Trajectory of beta cell function and insulin clearance in stage 2 type 1 diabetes: natural history and response to teplizumab
Galderisi A, Sims E, Evans-Molina C, Petrelli A, Cuthbertson D, Nathan B, Ismail H, Herold K, Moran A. Trajectory of beta cell function and insulin clearance in stage 2 type 1 diabetes: natural history and response to teplizumab. Diabetologia 2024, 1-16. PMID: 39560746, DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06323-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchProgrammed death-1AUC C-peptideSlow progressorsRapid progressorsInsulin secretionInsulin clearanceC-peptideDisease-free survival ratesT effector memory cellsCD8+ T effector memory cellsNatural historyImpact of immunotherapyPlacebo-treated individualsT memory cellsBaseline insulin secretionBeta cell functionInterpreting clinical trialsLoss of insulin secretionDeath-1Elevated insulin secretionPlacebo-treatedTreatment armsTeplizumabClinical trialsDisposition indexEarly Metabolic Endpoints Identify Persistent Treatment Efficacy in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Immunotherapy Trials.
Jacobsen L, Cuthbertson D, Bundy B, Atkinson M, Moore W, Haller M, Russell W, Gitelman S, Herold K, Redondo M, Sims E, Wherrett D, Moran A, Pugliese A, Gottlieb P, Sosenko J, Ismail H. Early Metabolic Endpoints Identify Persistent Treatment Efficacy in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Immunotherapy Trials. Diabetes Care 2024, 47: 1048-1055. PMID: 38621411, PMCID: PMC11294635, DOI: 10.2337/dc24-0171.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsC-peptide area-under-the-curveArea under the curveC-peptideRecent-onset type 1 diabetesTreatment efficacyEarly-phase clinical trialsC-peptide preservationPrimary end pointB cell functionDetect treatment efficacyType 1 diabetesPost hoc analysisRandomized controlled trialsImmune therapyImmunotherapy trialsMonths posttherapyClinical trialsTreatment effectsEnd pointsMetabolic indicesHoc analysisControlled trialsType 1 diabetes trialsMetabolic endpointsIntervention trialsEvidence for C-Peptide as a Validated Surrogate to Predict Clinical Benefits in Trials of Disease-Modifying Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes.
Latres E, Greenbaum C, Oyaski M, Dayan C, Colhoun H, Lachin J, Skyler J, Rickels M, Ahmed S, Dutta S, Herold K, Marinac M. Evidence for C-Peptide as a Validated Surrogate to Predict Clinical Benefits in Trials of Disease-Modifying Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2024, 73: 823-833. PMID: 38349844, DOI: 10.2337/dbi23-0012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBeta cell functionType 1 diabetesMeasures of beta cell functionDisease-modifying therapiesC-peptideTrials of disease-modifying therapiesClinical benefitCell functionDestruction of pancreatic beta cellsStimulated C-peptideC-peptide levelsEnd-organ complicationsProspective cohort studyAssociated with protectionEnd-organ complications of diabetesChronic autoimmune diseaseClinically meaningful outcomesClinical outcome measuresComplications of diabetesClinical trials of disease-modifying therapiesBeta cell preservationDemonstration of efficacyPancreatic beta cellsPeripheral bloodAutoimmune diseasesComparisons of Metabolic Measures to Predict T1D vs Detect a Preventive Treatment Effect in High-Risk Individuals
Sims E, Cuthbertson D, Jacobsen L, Ismail H, Nathan B, Herold K, Redondo M, Sosenko J. Comparisons of Metabolic Measures to Predict T1D vs Detect a Preventive Treatment Effect in High-Risk Individuals. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2024, 109: 2116-2123. PMID: 38267821, PMCID: PMC11244203, DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae048.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSix-month changesPrevention trialsC-peptidePredicting diabetesMetabolic endpointsPreventive treatment effectsMetabolic measuresEffect of disease-modifying therapiesProportional hazards regressionTreatment effectsResponse to immunotherapyMeasurement of glucoseNatural history studiesPrevention StudyHazards regressionInclusion criteriaDisease-modifying therapiesT1D prevention trialsComparing placeboTreatment armsTeplizumabTrialNet PathwayHigh riskDetect treatment effectsCombined glucose