2021
Genetic diversity of the North African population revealed by the typing of SNPs in the DRD2/ANKK1 genomic region
Mestiri S, Boussetta S, Pakstis AJ, Elkamel S, Elgaaied ABA, Kidd KK, Cherni L. Genetic diversity of the North African population revealed by the typing of SNPs in the DRD2/ANKK1 genomic region. Gene 2021, 777: 145466. PMID: 33524518, DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145466.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAfrica, NorthernAllelesBlack PeopleEthnicityFemaleGene FrequencyGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic VariationGenomicsGenotypeGenotyping TechniquesHaplotypesHeterozygoteHuman MigrationHumansLinkage DisequilibriumMaleMiddle AgedPolymorphism, Single NucleotideProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesReceptors, Dopamine D2ConceptsNorth African populationsGenetic diversitySingle nucleotide polymorphismsGenetic structureAncestral gene poolPeculiar genetic structureLowest average heterozygosityNorth African onesAfrican populationsHigh linkage disequilibriumGenetic driftGenomic regionsAverage heterozygosityGene poolSame locusLinkage disequilibriumDisequilibrium analysisGenetic componentGenesNucleotide polymorphismsLociReceptor geneDiversityHuman populationEuropean populations
2004
The Genetic Architecture of Selection at the Human Dopamine Receptor D4 (DRD4) Gene Locus
Wang E, Ding Y, Flodman P, Kidd J, Kidd K, Grady D, Ryder O, Spence M, Swanson J, Moyzis R. The Genetic Architecture of Selection at the Human Dopamine Receptor D4 (DRD4) Gene Locus. American Journal Of Human Genetics 2004, 74: 931-944. PMID: 15077199, PMCID: PMC1181986, DOI: 10.1086/420854.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLittle linkage disequilibriumHuman dopamine receptor D4 genePolymorphic sitesDNA sequence organizationMost polymorphic sitesPatterns of recombinationObserved LD patternRare mutational eventsDRD4 locusGenetic architectureHaplotype diversityPositive selectionMore polymorphismsSequence organizationGene locusTandem repeatsMutational eventsLD patternsLinkage disequilibriumDopamine receptor D4 geneLociPhysiological differencesSame alleleReceptor variantsAlleles
2000
Haplotype Evolution and Linkage Disequilibrium: A Simulation Study
Calafell F, Grigorenko E, Chikanian A, Kidd K. Haplotype Evolution and Linkage Disequilibrium: A Simulation Study. Human Heredity 2000, 51: 85-96. PMID: 11096275, DOI: 10.1159/000022963.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTransmission/Disequilibrium Tests Using Multiple Tightly Linked Markers
Zhao H, Zhang S, Merikangas K, Trixler M, Wildenauer D, Sun F, Kidd K. Transmission/Disequilibrium Tests Using Multiple Tightly Linked Markers. American Journal Of Human Genetics 2000, 67: 936-946. PMID: 10968775, PMCID: PMC1287895, DOI: 10.1086/303073.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1999
Tandem duplication polymorphism upstream of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4)
Seaman M, Fisher J, Chang F, Kidd K. Tandem duplication polymorphism upstream of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4). American Journal Of Medical Genetics 1999, 88: 705-709. PMID: 10581493, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19991215)88:6<705::aid-ajmg22>3.0.co;2-f.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAllelesAnimalsCodon, InitiatorConsensus SequenceDatabases, FactualEvolution, MolecularGene FrequencyGenetic VariationGorilla gorillaHumansPan troglodytesPolymorphism, GeneticPongo pygmaeusReceptors, Dopamine D2Receptors, Dopamine D4Response ElementsSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidTandem Repeat SequencesTranscription FactorsNo Association Between DRD2 Locus and Alcoholism After Controlling the ADH and ALDH Genotypes in Chinese Han Population
Lee J, Lu R, Ko H, Chang F, Yin S, Pakstis A, Kidd K. No Association Between DRD2 Locus and Alcoholism After Controlling the ADH and ALDH Genotypes in Chinese Han Population. Alcohol Clinical And Experimental Research 1999, 23: 592-599. PMID: 10235293, DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04159.x.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1998
A global survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus
Kidd K, Morar B, Castiglione C, Zhao H, Pakstis A, Speed W, Bonne-Tamir B, Lu R, Goldman D, Lee C, Nam Y, Grandy D, Jenkins T, Kidd J. A global survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus. Human Genetics 1998, 103: 211-227. PMID: 9760208, DOI: 10.1007/s004390050809.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEvolution of a D2 Dopamine Receptor Intron Within the Great Apes and Humans
Deinard A, Kidd K. Evolution of a D2 Dopamine Receptor Intron Within the Great Apes and Humans. Mitochondrial DNA Part A 1998, 8: 289-301. PMID: 10993600, DOI: 10.3109/10425179809034074.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDenaturing Gradient Gel ElectrophoresisGenetic variationComparative phylogenetic analysisDNA sequence variationSequence comparative analysisCross-species comparisonsGreat apesEvolutionary relationshipsGradient gel electrophoresisPhylogenetic analysisGeographical rangeSequence variationPygmy chimpanzeesCommon chimpanzeesDNA sequencingDirect DNA sequencingIntronsGel electrophoresisSpeciesChimpanzeesApesSequencingComparative analysisHumansVariation
1997
Rapid molecular haplotyping of the first exon of the human dopamine D4 receptor gene by heteroduplex analysis
Chang F, Kidd K. Rapid molecular haplotyping of the first exon of the human dopamine D4 receptor gene by heteroduplex analysis. American Journal Of Medical Genetics 1997, 74: 91-94. PMID: 9034013, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19970221)74:1<91::aid-ajmg18>3.0.co;2-m.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1996
DRD2 Haplotypes Containing the TaqI A1 Allele: Implications for Alcoholism Research
Kidd K, Pakstis A, Castiglione C, Kidd J, Speed W, Goldman D, Knowler W, Lu R, Bonne‐Tamir B. DRD2 Haplotypes Containing the TaqI A1 Allele: Implications for Alcoholism Research. Alcohol Clinical And Experimental Research 1996, 20: 697-705. PMID: 8800387, DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01674.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAlcoholismAllelesAnimalsChromosome MappingDeoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-SpecificEthnicityGene FrequencyGenetics, PopulationHaplotypesHumansPolymerase Chain ReactionPolymorphism, GeneticPolymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthReceptors, Dopamine D2Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic AcidResearchConceptsGenetic variationAssociation studiesUnrelated control samplesDopamine D2 receptor locusDiversity of haplotypesShort tandem repeat polymorphismsDRD2 locusEvolutionary historyRestriction fragment length polymorphismPopulation geneticsPhylogenetic originFragment length polymorphismAncestral originReceptor locusHomologous regionsIntron 2LociAllelic systemHigher primatesHaplotypesTandem repeat polymorphismAllelesConsiderable diversityDRD2 haplotypesPolymorphismThe world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus
Chang F, Kidd J, Livak K, Pakstis A, Kidd K. The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus. Human Genetics 1996, 98: 91-101. PMID: 8682515, DOI: 10.1007/s004390050166.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImperfect tandem repeatsAllele frequenciesDifferent populationsActual allele frequenciesDopamine D4 receptor locusSelective forcesEvolutionary significanceWorld-wide distributionAssociation studiesReceptor locusTandem repeatsThird exonBase pairsAmino acidsFunctional relevanceRepeatsReceptor geneAllelesLociModern humansPolymorphismD4 receptor geneDopamine D4 receptor geneRepeat polymorphismExonsNo association between alcoholism and multiple polymorphisms at the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) in three distinct taiwanese populations
Lu R, Ko H, Chang F, Castiglione C, Schoolfield G, Pakstis A, Kidd J, Kidd K. No association between alcoholism and multiple polymorphisms at the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) in three distinct taiwanese populations. Biological Psychiatry 1996, 39: 419-429. PMID: 8679787, DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00182-4.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1993
Alleles at the dopamine D4 receptor locus do not contribute to the genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia in a large Swedish kindred
Barr C, Kennedy J, Lichter J, Van Tol H, Wetterberg L, Livak K, Kidd K. Alleles at the dopamine D4 receptor locus do not contribute to the genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia in a large Swedish kindred. American Journal Of Medical Genetics 1993, 48: 218-222. PMID: 8135305, DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320480409.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChromosome 11p15.5Receptor geneImperfect direct repeatsDopamine D4 receptor locusD4 receptor geneTyrosine hydroxylase locusDopamine D4 receptor geneSingle haplotypeFirst intronSequence variationCandidate genesG nucleotidesDirect repeatsReceptor locusGenetic markersThird exonLinkage analysisPolymorphic markersGenetic susceptibilityGenesLociClose linkageDRD4 locusAllelesRepeatsPopulation frequencies of the A1 allele at the dopamine D2 receptor locus
Barr C, Kidd K. Population frequencies of the A1 allele at the dopamine D2 receptor locus. Biological Psychiatry 1993, 34: 204-209. PMID: 8399816, DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(93)90073-m.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchA hypervariable segment in the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene
Lichter J, Barr C, Kennedy J, Van Tol H, Kidd K, Livak K. A hypervariable segment in the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene. Human Molecular Genetics 1993, 2: 767-773. PMID: 8353495, DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.6.767.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman dopamine receptor D4 geneAmino acid sequenceThird cytoplasmic loopNumber of repeatsPutative third cytoplasmic loopFunctional proteinsCytoplasmic loopAcid sequenceRepeat regionDifferent repeatsHypervariable segmentDifferent haplotypesRepeatsDopamine receptor D4 geneUnrelated chromosomesNovel polymorphismsD4 geneGenesProteinHuman dopamine D4 receptorPolymorphic variantsSequencePolymorphismChromosomesReceptors
1991
A Hindi RFLP In the human D4 dopamine receptor locus (DRD4)
Kennedy J, Sidenberg D, Van Tol H, Kidd K. A Hindi RFLP In the human D4 dopamine receptor locus (DRD4). Nucleic Acids Research 1991, 19: 5801-5801. PMID: 1682888, PMCID: PMC329013, DOI: 10.1093/nar/19.20.5801.Peer-Reviewed Original Research