andersen H, Anderson B, Antonio C, Anwari P, Ärnlöv J, Artaman A, Asayesh H, Asghar R, Assadi R, Atique S, Avokpaho E, Awasthi A, Quintanilla B, Azzopardi P, Bacha U, Badawi A, Bahit M, Balakrishnan K, Barac A, Barber R, Barker-Collo S, Bärnighausen T, Barquera S, Barregard L, Barrero L, Basu S, Batis C, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Beardsley J, Bedi N, Beghi E, Bell B, Bell M, Bello A, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Berhane A, Bernabé E, Betsu B, Beyene A, Bhala N, Bhansali A, Bhatt S, Biadgilign S, Bikbov B, Bisanzio D, Bjertness E, Blore J, Borschmann R, Boufous S, Bourne R, Brainin M, Brazinova A, Breitborde N, Brenner H, Broday D, Brugha T, Brunekreef B, Butt Z, Cahill L, Calabria B, Campos-Nonato I, Cárdenas R, Carpenter D, Carrero J, Casey D, Castañeda-Orjuela C, Rivas J, Castro R, Catalá-López F, Chang J, Chiang P, Chibalabala M, Chimed-Ochir O, Chisumpa V, Chitheer A, Choi J, Christensen H, Christopher D, Ciobanu L, Coates M, Colquhoun S, Manzano A, Cooper L, Cooperrider K, Cornaby L, Cortinovis M, Crump J, Cuevas-Nasu L, Damasceno A, Dandona R, Darby S, Dargan P, Neves J, Davis A, Davletov K, de Castro E, De la Cruz-Góngora V, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Del Gobbo L, del Pozo-Cruz B, Dellavalle R, Deribew A, Jarlais D, Dharmaratne S, Dhillon P, Diaz-Torné C, Dicker D, Ding E, Dorsey E, Doyle K, Driscoll T, Duan L, Dubey M, Duncan B, Elyazar I, Endries A, Ermakov S, Erskine H, Eshrati B, Esteghamati A, Fahimi S, Faraon E, Farid T, Farinha C, Faro A, Farvid M, Farzadfar F, Feigin V, Fereshtehnejad S, Fernandes J, Fischer F, Fitchett J, Fleming T, Foigt N, Foreman K, Fowkes F, Franklin R, Fürst T, Futran N, Gakidou E, Garcia-Basteiro A, Gebrehiwot T, Gebremedhin A, Geleijnse J, Gessner B, Giref A, Giroud M, Gishu M, Giussani G, Goenka S, Gomez-Cabrera M, Gomez-Dantes H, Gona P, Goodridge A, Gopalani S, Gotay C, Goto A, Gouda H, Gugnani H, Guillemin F, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gutiérrez R, Haagsma J, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haile D, Hailu G, Halasa Y, Hamadeh R, Hamidi S, Handal A, Hankey G, Hao Y, Harb H, Harikrishnan S, Haro J, Hassanvand M, Hassen T, Havmoeller R, Heredia-Pi I, Hernández-Llanes N, Heydarpour P, Hoek H, Hoffman H, Horino M, Horita N, Hosgood H, Hoy D, Hsairi M, Htet A, Hu G, Huang J, Husseini A, Hutchings S, Huybrechts I, Iburg K, Idrisov B, Ileanu B, Inoue M, Jacobs T, Jacobsen K, Jahanmehr N, Jakovljevic M, Jansen H, Jassal S, Javanbakht M, Jayaraman S, Jayatilleke A, Jee S, Jeemon P, Jha V, Jiang Y, Jibat T, Jin Y, Johnson C, Jonas J, Kabir Z, Kalkonde Y, Kamal R, Kan H, Karch A, Karema C, Karimkhani C, Kasaeian A, Kaul A, Kawakami N, Kazi D, Keiyoro P, Kemmer L, Kemp A, Kengne A, Keren A, Kesavachandran C, Khader Y, Khan A, Khan E, Khan G, Khang Y, Khatibzadeh S, Khera S, Khoja T, Khubchandani J, Kieling C, Kim C, Kim D, Kimokoti R, Kissoon N, Kivipelto M, Knibbs L, Kokubo Y, Kopec J, Koul P, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko M, Kromhout H, Krueger H, Ku T, Defo B, Kuchenbecker R, Bicer B, Kuipers E, Kumar G, Kwan G, Lal D, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Lan Q, Larsson A, Latif A, Lawrynowicz A, Leasher J, Leigh J, Leung J, Levi M, Li X, Li Y, Liang J, Liu S, Lloyd B, Logroscino G, Lotufo P, Lunevicius R, MacIntyre M, Mahdavi, Majdan M, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malta D, Manamo W, Mapoma C, Marcenes W, Martin R, Martinez-Raga J, Masiye F, Matsushita K, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi B, McGrath J, McKee M, Meaney P, Medina C, Mehari A, Mejia-Rodriguez F, Mekonnen A, Melaku Y, Memish Z, Mendoza W, Mensink G, Meretoja A, Meretoja T, Mesfin Y, Mhimbira F, Millear A, Miller T, Mills E, Mirarefin M, Misganaw A, Mock C, Mohammadi A, Mohammed S, Mola G, Monasta L, Hernandez J, Montico M, Morawska L, Mori R, Mozaffarian D, Mueller U, Mullany E, Mumford J, Murthy G, Nachega J, Naheed A, Nangia V, Nassiri N, Newton J, Ng M, Le Nguyen Q, Nisar M, Pete P, Norheim O, Norman R, Norrving B, Nyakarahuka L, Obermeyer C, Ogbo F, Oh I, Oladimeji O, Olivares P, Olsen H, Olusanya B, Olusanya J, Opio J, Oren E, Orozco R, Ortiz A, Ota E, Mahesh P, Pana A, Park E, Parry C, Parsaeian M, Patel T, Caicedo A, Patil S, Patten S, Patton G, Pearce N, Pereira D, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Petzold M, Phillips M, Piel F, Pillay J, Plass D, Polinder S, Pond C, Pope C, Pope D, Popova S, Poulton R, Pourmalek F, Prasad N, Qorbani M, Rabiee R, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman M, Rahman S, Kumar R, Rajsic S, Raju M, Ram U, Rana S, Ranganathan K, Rao P, García C, Refaat A, Rehm C, Rehm J, Reinig N, Remuzzi G, Resnikoff S, Ribeiro A, Rivera J, Roba H, Rodriguez A, Rodriguez-Ramirez S, Rojas-Rueda D, Roman Y, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rothenbacher D, Roy A, Saleh M, Sanabria J, Sanchez-Riera L, Sanchez-Niño M, Sánchez-Pimienta T, Sandar L, Santomauro D, Santos I, Sarmiento-Suarez R, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Savic M, Sawhney M, Schmidhuber J, Schmidt M, Schneider I, Schöttker B, Schutte A, Schwebel D, Scott J, Seedat S, Sepanlou S, Servan-Mori E, Shaddick G, Shaheen A, Shahraz S, Shaikh M, Levy T, Sharma R, She J, Sheikhbahaei S, Shen J, Sheth K, Shi P, Shibuya K, Shigematsu M, Shin M, Shiri R, Shishani K, Shiue I, Shrime M, Sigfusdottir I, Silva D, Silveira D, Silverberg J, Simard E, Sindi S, Singh A, Singh J, Singh P, Slepak E, Soljak M, Soneji S, Sorensen R, Sposato L, Sreeramareddy C, Stathopoulou V, Steckling N, Steel N, Stein D, Stein M, Stöckl H, Stranges S, Stroumpoulis K, Sunguya B, Swaminathan S, Sykes B, Szoeke C, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Takahashi K, Talongwa R, Tandon N, Tanne D, Tavakkoli M, Taye B, Taylor H, Tedla B, Tefera W, Tegegne T, Tekle D, Terkawi A, Thakur J, Thomas B, Thomas M, Thomson A, Thorne-Lyman A, Thrift A, Thurston G, Tillmann T, Tobe-Gai R, Tobollik M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Towbin J, Tran B, Dimbuene Z, Tsilimparis N, Tura A, Tuzcu E, Tyrovolas S, Ukwaja K, Undurraga E, Uneke C, Uthman O, van Donkelaar A, van Os J, Varakin Y, Vasankari T, Veerman J, Venketasubramanian N, Violante F, Vollset S, Wagner G, Waller S, Wang J, Wang L, Wang Y, Weichenthal S, Weiderpass E, Weintraub R, Werdecker A, Westerman R, Whiteford H, Wijeratne T, Wiysonge C, Wolfe C, Won S, Woolf A, Wubshet M, Xavier D, Xu G, Yadav A, Yakob B, Yalew A, Yano Y, Yaseri M, Ye P, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon S, Younis M, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zaki M, Zhu J, Zipkin B, Zodpey S, Zuhlke L, Murray C. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet 2016, 388: 1659-1724. PMID: 27733284, PMCID: PMC5388856, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31679-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAfrica South of the SaharaAfrica, NorthernAir Pollution, IndoorAlcohol DrinkingBiomarkersBlood GlucoseBody Mass IndexCholesterolCost of IllnessDisabled PersonsEnvironmental ExposureGlobal HealthHumansHypertensionLife ExpectancyMalnutritionMiddle EastOccupational ExposureQuality-Adjusted Life YearsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsRisk-TakingSmokingSodium, DietarySubstance-Related DisordersUnsafe SexConceptsHigher body mass indexBody mass indexSocio-demographic IndexAttributable DALYsPlasma glucoseHousehold air pollutionMetabolic riskGlobal burdenClusters of risksDrug useChildhood undernutritionAttributable burdenDALY ratesChildhood underweightRisk factorsStudy 2015National comparative risk assessmentRisk Factors Study 2015Risk-deleted DALY ratesHigher systolic blood pressureWorld Cancer Research FundRisk-outcome pairsSummary exposure valueComparative risk assessment frameworkDisease Study 2015Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Kassebaum N, Arora M, Barber R, Bhutta Z, Brown J, Carter A, Casey D, Charlson F, Coates M, Coggeshall M, Cornaby L, Dandona L, Dicker D, Erskine H, Ferrari A, Fitzmaurice C, Foreman K, Forouzanfar M, Fullman N, Gething P, Goldberg E, Graetz N, Haagsma J, Hay S, Johnson C, Kemmer L, Khalil I, Kinfu Y, Kutz M, Kyu H, Leung J, Liang X, Lim S, Lozano R, Mensah G, Mikesell J, Mokdad A, Mooney M, Naghavi M, Nguyen G, Nsoesie E, Pigott D, Pinho C, Rankin Z, Reinig N, Salomon J, Sandar L, Smith A, Sorensen R, Stanaway J, Steiner C, Teeple S, Troeger C, Truelsen T, VanderZanden A, Wagner J, Wanga V, Whiteford H, Zhou M, Zoeckler L, Abajobir A, Abate K, Abbafati C, Abbas K, Abd-Allah F, Abraham B, Abubakar I, Abu-Raddad L, Abu-Rmeileh N, Achoki T, Ackerman I, Adebiyi A, Adedeji I, Adsuar J, Afanvi K, Afshin A, Agardh E, Agarwal A, Agarwal S, Ahmed M, Kiadaliri A, Ahmadieh H, Akseer N, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam N, Aldhahri S, Alegretti M, Aleman A, Alemu Z, Alexander L, Ali R, Alkerwi A, Alla F, Allebeck P, Allen C, Alsharif U, Altirkawi K, Martin E, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare A, Amberbir A, Amegah A, Amini H, Ammar W, Amrock S, Anderson G, Anderson B, Antonio C, Anwari P, Ärnlöv J, Arsenijevic V, Artaman A, Asayesh H, Asghar R, Avokpaho E, Awasthi A, Quintanilla B, Azzopardi P, Bacha U, Badawi A, Balakrishnan K, Banerjee A, Barac A, Barker-Collo S, Bärnighausen T, Barregard L, Barrero L, Basu S, Bayou T, Beardsley J, Bedi N, Beghi E, Bell B, Bell M, Benjet C, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Berhane A, Bernabé E, Betsu B, Beyene A, Bhala N, Bhansali A, Bhatt S, Biadgilign S, Bienhoff K, Bikbov B, Abdulhak A, Biryukov S, Bisanzio D, Bjertness E, Blore J, Borschmann R, Boufous S, Bourne R, Brainin M, Brazinova A, Breitborde N, Brugha T, Buchbinder R, Buckle G, Butt Z, Calabria B, Campos-Nonato I, Campuzano J, Carabin H, Carapetis J, Cárdenas R, Carrero J, Castañeda-Orjuela C, Rivas J, Catalá-López F, Cavalleri F, Chang J, Chiang P, Chibalabala M, Chibueze C, Chisumpa V, Choi J, Choudhury L, Christensen H, Ciobanu L, Colistro V, Colomar M, Colquhoun S, Cortinovis M, Crump J, Damasceno A, Dandona R, Dargan P, das Neves J, Davey G, Davis A, Leo D, Degenhardt L, Gobbo L, Derrett S, Jarlais D, deVeber G, Dharmaratne S, Dhillon P, Ding E, Doyle K, Driscoll T, Duan L, Dubey M, Duncan B, Ebrahimi H, Ellenbogen R, Elyazar I, Endries A, Ermakov S, Eshrati B, Esteghamati A, Estep K, Fahimi S, Farid T, Farinha C, Faro A, Farvid M, Farzadfar F, Feigin V, Fereshtehnejad S, Fernandes J, Fernandes J, Fischer F, Fitchett J, Foigt N, Fowkes F, Franklin R, Friedman J, Frostad J, Fürst T, Futran N, Gabbe B, Gankpé F, Garcia-Basteiro A, Gebrehiwot T, Gebremedhin A, Geleijnse J, Gibney K, Gillum R, Ginawi I, Giref A, Giroud M, Gishu M, Giussani G, Godwin W, Gomez-Dantes H, Gona P, Goodridge A, Gopalani S, Gotay C, Goto A, Gouda H, Gugnani H, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gupta V, Gutiérrez R, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haile D, Hailu A, Hailu G, Halasa Y, Hamadeh R, Hamidi S, Hammami M, Handal A, Hankey G, Harb H, Harikrishnan S, Haro J, Hassanvand M, Hassen T, Havmoeller R, Hay R, Hedayati M, Heredia-Pi I, Heydarpour P, Hoek H, Hoffman D, Horino M, Horita N, Hosgood H, Hoy D, Hsairi M, Huang H, Huang J, Iburg K, Idrisov B, Innos K, Inoue M, Jacobsen K, Jauregui A, Jayatilleke A, Jeemon P, Jha V, Jiang G, Jiang Y, Jibat T, Jimenez-Corona A, Jin Y, Jonas J, Kabir Z, Kajungu D, Kalkonde Y, Kamal R, Kan H, Kandel A, Karch A, Karema C, Karimkhani C, Kasaeian A, Katibeh M, Kaul A, Kawakami N, Kazi D, Keiyoro P, Kemp A, Kengne A, Keren A, Kesavachandran C, Khader Y, Khan A, Khan E, Khang Y, Khoja T, Khubchandani J, Kieling C, Kim C, Kim D, Kim Y, Kissoon N, Kivipelto M, Knibbs L, Knudsen A, Kokubo Y, Kolte D, Kopec J, Koul P, Koyanagi A, Defo B, Kuchenbecker R, Bicer B, Kuipers E, Kumar G, Kwan G, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Larsson A, Latif A, Lavados P, Lawrynowicz A, Leasher J, Leigh J, Leung R, Li Y, Li Y, Lipshultz S, Liu P, Liu Y, Lloyd B, Logroscino G, Looker K, Lotufo P, Lucas R, Lunevicius R, Lyons R, Razek H, Mahdavi M, Majdan M, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malta D, Marcenes W, Martinez-Raga J, Masiye F, Mason-Jones A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi B, McGrath J, McKee M, Meaney P, Mehari A, Melaku Y, Memiah P, Memish Z, Mendoza W, Meretoja A, Meretoja T, Mesfin Y, Mhimbira F, Millear A, Miller T, Mills E, Mirarefin M, Mirrakhimov E, Mitchell P, Mock C, Mohammad K, Mohammadi A, Mohammed S, Monasta L, Hernandez J, Montico M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Mori R, Mueller U, Mumford J, Murdoch M, Murthy G, Nachega J, Naheed A, Naldi L, Nangia V, Newton J, Ng M, Ngalesoni F, Nguyen Q, Nisar M, Pete P, Nolla J, Norheim O, Norman R, Norrving B, Obermeyer C, Ogbo F, Oh I, Oladimeji O, Olivares P, Olusanya B, Olusanya J, Oren E, Ortiz A, Ota E, Oyekale A, PA M, Park E, Parsaeian M, Patten S, Patton G, Pedro J, Pereira D, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Petzold M, Phillips M, Piel F, Pillay J, Pishgar F, Plass D, Polinder S, Popova S, Poulton R, Pourmalek F, Prasad N, Qorbani M, Rabiee R, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rahimi K, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman M, Rahman S, Rai D, Rai R, Rajsic S, Raju M, Ram U, Ranganathan K, Refaat A, Reitsma M, Remuzzi G, Resnikoff S, Reynolds A, Ribeiro A, Ricci S, Roba H, Rojas-Rueda D, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roth G, Roy A, Sackey B, Sagar R, Sanabria J, Sanchez-Niño M, Santos I, Santos J, Sarmiento-Suarez R, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Savic M, Sawhney M, Schmidt M, Schneider I, Schutte A, Schwebel D, Seedat S, Sepanlou S, Servan-Mori E, Shahraz S, Shaikh M, Sharma R, She J, Sheikhbahaei S, Shen J, Sheth K, Shibuya K, Shigematsu M, Shin M, Shiri R, Sigfusdottir I, Silva D, Silverberg J, Simard E, Singh A, Singh J, Singh P, Skirbekk V, Skogen J, Soljak M, Søreide K, Sorensen R, Sreeramareddy C, Stathopoulou V, Steel N, Stein D, Stein M, Steiner T, Stovner L, Stranges S, Stroumpoulis K, Sunguya B, Sur P, Swaminathan S, Sykes B, Szoeke C, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tandon N, Tanne D, Tavakkoli M, Taye B, Taylor H, Ao B, Tegegne T, Tekle D, Terkawi A, Tessema G, Thakur J, Thomson A, Thorne-Lyman A, Thrift A, Thurston G, Tobe-Gai R, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Tran B, Truelsen T, Dimbuene Z, Tsilimbaris M, Tura A, Tuzcu E, Tyrovolas S, Ukwaja K, Undurraga E, Uneke C, Uthman O, van Gool C, van Os J, Vasankari T, Vasconcelos A, Venketasubramanian N, Violante F, Vlassov V, Vollset S, Wagner G, Wallin M, Wang L, Weichenthal S, Weiderpass E, Weintraub R, Werdecker A, Westerman R, Wijeratne T, Wilkinson J, Williams H, Wiysonge C, Woldeyohannes S, Wolfe C, Won S, Xu G, Yadav A, Yakob B, Yan L, Yano Y, Yaseri M, Ye P, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon S, Younis M, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zaki M, Zeeb H, Zodpey S, Zonies D, Zuhlke L, Vos T, Lopez A, Murray C. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet 2016, 388: 1603-1658. PMID: 27733283, PMCID: PMC5388857, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31460-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAge-standardised DALY ratesNon-communicable diseasesSocio-demographic IndexHealthy life expectancyDALY ratesDisease burdenYears of lifeGlobal burdenStudy 2015Risk Factors Study 2015Non-fatal disease burdenHealth lossDisease Study 2015Age 65 yearsLife expectancyCause-specific mortalityHealth system performanceAge-specific death ratesCause mortalityGlobal DALYsTotal DALYsProportion of lifeTotal disabilityEpidemiological patternsEpidemiological transitionMeasuring the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: a baseline analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Collaborators G, Lim S, Allen K, Bhutta Z, Dandona L, Forouzanfar M, Fullman N, Gething P, Goldberg E, Hay S, Holmberg M, Kinfu Y, Kutz M, Larson H, Liang X, Lopez A, Lozano R, McNellan C, Mokdad A, Mooney M, Naghavi M, Olsen H, Pigott D, Salomon J, Vos T, Wang H, Abajobir A, Abate K, Abbafati C, Abbas K, Abd-Allah F, Abdulle A, Abraham B, Abubakar I, Abu-Raddad L, Abu-Rmeileh N, Abyu G, Achoki T, Adebiyi A, Adedeji I, Afanvi K, Afshin A, Agarwal A, Agrawal A, Kiadaliri A, Ahmadieh H, Ahmed K, Akanda A, Akinyemi R, Akinyemiju T, Akseer N, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam U, Alasfoor D, AlBuhairan F, Aldhahri S, Aldridge R, Alemu Z, Ali R, Alkerwi A, Alkhateeb M, Alla F, Allebeck P, Allen C, Al-Raddadi R, Alsharif U, Altirkawi K, Martin E, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare A, Amberbir A, Amegah A, Amini H, Ammar W, Amrock S, Andersen H, Anderson B, Anderson G, Antonio C, Anwari P, Ärnlöv J, Artaman A, Asayesh H, Asghar R, Atique S, Avokpaho E, Awasthi A, Quintanilla B, Azzopardi P, Bacha U, Badawi A, Balakrishnan K, Banerjee A, Barac A, Barber R, Barker-Collo S, Bärnighausen T, Barrero L, Barrientos-Gutierrez T, Basu S, Bayou T, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Beardsley J, Bedi N, Beghi E, Béjot Y, Bell M, Bello A, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Benzian H, Berhane A, Bernabé E, Bernal O, Betsu B, Beyene A, Bhala N, Bhatt S, Biadgilign S, Bienhoff K, Bikbov B, Binagwaho A, Bisanzio D, Bjertness E, Blore J, Bourne R, Brainin M, Brauer M, Brazinova A, Breitborde N, Broday D, Brugha T, Buchbinder R, Butt Z, Cahill L, Campos-Nonato I, Campuzano J, Carabin H, Cárdenas R, Carrero J, Carter A, Casey D, Caso V, Castañeda-Orjuela C, Rivas J, Catalá-López F, Cavalleri F, Cecílio P, Chang H, Chang J, Charlson F, Che X, Chen A, Chiang P, Chibalabala M, Chisumpa V, Choi J, Chowdhury R, Christensen H, Ciobanu L, Cirillo M, Coates M, Coggeshall M, Cohen A, Cooke G, Cooper C, Cooper L, Cowie B, Crump J, Damtew S, Dandona R, Dargan P, Neves J, Davis A, Davletov K, de Castro E, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Del Gobbo L, Deribe K, Derrett S, Jarlais D, Deshpande A, deVeber G, Dey S, Dharmaratne S, Dhillon P, Ding E, Dorsey E, Doyle K, Driscoll T, Duan L, Dubey M, Duncan B, Ebrahimi H, Endries A, Ermakov S, Erskine H, Eshrati B, Esteghamati A, Fahimi S, Farid T, Farinha C, Faro A, Farvid M, Farzadfar F, Feigin V, Felicio M, Fereshtehnejad S, Fernandes J, Fernandes J, Ferrari A, Fischer F, Fitchett J, Fitzmaurice C, Foigt N, Foreman K, Fowkes F, Franca E, Franklin R, Fraser M, Friedman J, Frostad J, Fürst T, Gabbe B, Garcia-Basteiro A, Gebre T, Gebrehiwot T, Gebremedhin A, Gebru A, Gessner B, Gillum R, Ginawi I, Giref A, Giroud M, Gishu M, Giussani G, Godwin W, Gona P, Goodridge A, Gopalani S, Gotay C, Goto A, Gouda H, Graetz N, Greenwell K, Griswold M, Gugnani H, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gupta V, Gutiérrez R, Gyawali B, Haagsma J, Haakenstad A, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haile D, Hailu G, Halasa Y, Hamadeh R, Hamidi S, Hammami M, Hankey G, Harb H, Haro J, Hassanvand M, Havmoeller R, Heredia-Pi I, Hoek H, Horino M, Horita N, Hosgood H, Hoy D, Htet A, Hu G, Huang H, Iburg K, Idrisov B, Inoue M, Islami F, Jacobs T, Jacobsen K, Jahanmehr N, Jakovljevic M, James P, Jansen H, Javanbakht M, Jayaraman S, Jayatilleke A, Jee S, Jeemon P, Jha V, Jiang Y, Jibat T, Jin Y, Jonas J, Kabir Z, Kalkonde Y, Kamal R, Kan H, Kandel A, Karch A, Karema C, Karimkhani C, Karunapema P, Kasaeian A, Kassebaum N, Kaul A, Kawakami N, Kayibanda J, Keiyoro P, Kemmer L, Kemp A, Kengne A, Keren A, Kesavachandran C, Khader Y, Khan A, Khan E, Khan G, Khang Y, Khoja T, Khosravi A, Khubchandani J, Kieling C, Kim C, Kim D, Kim S, Kim Y, Kimokoti R, Kissoon N, Kivipelto M, Knibbs L, Kokubo Y, Kolte D, Kosen S, Kotsakis G, Koul P, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko M, Krueger H, Defo B, Kuchenbecker R, Kuipers E, Kulikoff X, Kulkarni V, Kumar G, Kwan G, Kyu H, Lal A, Lal D, Lalloo R, Lam H, Lan Q, Langan S, Larsson A, Laryea D, Latif A, Leasher J, Leigh J, Leinsalu M, Leung J, Leung R, Levi M, Li Y, Li Y, Lind M, Linn S, Lipshultz S, Liu P, Liu S, Liu Y, Lloyd B, Lo L, Logroscino G, Lotufo P, Lucas R, Lunevicius R, Razek M, Magis-Rodriguez C, Mahdavi, Majdan M, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malta D, Mapoma C, Margolis D, Martin R, Martinez-Raga J, Masiye F, Mason-Jones A, Massano J, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi B, McGrath J, McKee M, Meaney P, Mehari A, Mekonnen A, Melaku Y, Memiah P, Memish Z, Mendoza W, Mensink G, Meretoja A, Meretoja T, Mesfin Y, Mhimbira F, Micha R, Miller T, Mills E, Mirarefin M, Misganaw A, Mitchell P, Mock C, Mohammadi A, Mohammed S, Monasta L, de la Cruz Monis J, Hernandez J, Montico M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morawska L, Mori R, Mueller U, Murdoch M, Murimira B, Murray J, Murthy G, Murthy S, Musa K, Nachega J, Nagel G, Naidoo K, Naldi L, Nangia V, Neal B, Nejjari C, Newton C, Newton J, Ngalesoni F, Nguhiu P, Nguyen G, Le Nguyen Q, Nisar M, Pete P, Nolte S, Nomura M, Norheim O, Norrving B, Obermeyer C, Ogbo F, Oh I, Oladimeji O, Olivares P, Olusanya B, Olusanya J, Opio J, Oren E, Ortiz A, Osborne R, Ota E, Owolabi M, Mahesh P, Park E, Park H, Parry C, Parsaeian M, Patel T, Patel V, Caicedo A, Patil S, Patten S, Patton G, Paudel D, Pedro J, Pereira D, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Petzold M, Phillips M, Piel F, Pillay J, Pinho C, Pishgar F, Polinder S, Poulton R, Pourmalek F, Qorbani M, Rabiee R, Radfar A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman M, Rahman S, Kumar R, Rajsic S, Raju M, Ram U, Rana S, Ranabhat C, Ranganathan K, Rao P, Refaat A, Reitsma M, Remuzzi G, Resnikoff S, Ribeiro A, Blancas M, Roba H, Roberts B, Rodriguez A, Rojas-Rueda D, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roth G, Rothenbacher D, Roy A, Roy N, Sackey B, Sagar R, Saleh M, Sanabria J, Santos J, Santomauro D, Santos I, Sarmiento-Suarez R, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Savic M, Sawhney M, Sawyer S, Schmidhuber J, Schmidt M, Schneider I, Schutte A, Schwebel D, Seedat S, Sepanlou S, Servan-Mori E, Shackelford K, Shaheen A, Shaikh M, Levy T, Sharma R, She J, Sheikhbahaei S, Shen J, Sheth K, Shey M, Shi P, Shibuya K, Shigematsu M, Shin M, Shiri R, Shishani K, Shiue I, Sigfusdottir I, Silpakit N, Silva D, Silverberg J, Simard E, Sindi S, Singh A, Singh G, Singh J, Singh O, Singh P, Skirbekk V, Sligar A, Soneji S, Søreide K, Sorensen R, Soriano J, Soshnikov S, Sposato L, Sreeramareddy C, Stahl H, Stanaway J, Stathopoulou V, Steckling N, Steel N, Stein D, Steiner C, Stöckl H, Stranges S, Strong M, Sun J, Sunguya B, Sur P, Swaminathan S, Sykes B, Szoeke C, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabb K, Talongwa R, Tarawneh M, Tavakkoli M, Taye B, Taylor H, Tedla B, Tefera W, Tegegne T, Tekle D, Shifa G, Terkawi A, Tessema G, Thakur J, Thomson A, Thorne-Lyman A, Thrift A, Thurston G, Tillmann T, Tobe-Gai R, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Tran B, Truelsen T, Dimbuene Z, Tura A, Tuzcu E, Tyrovolas S, Ukwaja K, Undurraga E, Uneke C, Uthman O, van Donkelaar A, Varakin Y, Vasankari T, Vasconcelos A, Veerman J, Venketasubramanian N, Verma R, Violante F, Vlassov V, Volkow P, Vollset S, Wagner G, Wallin M, Wang L, Wanga V, Watkins D, Weichenthal S, Weiderpass E, Weintraub R, Weiss D, Werdecker A, Westerman R, Whiteford H, Wilkinson J, Wiysonge C, Wolfe C, Wolfe I, Won S, Woolf A, Workie S, Wubshet M, Xu G, Yadav A, Yakob B, Yalew A, Yan L, Yano Y, Yaseri M, Ye P, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon S, Younis M, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zaki M, Zambrana-Torrelio C, Zapata T, Zegeye E, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Zodpey S, Zonies D, Murray C. Measuring the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: a baseline analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet 2016, 388: 1813-1850. PMID: 27665228, PMCID: PMC5055583, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31467-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth-related Sustainable Development GoalsHealth-related indicatorsGlobal burdenStudy 2015Risk Factors Study 2015Disease Study 2015Hepatitis B incidenceSocio-demographic IndexChildhood overweightNeonatal mortalityTuberculosis incidenceMelinda Gates FoundationMinimal improvementModern contraceptionHealth improvementModerate improvementBaseline analysisMortalityIncidenceGates FoundationBurdenBest predictorMinimal changesSpline regressionGeometric mean