Intracellular Chloride Accumulation and Subcellular Elemental Distribution During Atrial Fibrillation
Akar JG, Everett TH, Ho R, Craft J, Haines DE, Somlyo AP, Somlyo AV. Intracellular Chloride Accumulation and Subcellular Elemental Distribution During Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation 2003, 107: 1810-1815. PMID: 12665494, DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000058462.23347.93.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEffective refractory periodLeft atrial appendageAtrial fibrillationMitochondrial Ca overloadWhole-cell ClWhole-cell NaIntracellular chloride accumulationIntracellular Cl- accumulationSinus rhythmAtrial appendageCa overloadElectrical remodelingAF pathogenesisRapid pacingRefractory periodTransient increaseTransverse cryosectionsMembrane depolarizationFibrillationNovel findingsCytosolic CaCytoplasmic CaConcomitant increaseIon channelsMinutes