2021
STRONG STAR and the Consortium to Alleviate PTSD: Shaping the future of combat PTSD and related conditions in military and veteran populations
Peterson AL, Young-McCaughan S, Roache JD, Mintz J, Litz BT, Williamson DE, Resick PA, Foa EB, McGeary DD, Dondanville KA, Taylor DJ, Wachen JS, Fox PT, Bryan CJ, McLean CP, Pruiksma KE, Yarvis JS, Niles BL, Abdallah CG, Averill LA, Back SE, Baker MT, Blount TH, Borah AM, Borah EV, Brock MS, Brown LA, Burg MM, Cigrang JA, DeBeer BB, DeVoe ER, Fina BA, Flanagan JC, Fredman SJ, Gardner CL, Gatchel RR, Goodie JL, Gueorguieva R, Higgs JB, Jacoby VM, Kelly KM, Krystal JH, Lapiz-Bluhm MD, López-Roca AL, Marx BP, Maurer DM, McDevitt-Murphy ME, McGeary CA, Meyer EC, Miles SR, Monson CM, Morilak DA, Moring JC, Mysliwiec V, Nicholson KL, Rauch SAM, Riggs DS, Rosen CS, Rudd MD, Schobitz RP, Schrader CC, Shinn AM, Shiroma PR, Sloan DM, Stern SL, Strong R, Vannoy SD, Young KA, Keane TM. STRONG STAR and the Consortium to Alleviate PTSD: Shaping the future of combat PTSD and related conditions in military and veteran populations. Contemporary Clinical Trials 2021, 110: 106583. PMID: 34600107, PMCID: PMC11392039, DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106583.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderCombat posttraumatic stress disorderVeterans AffairsCombat-related posttraumatic stress disorderPublic health advancesPsychological healthVA National CenterResearch ConsortiumVeteran populationRelated conditionsStress disorderHealth advancesNational InstituteTrauma-related researchMilitary personnelPreventionTreatmentInvestigatorsNational CenterHealthDepartmentCollaborative research modelDiagnosis
2019
Neural computations of threat in the aftermath of combat trauma
Homan P, Levy I, Feltham E, Gordon C, Hu J, Li J, Pietrzak RH, Southwick S, Krystal JH, Harpaz-Rotem I, Schiller D. Neural computations of threat in the aftermath of combat trauma. Nature Neuroscience 2019, 22: 470-476. PMID: 30664770, PMCID: PMC6829910, DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0315-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPTSD symptomsPost-traumatic stress disorder symptomsHigher PTSD symptom severityThreat-predictive cuesPTSD symptom severityAssociative threatPredictive cuesNeural trackingDisorder symptomsPrediction errorCombat veteransDynamic learning rateNegative outcomesCombat traumaSmaller amygdala volumesNeural computationLatent markersSymptomatic veteransSymptom severityAmygdala volumeAssociabilityCuesLearning rateVeteransSymptoms
2016
Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the US Veteran Population According to DSM-5: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.
Wisco BE, Marx BP, Miller MW, Wolf EJ, Mota NP, Krystal JH, Southwick SM, Pietrzak RH. Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the US Veteran Population According to DSM-5: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. The Journal Of Clinical Psychiatry 2016, 77: 1503-1510. PMID: 27631148, DOI: 10.4088/jcp.15m10188.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAfghan Campaign 2001-AgedCohort StudiesCombat DisordersComorbidityCross-Sectional StudiesDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHealth SurveysHumansIraq War, 2003-2011Life Change EventsMaleMental DisordersMiddle AgedResilience, PsychologicalStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSurveys and QuestionnairesVeteransYoung AdultConceptsProbable posttraumatic stress disorderDSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorderPosttraumatic stress disorderUS veteran populationPsychiatric comorbidityUS veteransNational HealthVeteran populationVeterans StudyStress disorderPTSD symptomsOdds of moodHigh public health burdenPublic health burdenPopulation-based samplePast-month prevalenceDSM-5Specific PTSD symptomsHigh rateWeighted lifetimeNew symptomsHealth burdenLow prevalencePsychiatric disordersPTSD Checklist-5Sleep disturbance in chronic military-related PTSD: clinical impact and response to adjunctive risperidone in the Veterans Affairs cooperative study #504.
Krystal JH, Pietrzak RH, Rosenheck RA, Cramer JA, Vessicchio J, Jones KM, Huang GD, Vertrees JE, Collins J, Krystal AD. Sleep disturbance in chronic military-related PTSD: clinical impact and response to adjunctive risperidone in the Veterans Affairs cooperative study #504. The Journal Of Clinical Psychiatry 2016, 77: 483-91. PMID: 26890894, DOI: 10.4088/jcp.14m09585.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPittsburgh Sleep Quality IndexClinician-Administered PTSD ScaleChronic military-related posttraumatic stress disorderMilitary-related posttraumatic stress disorderPosttraumatic stress disorderSleep disturbancesSleep qualityAdjunctive risperidonePTSD symptom severitySymptom severityDSM-IV-TR Axis I DisordersSecond-generation antipsychotic risperidoneVeterans Affairs Cooperative StudySF-36 v.Placebo-controlled trialTotal PSQI scoreMental health subscaleMulticenter clinical trialSleep Quality IndexStructured Clinical InterviewAxis I DisordersSeverity of nightmaresQuality of lifeMixed model regressionPartial responders
2014
Symptom structure and severity: A comparison of responses to the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) between patients with PTSD or schizophrenia
Stefanovics EA, Krystal JH, Rosenheck RA. Symptom structure and severity: A comparison of responses to the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) between patients with PTSD or schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2014, 55: 887-895. PMID: 24602497, DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.01.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntipsychotic AgentsChronic DiseaseCombat DisordersDiagnosis, DifferentialDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychometricsRisperidoneSchizophreniaSchizophrenic PsychologyStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticVeteransYoung AdultConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderNegative Syndrome ScaleSyndrome ScalePTSD samplePlacebo-controlled trialPsychosis-related factorsClinical trial patientsClinical Antipsychotic TrialsT-testSchizophrenia sampleExploratory factor analysisSymptoms of schizophreniaMilitary-related post-traumatic stress disorderSymptom structureAdjunctive risperidoneTrial patientsTraumatic Stress DisorderAntipsychotic TrialsSecondary data analysisSevere symptomsIndependent factorsDepressive factorsPatientsSymptom ratingsStress disorder
1998
Measurement of dissociative states with the Clinician‐Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS)
Bremner J, Krystal J, Putnam F, Southwick S, Marmar C, Charney D, Mazure C. Measurement of dissociative states with the Clinician‐Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS). Journal Of Traumatic Stress 1998, 11: 125-136. PMID: 9479681, DOI: 10.1023/a:1024465317902.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1997
Elevated CSF corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder
Bremner JD, Licinio J, Darnell A, Krystal JH, Owens MJ, Southwick SM, Nemeroff CB, Charney DS. Elevated CSF corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal Of Psychiatry 1997, 154: 624-629. PMID: 9137116, PMCID: PMC3233756, DOI: 10.1176/ajp.154.5.624.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCorticotropin-releasing factorPost-traumatic stress disorderCSF CRF concentrationsCSF concentrationsComparison subjectsCRF concentrationsPTSD patientsCorticotropin-releasing factor concentrationsStress disorderCSF somatostatin concentrationsChronic combat-related post-traumatic stress disorderCollection of CSFCombat-related post-traumatic stress disorderPosttraumatic stress disorderLumbar punctureSomatostatin concentrationsNeurotransmitter systemsPatientsVietnam combat veteransChronic stressFactor concentrationsLevel of significanceGroup differencesCombat veteransSomatostatin
1995
Effects of the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil in PTSD
Randall P, Bremner J, Krystal J, Nagy L, Heninger G, Nicolaou A, Charney D. Effects of the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil in PTSD. Biological Psychiatry 1995, 38: 319-324. PMID: 7495926, DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(94)00306-n.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVisual analogue rating scaleAdministration of flumazenilAnxiety symptomsCrossover study designBenzodiazepine antagonist flumazenilGABAA receptor complexBenzodiazepine/GABAA receptor complexPanic disorder patientsAnalogue rating scalesFlumazenil administrationPTSD Symptom ScaleIntravenous infusionAntagonist flumazenilGABAA antagonistHealthy controlsClinical studiesDisorder patientsSymptom ScaleFlumazenilPanic disorderPanic attacksVietnam combat veteransStudy designRating ScalePTSD symptomsYohimbine facilitated acoustic startle in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder
Morgan CA, Grillon C, Southwick SM, Nagy LM, Davis M, Krystal JH, Charney DS. Yohimbine facilitated acoustic startle in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychopharmacology 1995, 117: 466-471. PMID: 7604149, DOI: 10.1007/bf02246220.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcoustic startle reflexRandomized double-blind placebo-controlled designCombat controlsDouble-blind placebo-controlled designAlpha-2 receptor antagonistEffects of yohimbinePlacebo-controlled designHealthy human controlsCombat veteransPost-traumatic stress disorderSevere stress resultsHealthy combat controlsInstantaneous rise timeSaline placeboCardiovascular effectsExcitatory effectsNeuronal reactivityNoradrenergic functionReceptor antagonistClinical studiesAcoustic startleYohimbinePTSD patientsPTSD subjectsNeurochemical basis
1994
Psychobiologic Research in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Southwick S, Bremner D, Krystal J, Charney D. Psychobiologic Research in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Psychiatric Clinics Of North America 1994, 17: 251-264. PMID: 7937357, DOI: 10.1016/s0193-953x(18)30112-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeurobiologic responsesCentral nervous system depressantsCentral catecholamine functionPeripheral nervous systemPost-traumatic stress disorderSymptoms of hyperarousalSevere psychological traumaCatecholamine functionOriginal insultNoradrenergic systemMultiple symptomsDevastating disorderEffective treatmentNervous systemPTSD patientsBiologic underpinningsStress-induced changesStress disorderPhysical healthBrain imagingBiologic responseDisordersPatientsPsychological disordersPTSD
1988
Biological Mechanisms in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Relevance for Substance Abuse
Kosten T, Krystal J. Biological Mechanisms in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Relevance for Substance Abuse. Recent Developments In Alcoholism 1988, 6: 49-68. PMID: 3283864, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7718-8_3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBrainCombat DisordersEndorphinsHumansNorepinephrineStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSubstance-Related DisordersConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderSubstance abuseHuman studiesEndogenous opioid systemCentral catecholaminesOpioid systemBrain catecholaminesEmotional response modelsTherapeutic approachesAnimal studiesSignificant biological contributionStress disorderNonhuman primatesBehavioral correlatesCatecholaminesRelevant animalBiological mechanismsRecent studiesAbuseIndirect measureSyndromeIncidenceStudy
1971
Trauma: considerations of its intensity and chronicity.
Krystal H. Trauma: considerations of its intensity and chronicity. International Psychiatry Clinics 1971, 8: 11-28. PMID: 5148247.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdaptation, PsychologicalAdolescentAdultAffectAggressionAnxietyAssociationChild DevelopmentCombat DisordersFantasyHumansMental DisordersPerceptionPrisonsPsychoanalytic TheoryPsychosexual DevelopmentRegression, PsychologyStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticStress, PhysiologicalUnconscious, PsychologyWar Crimes