2024
The Mental Health of Sexual Minority Individuals: Five Explanatory Theories and Their Implications for Intervention and Future Research.
Pachankis J, Clark K. The Mental Health of Sexual Minority Individuals: Five Explanatory Theories and Their Implications for Intervention and Future Research. Annual Review Of Clinical Psychology 2024 PMID: 39621422, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081423-022014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSexual minority individualsMinority individualsSexual minority peopleSexual minority populationsSexual orientation disparitiesMental healthMinority peopleHistorical legacyMental health problemsOrientation disparitiesLegacy of researchMinority populationsExplanatory theoryDisparitiesTheoretical explanationSingular causeEtiological perspectiveHealth problemsAgendaFuture researchResearchStressors and symptoms explaining sexual orientation inequalities in mental health services usage: A longitudinal study with young adults
Pachankis J, Bränström R, Roxo L. Stressors and symptoms explaining sexual orientation inequalities in mental health services usage: A longitudinal study with young adults. European Journal Of Public Health 2024, 34: ckae144.401. PMCID: PMC11516426, DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae144.401.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSexual minority individualsMinority-specific stressorsMinority individualsMental health symptomsMental health service useMental health servicesHealth service useSexual orientationHealth symptomsHealth servicesService useSexual orientation inequalitiesSexual orientation differencesNegative family reactionsMental health service usagePopulation-based sample of young adultsSexual minoritiesHealth service usageMinority stressPopulation-based sampleHelp-seeking behaviorSample of young adultsYoung adultsFamily reactionsLogistic regression modelsSexual Orientation Microaggression Rating Scale (SOMRS): Development and Association With Alliance Ruptures
Sergi J, Babl A, Warren J, Pachankis J, Eubanks C. Sexual Orientation Microaggression Rating Scale (SOMRS): Development and Association With Alliance Ruptures. Psychotherapy 2024, 61: 191-197. PMID: 39115920, PMCID: PMC11315359, DOI: 10.1037/pst0000536.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSexual minority clientsWithdrawal rupturesMinority clientsRating ScaleIn-session behaviorCognitive behavioral treatmentGood interrater reliabilitySexual orientation microaggressionsSexual minority individualsAlliance rupturesTherapeutic allianceBehavioral treatmentSessions of treatmentReducing depressionSubstance useSelf-reportObservational measuresMinority individualsInterrater reliabilityMicroaggressionsBisexual menSexual orientationSessionsClientsAnxietySexual Orientation Differences in age of First Treatment for a Mental Health Diagnosis: A Population-based Study of Childhood and Adolescence
Bränström R, Pachankis J. Sexual Orientation Differences in age of First Treatment for a Mental Health Diagnosis: A Population-based Study of Childhood and Adolescence. Journal Of The American Academy Of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2024 PMID: 39098721, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.07.916.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSexual orientation differencesSexual orientation disparitiesMental health diagnosesOrientation disparitiesSwedish National Public Health SurveyInternalizing disorder diagnosesPopulation-based studySexual minority identitySexual minority individualsHealth diagnosisNational Public Health SurveyNeurodevelopmental disorder diagnosisStudies of childhoodHeterosexual identityNational health care registriesDisorder diagnosisMinority identityMinority individualsPublic health surveyHealth care registriesOrientation differencesPopulation-based sampleBenefits of interventionsLikelihood of treatmentHealth SurveyGuided internet-based LGBTQ-affirmative cognitive-behavioral therapy: A randomized controlled trial among sexual minority men in China
Yi M, Li X, Chiaramonte D, Sun S, Pan S, Soulliard Z, Eisenstadt B, Ljótsson B, Hagaman A, Pachankis J. Guided internet-based LGBTQ-affirmative cognitive-behavioral therapy: A randomized controlled trial among sexual minority men in China. Behaviour Research And Therapy 2024, 181: 104605. PMID: 39029333, PMCID: PMC11371497, DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104605.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInternet-based CBTCognitive-behavioral therapySexual minority menSocial-cognitive mechanismsYoung sexual minority menMinority stressMinority menSession completionBehavioral healthSexual minority individualsModeration analysisAlcohol useMinority individualsMental healthInternalized stigmaFollow-upStigma experiencesRandomized controlled trialsSessionsTreatment efficacySecondary outcomesControlled trialsPrimary outcomeAffirmative supportHealthThreats to social safety and neuro-inflammatory mechanisms underlying sexual orientation disparities in depression symptom severity: A prospective cohort study of young adults
Bränström R, Hatzenbuehler M, Lattanner M, Hollinsaid N, McDade T, Pachankis J. Threats to social safety and neuro-inflammatory mechanisms underlying sexual orientation disparities in depression symptom severity: A prospective cohort study of young adults. Brain Behavior And Immunity 2024, 119: 211-219. PMID: 38548185, DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.036.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDepressive symptom severitySexual minoritiesChronically elevated inflammationInterpersonal eventsRisk of depressionDepressive symptomsSocial safetySymptom severityElevated inflammationSocial Signal Transduction Theory of DepressionSexual minority individualsElevated risk of depressionSexual orientation disparitiesHeterosexual young adultsChronic inflammationTheory of depressionCohort study of young adultsPopulation-based evidencePre-registered analysesStudy of young adultsSevere depressive symptomsYoung adultsNationally representative sampleProspective cohort studySexual orientationPromoting Resilience to Improve Disordered Eating (PRIDE): A case series of an eating disorder treatment for sexual minority individuals
Brown T, Klimek‐Johnson P, Siegel J, Convertino A, Douglas V, Pachankis J, Blashill A. Promoting Resilience to Improve Disordered Eating (PRIDE): A case series of an eating disorder treatment for sexual minority individuals. International Journal Of Eating Disorders 2024, 57: 648-660. PMID: 38279188, DOI: 10.1002/eat.24150.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchED symptomsEating disordersSM individualsED treatmentEnhanced cognitive behaviour therapyED diagnosisCognitive behavioral therapyStress reactionsActive control conditionEating disorder treatmentSexual orientation concealmentSexual minoritiesSexual minority individualsCase seriesFollow-upCBT-EBehavioral therapyBody dissatisfactionDisorder treatmentDisordered eatingPreliminary efficacy resultsWeekly sessionsAssociated with improvementsMixed-methods studyClinical impairment
2023
Age-Varying Sexual Orientation Disparities in Mental Health, Treatment Utilization, and Social Stress: A Population-Based Study
Bränström R, Fellman D, Pachankis J. Age-Varying Sexual Orientation Disparities in Mental Health, Treatment Utilization, and Social Stress: A Population-Based Study. Psychology Of Sexual Orientation And Gender Diversity 2023, 10: 686-698. DOI: 10.1037/sgd0000572.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNational health care registriesHealth care registriesSexual orientation disparitiesCare registriesRisk of exposureMental healthHigh-risk alcohol useOrientation disparitiesHealth Survey 2018Population-based surveySymptoms of depressionMental health problemsSocial stressSocial stressorsSexual minority individualsHeterosexual individualsTreatment utilizationElevated riskAge 70Age patterningHealth problemsAge groupsMinority individualsAlcohol useDepressionSelf-Schemas and Information Processing Biases as Mechanisms Underlying Sexual Orientation Disparities in Depressive Symptoms: Results From a Longitudinal, Population-Based Study
Bränström R, Pachankis J, Jin J, Klein D, Hatzenbuehler M. Self-Schemas and Information Processing Biases as Mechanisms Underlying Sexual Orientation Disparities in Depressive Symptoms: Results From a Longitudinal, Population-Based Study. Journal Of Psychopathology And Clinical Science 2023, 132: 681-693. PMID: 37326561, PMCID: PMC10524885, DOI: 10.1037/abn0000823.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInformation processing biasesProcessing biasesNegative wordsSelf-schemaDepressive symptomsCognitive risk factorsSelf-report measuresSexual minoritiesSexual minority individualsSexual orientation disparitiesOrientation disparitiesPotential intervention targetsCognitive mechanismsBehavioral tasksCross-sectional designIntervention targetsMinority individualsProspective associationsWordsYoung adultsHeterosexual individualsReaction timeWave 2BiasesNonprobability sampleSocial Anxiety Across Sexual and Gender Identity Subpopulations
Mahon C, Pachankis J, Kiernan G, Gallagher P. Social Anxiety Across Sexual and Gender Identity Subpopulations. Annals Of LGBTQ Public And Population Health 2023, 4: 26-41. DOI: 10.1891/lgbtq-2020-0017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCisgender womenCisgender menSexual minority sampleGay/lesbianGender minority populationsSexual minority individualsSexual identity subgroupsGender identity groupsSexual minority adultsRepublic of IrelandNon-binary individualsIdentity groupsIdentity labelsMinority individualsMental health experiencesSexual minority mental healthMinority adultsHealth experiencesMinority populationsIdentity subgroupsMinority mental healthOnline surveyDiverse groupLesbiansMental healthA Model for Adapting Evidence-Based Interventions to Be LGBQ-Affirmative: Putting Minority Stress Principles and Case Conceptualization Into Clinical Research and Practice
Pachankis J, Soulliard Z, Morris F, van Dyk I. A Model for Adapting Evidence-Based Interventions to Be LGBQ-Affirmative: Putting Minority Stress Principles and Case Conceptualization Into Clinical Research and Practice. Cognitive And Behavioral Practice 2023, 30: 1-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2021.11.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCase conceptualizationSexual minority clientsClient presentationsMinority stressAdaptation modelMinority clientsCognitive-behavioral treatmentCognitive behavioral therapySexual minority individualsMental health fieldCoping skillsCurrent distressClinical trialsTranstheoretical approachMental healthMinority individualsConceptualization approachAffirmative practiceFuture researchConceptualizationEvidence-based practiceTherapeutic techniquesReal-world clinical practiceCase exampleDiverse therapeutic modalities
2022
A Developmental Model of the Sexual Minority Closet: Structural Sensitization, Psychological Adaptations, and Post-closet Growth
Pachankis JE, Jackson SD. A Developmental Model of the Sexual Minority Closet: Structural Sensitization, Psychological Adaptations, and Post-closet Growth. Archives Of Sexual Behavior 2022, 52: 1869-1895. PMID: 35978203, PMCID: PMC9935753, DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02381-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDevelopmental modelSexual minority identity formationSexual minority individualsMental health effectsPsychological adaptationVicarious learningSources of supportTemporal contextFuture research directionsSensitive periodMinority individualsCentral identityIdentity formationSexual identityMultilevel interventionsSexual orientationResearch directionsTestable hypothesesOrientation awarenessAdolescenceStressorsLearningIdentityClosetIndividuals
2021
Social Anxiety Among Sexual Minority Individuals: A Systematic Review
Mahon C, Lombard-Vance R, Kiernan G, Pachankis J, Gallagher P. Social Anxiety Among Sexual Minority Individuals: A Systematic Review. Psychology And Sexuality 2021, 13: 818-862. DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2021.1936140.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSocial anxiety symptomsSexual minority individualsSocial anxietyAnxiety symptomsMinority individualsPsychological interventionsHigher social anxiety symptomsSocial anxiety levelsSexual minority populationsMinority stress processesMental health symptomsGeneral social processesPsychological concernsHealth symptomsStress processAnxiety levelsAnxietyBisexual individualsLesbian individualsSexual minority menSocial processesSexual minority subgroupsQualitative findingsMinority subgroupsEmpirical literatureRisk and Protective Factors for Social Anxiety Among Sexual Minority Individuals
Mahon CP, Pachankis JE, Kiernan G, Gallagher P. Risk and Protective Factors for Social Anxiety Among Sexual Minority Individuals. Archives Of Sexual Behavior 2021, 50: 1015-1032. PMID: 33398699, DOI: 10.1007/s10508-020-01845-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSocial anxietySexual minority individualsLGBTQ community connectednessMinority stress processesExperiences of discriminationRejection sensitivitySexual minority womenMinority individualsConcealment behaviorStress processPsychological mediation frameworkStructural equation modeling analysisCommunity connectednessProximal minority stressMinority stress theoryTerms of implicationsSources of resilienceCisgender sexual minority womenSense of coherenceSexual minority communitiesHypothesized modelMediation frameworkMinority stressAnxietyInternalized homonegativity
2019
The role of country-level structural stigma on sexual orientation disclosure and discrimination in health care settings among lesbian, gay, and bisexuals across Europe
Bränström R, Pachankis J. The role of country-level structural stigma on sexual orientation disclosure and discrimination in health care settings among lesbian, gay, and bisexuals across Europe. European Journal Of Public Health 2019, 29: ckz185.467. DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.467.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUntethered lives: barriers to societal integration as predictors of the sexual orientation disparity in suicidality
Bränström R, van der Star A, Pachankis JE. Untethered lives: barriers to societal integration as predictors of the sexual orientation disparity in suicidality. Social Psychiatry And Psychiatric Epidemiology 2019, 55: 89-99. PMID: 31300892, DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01742-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildCommunity IntegrationCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionFemaleHealth Status DisparitiesHeterosexualityHumansMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioRisk FactorsSexual and Gender MinoritiesSexual BehaviorSocial SupportSubstance-Related DisordersSuicidal IdeationSuicide, AttemptedSwedenYoung AdultConceptsSexual orientation disparitiesSocietal integrationSexual minoritiesOrientation disparitiesGay men/lesbiansNational Public Health SurveyLGB individuals' experiencesSexual orientation differencesSexual minority populationsSexual minority individualsSocial institutionsSexual orientationSocietal normsHeterosexual individualsDisproportionate barriersMinority individualsSupportive attitudesIndividual experiencesMinority populationsLegal protectionInnovative waysDeterminants of suicidalityRecent decadesRole of barriersPublic health surveyPrevalence of Psychiatric Disorders at the Intersection of Race and Sexual Orientation: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III
Rodriguez-Seijas C, Eaton NR, Pachankis JE. Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders at the Intersection of Race and Sexual Orientation: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III. Journal Of Consulting And Clinical Psychology 2019, 87: 321-331. PMID: 30883161, DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000377.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrevalence of disordersDisorder prevalenceRace/ethnicityLow prevalenceMental healthMinority mental healthPrevalence of psychopathologySubstance use disordersNational Epidemiologic SurveyRelated Conditions-IIISexual minority individualsSimilar prevalenceSexual minority statusHigh prevalencePsychiatric disordersUse disordersEpidemiologic SurveyEthnic minority mental healthMinority individualsPrevalenceProtective factorsSimilar findingsMinority statusDisordersWhite individualsTransdiagnostic Approaches to Improve Sexual Minority Individuals’ Co-occurring Mental, Behavioral, and Sexual Health
Rodriguez-Seijas C, Burton C, Pachankis J. Transdiagnostic Approaches to Improve Sexual Minority Individuals’ Co-occurring Mental, Behavioral, and Sexual Health. 2019, 457-476. DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190669300.003.0020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCurrent clinical trialsCo-Occurring MentalPsychosocial health outcomesMental health servicesSubstance use disordersMultiple co-occurring conditionsCo-occurring conditionsEvidence-based approachClinical trialsTherapeutic approachesElevated riskUse disordersSexual minority menHealth outcomesSexual healthHealth servicesTreatment programSexual minority womenMinority individualsSexual minority individualsMinority womenTransdiagnostic approachMinority menIllustrative case examplesGender minority individuals
2017
Psychotherapy for the Spectrum of Sexual Minority Stress: Application and Technique of the ESTEEM Treatment Model
Burton CL, Wang K, Pachankis JE. Psychotherapy for the Spectrum of Sexual Minority Stress: Application and Technique of the ESTEEM Treatment Model. Cognitive And Behavioral Practice 2017, 26: 285-299. PMID: 31592215, PMCID: PMC6779338, DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2017.05.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNegative psychosocial health outcomesPsychosocial health outcomesRisk factorsTherapeutic principlesHealth outcomesSubstance useMinority stressPsychoeducation contentTherapeutic modelTreatment modelSexual minority stressEvidence pointsMinority stress processesTransdiagnostic mechanismsOutcomesSexual minority individualsEarly stages
2014
Toward Formulating Evidence-Based Principles of LGB-Affirmative Psychotherapy.
Proujansky RA, Pachankis JE. Toward Formulating Evidence-Based Principles of LGB-Affirmative Psychotherapy. Pragmatic Case Studies In Psychotherapy 2014, 10: 117-131. PMID: 26617475, PMCID: PMC4662552, DOI: 10.14713/pcsp.v10i2.1854.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSexual minority clientsMinority stressMinority clientsSexual minority individualsMental health problemsEmotion awarenessStress cognitionHealthy identitySkillful approachMental health impactMinority stressorsPsychotherapy principlesTreatment approachesSupportive relationshipsMental healthSubstance abuseEvidence-based principlesMinority individualsUnique strengthsClinical expert consensusInternalized homophobiaEmpirical researchRecent attemptsSpecific principlesGay men