2018
Efficacy and Safety of Deep Brain Stimulation in Tourette Syndrome: The International Tourette Syndrome Deep Brain Stimulation Public Database and Registry
Martinez-Ramirez D, Jimenez-Shahed J, Leckman JF, Porta M, Servello D, Meng FG, Kuhn J, Huys D, Baldermann JC, Foltynie T, Hariz MI, Joyce EM, Zrinzo L, Kefalopoulou Z, Silburn P, Coyne T, Mogilner AY, Pourfar MH, Khandhar SM, Auyeung M, Ostrem JL, Visser-Vandewalle V, Welter ML, Mallet L, Karachi C, Houeto JL, Klassen BT, Ackermans L, Kaido T, Temel Y, Gross RE, Walker HC, Lozano AM, Walter BL, Mari Z, Anderson WS, Changizi BK, Moro E, Zauber SE, Schrock LE, Zhang JG, Hu W, Rizer K, Monari EH, Foote KD, Malaty IA, Deeb W, Gunduz A, Okun MS. Efficacy and Safety of Deep Brain Stimulation in Tourette Syndrome: The International Tourette Syndrome Deep Brain Stimulation Public Database and Registry. JAMA Neurology 2018, 75: 353-359. PMID: 29340590, PMCID: PMC5885852, DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.4317.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDeep brain stimulationGlobus pallidus internusTourette syndromeDBS implantationBrain stimulationAdverse eventsOutcome of DBSSafety of DBSYale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) scoresPosterior globus pallidus internusOverall adverse event rateYale Global Tic Severity ScaleStimulation-induced adverse effectsMedically refractory symptomsImportant adverse eventsAdverse event ratesRefractory Tourette syndromeSeverity Scale scoreTic Severity ScaleSelf-injurious behaviorRefractory symptomsSymptomatic improvementIntracranial hemorrhageObsessive-compulsive disorderInternal capsule
2005
Altered parvalbumin-positive neuron distribution in basal ganglia of individuals with Tourette syndrome
Kalanithi PS, Zheng W, Kataoka Y, DiFiglia M, Grantz H, Saper CB, Schwartz ML, Leckman JF, Vaccarino FM. Altered parvalbumin-positive neuron distribution in basal ganglia of individuals with Tourette syndrome. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2005, 102: 13307-13312. PMID: 16131542, PMCID: PMC1201574, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0502624102.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTourette syndromeNeuron distributionCalcium-binding protein parvalbuminNeuron numberT subjectsLower neuron numberGlobus pallidus pars externaParvalbumin-positive interneuronsTotal neuron numberUnbiased stereological techniquesChildhood neuropsychiatric disordersBasal ganglia tissueGABAergic neuronsGPi neuronsBasal gangliaCortico-striatoGlobus pallidusProtein parvalbuminThalamic circuitryGanglion tissueVocal ticsNormal controlsPutamen volumePars externaImaging studies
2003
Basal Ganglia Volumes in Patients With Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome
Peterson BS, Thomas P, Kane MJ, Scahill L, Zhang H, Bronen R, King RA, Leckman JF, Staib L. Basal Ganglia Volumes in Patients With Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome. JAMA Psychiatry 2003, 60: 415-424. PMID: 12695320, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.60.4.415.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBasal ganglia volumesBasal gangliaCaudate nucleus volumeTourette syndromeGanglia volumesObsessive-compulsive disorderLenticular nucleus volumesTic symptomsNucleus volumeGilles dePathophysiology of TSPrior neuroleptic exposureHealthy control subjectsSeverity of ticsComorbid obsessive-compulsive disorderGreat clinical relevanceAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomsHyperactivity disorder symptomsRepeated-measures analysisNeuroleptic exposureControl subjectsFunctional disturbancesTrait abnormalityClinical relevanceGanglia
2000
Preliminary Findings of Antistreptococcal Antibody Titers and Basal Ganglia Volumes in Tic, Obsessive-compulsive, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders
Peterson BS, Leckman JF, Tucker D, Scahill L, Staib L, Zhang H, King R, Cohen DJ, Gore JC, Lombroso P. Preliminary Findings of Antistreptococcal Antibody Titers and Basal Ganglia Volumes in Tic, Obsessive-compulsive, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders. JAMA Psychiatry 2000, 57: 364-372. PMID: 10768698, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.57.4.364.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBasal ganglia volumesAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderAntistreptococcal antibody titersObsessive-compulsive disorderAntibody titersGanglia volumesStreptococcal infectionAntistreptococcal antibodiesPreliminary serological evidencePrior streptococcal infectionRecurrent streptococcal infectionsHyperactivity disorderPresence of ADHDBasal ganglia nucleiHigh antibody titersGlobus pallidus nucleusDSM-IV diagnosisStreptococcal exposurePallidus nucleusAntistreptolysin OOCD comorbiditySerological evidenceSusceptible personsTic disordersDiagnostic comorbidity