Methadone patients exhibit increased startle and cortisol response after intravenous yohimbine
Stine S, Grillon C, Morgan III C, Kosten T, Charney D, Krystal J. Methadone patients exhibit increased startle and cortisol response after intravenous yohimbine. Psychopharmacology 2001, 154: 274-281. PMID: 11351934, DOI: 10.1007/s002130000644.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMethadone-maintained patientsAcoustic startle responseCortisol levelsMethadone patientsMHPG levelsAnalysis of covarianceLower baseline plasma levelsStartle responseBaseline plasma cortisol levelsOpioid agonist maintenanceBrain noradrenergic systemCortisol serum levelsDouble-blind fashionBaseline plasma levelsMethadone-maintained subjectsWithdrawal-like symptomsPlasma cortisol levelsPrevious reportsIntravenous yohimbineMethadone effectsOpioid withdrawalSerum levelsNoradrenergic mechanismsOpioid dependenceYohimbine effect