1988
Elevated CSF dynorphin A [1–8] in Tourette's syndrome
Leckman JF, Riddle MA, Berrettini WH, Anderson GM, Hardin M, Chappell P, Bissette G, Nemeroff CB, Goodman WK, Cohen DJ. Elevated CSF dynorphin A [1–8] in Tourette's syndrome. Life Sciences 1988, 43: 2015-2023. PMID: 2463450, DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(88)90575-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsDynorphinsHomovanillic AcidHumansHydroxyindoleacetic AcidMethoxyhydroxyphenylglycolPeptide FragmentsReference ValuesTourette SyndromeTryptophanTyrosineConceptsPathobiology of TSTourette syndromeNeuroanatomic distributionEndogenous opioidsNeuropathological studiesObsessive-compulsive disorderPrevalence of TSBehavioral effectsPost-mortem brain studiesPathophysiology of TSGilles de la Tourette's syndromeCentral dopaminergic neuronsRecent neuropathological studiesLevels of dynorphinSevere Tourette syndromeBasal ganglia structuresChronic neuropsychiatric disorderLa Tourette's syndromeCentral monoaminergicCSF dynorphinElevated CSFStriatal fibersCSF studiesDopaminergic neuronsBasal ganglia
1982
Clonidine in the treatment of Tourette syndrome: a review of data.
Leckman JF, Cohen DJ, Detlor J, Young JG, Harcherik D, Shaywitz BA. Clonidine in the treatment of Tourette syndrome: a review of data. Advances In Neurology 1982, 35: 391-401. PMID: 6756089.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTS patientsLong-term symptomatic improvementPathophysiology of TSDouble-blind trialEfficacy of clonidineMinority of patientsGrowth hormone releasePrimary pathogenic importanceMinimal side effectsSymptomatic improvementBlood pressureProfile of responseNoradrenergic mechanismsMHPG levelsTherapeutic responseHormone releaseClonidinePathogenic importanceAcute dosesSide effectsTourette syndromeBehavioral symptomsPharmacologic investigationsNeurochemical systemsPatients
1981
Induction of rapid mood cycling during L-dopa treatment in a bipolar patient
Ko GN, Leckman JF, Heninger GR. Induction of rapid mood cycling during L-dopa treatment in a bipolar patient. American Journal Of Psychiatry 1981, 138: 1624-1625. PMID: 7304798, DOI: 10.1176/ajp.138.12.1624.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBipolar DisorderDose-Response Relationship, DrugDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansLevodopaMethoxyhydroxyphenylglycolMiddle Aged