2013
Associations of Prenatal Nicotine Exposure and the Dopamine Related Genes ANKK1 and DRD2 to Verbal Language
Eicher JD, Powers NR, Cho K, Miller LL, Mueller KL, Ring SM, Tomblin JB, Gruen JR. Associations of Prenatal Nicotine Exposure and the Dopamine Related Genes ANKK1 and DRD2 to Verbal Language. PLOS ONE 2013, 8: e63762. PMID: 23691092, PMCID: PMC3655151, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063762.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrenatal nicotine exposureANKK1/DRD2Nicotine exposureNicotine dependenceDose-response fashionAvon Longitudinal StudyCase-control cohortAssociation of markersPrenatal environmental factorsPrenatal nicotineLanguage impairmentLanguage tasksNeurobehavioral disordersEtiological determinantsNeural circuitsUtero developmentLongitudinal studyDRD2Communication disordersRiskRelated pathwaysAssociationExposureDisordersANKK1
2012
Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine and Impaired Reading Performance
Cho K, Frijters JC, Zhang H, Miller LL, Gruen JR. Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine and Impaired Reading Performance. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2012, 162: 713-718.e2. PMID: 23122624, PMCID: PMC3577994, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.09.041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSchool-aged childrenPrenatal nicotine exposureSkill outcomesAge childrenLongitudinal studyPotential mediatorsNicotine exposureSkills of childrenPhonological deficitPrenatal exposureRisk of underperformanceReading performanceSingle wordsAvon Longitudinal StudyLongitudinal samplePoor performanceLarge associationsNegative associationChildrenAreas of speedParentsSpellingFluencyNicotineComprehension