1992
Fetal Cardiovascular Physiology and Therapy
Kleinman C, Copel J. Fetal Cardiovascular Physiology and Therapy. Fetal Diagnosis And Therapy 1992, 7: 147-157. PMID: 1503650, DOI: 10.1159/000263663.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsFetal cardiovascular physiologyFetal lamb modelHuman fetal heartSurgical interventionFetal heartLamb modelCardiovascular physiologyFetal cardiovascular malformationsFetal ductus arteriosusFetal cardiovascular systemVentricular filling characteristicsFetal cardiac developmentSystolic reserveVentricular afterloadDuctus arteriosusThird trimesterForamen ovaleNeonatal periodVentricular hypoplasiaFetal lambsShunt flowPrenatal interventionTimely therapyCardiovascular malformationsHuman fetuses
1990
Does the umbilical artery systolic/diastolic ratio reflect flow or acidosis? An umbilical artery Doppler study of fetal sheep
Copel J, Schlafer D, Wentworth R, Belanger K, Kreitzer L, Hobbins J, Nathanielsz P. Does the umbilical artery systolic/diastolic ratio reflect flow or acidosis? An umbilical artery Doppler study of fetal sheep. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 1990, 163: 751-756. PMID: 2206067, DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)91062-h.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystolic/diastolic ratioUmbilical artery systolic/diastolic ratioDiastolic ratioFetal sheepNormal systolic/diastolic ratioUmbilical artery Doppler studiesArterial blood gas levelsBlood gas levelsAcid-base statusArtery embolizationFetal oxygenationPlacental perfusionMaternal anesthesiaPlacental embolizationAcute modelDoppler studiesThird injectionUmbilical flowFourth injectionSubsequent embolizationDays gestationFirst injectionSecond injectionEmbolizationGreater magnitude change