2024
Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Stereotypical Movement Disorders and Tic Disorders
Vitulano L, Vitulano M, King R, Yazgan M, Leckman J. Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Stereotypical Movement Disorders and Tic Disorders. 2024, 1685-1707. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51366-5_45.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDevelopmental coordination disorderStereotypic movement disorderTic disordersCoordination disorderMotor skillsBest practice assessmentsNeurodevelopmental disorder groupMotor disordersMovement disordersSelf-bitingHead bangingNeurobiological disorderMotor behaviorHand flappingDisordersPractical assessmentEarly-onsetNonrhythmic movementsChildrenGroup of conditionsJerking movementsMagnetic resonance imaging techniquesSkillsIndividuals
2023
Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Stereotypical Movement Disorders and Tic Disorders
Vitulano L, Vitulano M, King R, Yazgan M, Leckman J. Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Stereotypical Movement Disorders and Tic Disorders. 2023, 1-23. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42825-9_45-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchStereotypic movement disorderTic disordersDevelopmental coordination disorderMovement disordersMotor disordersCoordination disorderMotor skillsNeurodevelopmental disorder groupMagnetic resonance imaging techniquesBest practice assessmentHead bangingHand flappingNeurobiological disorderDisorder groupMotor behaviorDisordersNonrhythmic movementsSuch childrenPractice assessmentUnwanted attentionChildrenImaging techniquesSkillsYearsRecurrent
2022
Tourette's Syndrome: When Habit-Forming Systems Form Habits of Their Own?
Leckman J, Riddlet M. Tourette's Syndrome: When Habit-Forming Systems Form Habits of Their Own? 2022, 153-158. DOI: 10.4324/9780203822937-15.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPhenomenology of Tics and Sensory Urges
Leckman J, Bloch M, Sukhodolsky D, Artukoğlu B, Scahill L, King R. Phenomenology of Tics and Sensory Urges. 2022, 6-25. DOI: 10.1093/med/9780197543214.003.0002.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2020
Empiric Recurrence Risk Estimates for Chronic Tic Disorders: Implications for Genetic Counseling
Heiman GA, Rispoli J, Seymour C, Leckman JF, King RA, Fernandez TV. Empiric Recurrence Risk Estimates for Chronic Tic Disorders: Implications for Genetic Counseling. Frontiers In Neurology 2020, 11: 770. PMID: 32849224, PMCID: PMC7432137, DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00770.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchChronic tic disorderRecurrence risk estimatesTic disordersRecurrence riskTourette's disorderRisk estimatesNeuropsychiatric disordersPopulation-based family studyGenetic counselingFirst-degree relativesQuality of lifeFamily studiesVocal ticsPopulation prevalenceFamilial recurrence riskSuch counselingGenetic testingDisordersRiskCounselingEmpiric recurrence riskGenetic variantsRange of risksHeterogeneous genetic architectureComorbiditiesAn examination of the relationship between regulatory T cells and symptom flare-ups in children and adolescents diagnosed with chronic tic disorder and Tourette syndrome
Yildirim Z, Karabekiroglu K, Yildiran A, Celiksoy MH, Artukoglu B, Baykal S, Babadağı Z, Leckman J. An examination of the relationship between regulatory T cells and symptom flare-ups in children and adolescents diagnosed with chronic tic disorder and Tourette syndrome. Nordic Journal Of Psychiatry 2020, 75: 18-24. PMID: 32580599, DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2020.1779808.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTS/chronic tic disorderChronic tic disorderSex-matched healthy controlsModerate-severe groupHealthy controlsLymphocyte countTourette syndromeLymphocyte percentagePatient groupTic disordersHC groupControl groupT-helper lymphocyte countYale Global Tic Severity ScaleT helper (TH) (CD4) numberT-lymphocyte countsT lymphocyte numbersT-lymphocyte percentageRegulatory T cellsT cell valuesTic Severity ScaleTreg percentageChildhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorderLymphocyte numbersPhonic tics
2018
A multicenter examination and strategic revisions of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale
McGuire JF, Piacentini J, Storch EA, Murphy TK, Ricketts EJ, Woods DW, Walkup JW, Peterson AL, Wilhelm S, Lewin AB, McCracken JT, Leckman JF, Scahill L. A multicenter examination and strategic revisions of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. Neurology 2018, 90: e1711-e1719. PMID: 29653992, PMCID: PMC5952973, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005474.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTic symptom severityTic scoreTIC numbersYale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) scoresSymptom severityYale Global Tic Severity ScaleYGTSS total tic scoreTotal tic scoreSimilar clinical characteristicsInternal consistencySeverity Scale scoreCross-sectional studyTic Severity ScaleDelphi consensus processClinical characteristicsPhonic ticsTic disordersMulticenter examinationImpairment scoresGood internal consistencySeverity ScaleScale scoreSymptom ChecklistDiagnostic InterviewStrong internal consistency
2017
Differential binding of antibodies in PANDAS patients to cholinergic interneurons in the striatum
Frick L, Rapanelli M, Jindachomthong K, Grant P, Leckman JF, Swedo S, Williams K, Pittenger C. Differential binding of antibodies in PANDAS patients to cholinergic interneurons in the striatum. Brain Behavior And Immunity 2017, 69: 304-311. PMID: 29233751, PMCID: PMC5857467, DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.12.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGroup A beta-hemolytic streptococciCholinergic interneuronsPediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder AssociatedNeuropsychiatric Disorder AssociatedStriatal cholinergic interneuronsStriatum of miceBeta-hemolytic streptococciBrain antigensPANDAS patientsIntravenous immunoglobulinStriatal interneuronsNeuropsychiatric symptomsObsessive-compulsive disorderSymptom improvementGABAergic interneuronsClinical trialsHealthy controlsDisorders AssociatedTic disordersChildhood onsetInterneuronsLocus of pathologyElevated bindingAntibodiesStriatumA total-population multigenerational family clustering study of autoimmune diseases in obsessive–compulsive disorder and Tourette’s/chronic tic disorders
Mataix-Cols D, Frans E, Pérez-Vigil A, Kuja-Halkola R, Gromark C, Isomura K, Fernández de la Cruz L, Serlachius E, Leckman JF, Crowley JJ, Rück C, Almqvist C, Lichtenstein P, Larsson H. A total-population multigenerational family clustering study of autoimmune diseases in obsessive–compulsive disorder and Tourette’s/chronic tic disorders. Molecular Psychiatry 2017, 23: 1652-1658. PMID: 29133949, PMCID: PMC5951741, DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.215.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObsessive-compulsive disorderAutoimmune diseasesChronic tic disorderIndividual autoimmune diseasesThird-degree relativesTic disordersRisk of ADsNational Patient RegisterPatterns of comorbidityFirst-degree relativesPatient RegisterPlacental transmissionNationwide studyBirth cohortCTD casesFamilial clusteringDisordersComorbiditiesPopulation controlsProbandsOCD probandsBiological relativesDiseaseFamilial linkRiskMortality risk in a nationwide cohort of individuals with tic disorders and with tourette syndrome
Meier SM, Dalsgaard S, Mortensen PB, Leckman JF, Plessen KJ. Mortality risk in a nationwide cohort of individuals with tic disorders and with tourette syndrome. Movement Disorders 2017, 32: 605-609. PMID: 28339122, DOI: 10.1002/mds.26939.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTic disordersTourette syndromePremature deathMortality riskProspective cohort studyMortality rate ratiosComorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderExclusion of individualsCohort studyObsessive-compulsive disorderClinical significancePsychiatric disordersPaternal ageSubstance abuseSyndromeHyperactivity disorderDisordersRate ratioDeathRiskCalendar yearAgeIndividualsCliniciansSystematic review of severity scales and screening instruments for tics: Critique and recommendations
Martino D, Pringsheim TM, Cavanna AE, Colosimo C, Hartmann A, Leckman JF, Luo S, Munchau A, Goetz CG, Stebbins GT, Martinez‐Martin P, Development T. Systematic review of severity scales and screening instruments for tics: Critique and recommendations. Movement Disorders 2017, 32: 467-473. PMID: 28071825, PMCID: PMC5482361, DOI: 10.1002/mds.26891.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2016
Understanding the covariation of tics, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity, and obsessive‐compulsive symptoms: A population‐based adult twin study
Pinto R, Monzani B, Leckman JF, Rück C, Serlachius E, Lichtenstein P, Mataix‐Cols D. Understanding the covariation of tics, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity, and obsessive‐compulsive symptoms: A population‐based adult twin study. American Journal Of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2016, 171: 938-947. PMID: 26919823, DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32436.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttention-deficit/hyperactivityObsessive-compulsive symptomsObsessive-compulsive disorderTic disordersChronic tic disorderAttention-deficit/hyperactivity symptomsSwedish adult twinsNon-shared environmental influencesPopulation-representative sampleLarge population-representative sampleSymptomsSpecific non-shared environmental influencesEnvironmental influencesFamilial associationSymptom subtypesEpidemiological sampleHyperactivity symptomsHyperactivityFamilial transmissionDisordersEtiological influencesLiability factorsFamily studiesGenetic liability
2015
Familial Risks of Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Mataix-Cols D, Isomura K, Pérez-Vigil A, Chang Z, Rück C, Larsson KJ, Leckman JF, Serlachius E, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P. Familial Risks of Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders: A Population-Based Cohort Study. JAMA Psychiatry 2015, 72: 787-793. PMID: 26083307, DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0627.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic tic disorderFirst-degree relativesTic disordersTourette syndromeFamilial riskSwedish National Patient RegisterNational Patient RegisterSecond-degree relativesRelatives of probandsPopulation-based twin sampleThird-degree relativesFamily studiesCohort studyPatient RegisterFemale patientsSpecialist clinicMAIN OUTCOMESimilar riskGeneral populationPopulation cohortHeritable neuropsychiatric conditionsNeuropsychiatric conditionsSimilar environmental exposuresEnvironmental exposuresDisorders
2014
Clinical features of Tourette syndrome and tic disorders
Leckman JF, King RA, Bloch MH. Clinical features of Tourette syndrome and tic disorders. Journal Of Obsessive-Compulsive And Related Disorders 2014, 3: 372-379. PMID: 30197854, PMCID: PMC6124690, DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2014.03.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTourette syndromeTic disordersLong-term clinical courseLong-term outcomesAge 10 yearsAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderCo-occurring conditionsClinical courseClinical featuresObsessive-compulsive disorderTic symptomsVisual-motor integrationVocal ticsPsychosocial stressMost childrenCourse of monthsLiterature searchRelevant articlesMotor integrationStereotyped movementsHyperactivity disorderEarly adulthoodDisordersNeurodevelopmental disordersSensory stimuliThe Modulating Role of Stress in the Onset and Course of Tourette’s Syndrome
Buse J, Kirschbaum C, Leckman JF, Münchau A, Roessner V. The Modulating Role of Stress in the Onset and Course of Tourette’s Syndrome. Behavior Modification 2014, 38: 184-216. PMID: 24516255, DOI: 10.1177/0145445514522056.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTourette syndromePsychosocial stressActivation of HPAAdrenal axis activationExacerbation of ticsNoradrenergic neurotransmissionAxis activationHPA axisTic disordersTic exacerbationAberrant markersSyndromeNeurotransmissionModulating roleExacerbationPatientsUnderlying mechanismStrong activationImmunologyActivationCommon occurrenceSubsequent changesDopaminergicAbnormalitiesPathology
2012
Clinical assessment of Tourette syndrome and tic disorders
Cohen SC, Leckman JF, Bloch MH. Clinical assessment of Tourette syndrome and tic disorders. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 2012, 37: 997-1007. PMID: 23206664, PMCID: PMC3674220, DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.11.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTourette syndromeAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderObsessive-compulsive disorderTreatment of TSImpaired sensorimotor gatingPercent of childrenImpulse control disordersDeficit hyperactivity disorderSomatic hypersensitivityTic symptomsPhonic ticsPurposeless movementsTic disordersClinical assessmentSensorimotor gatingControl disordersProper diagnosisMuscle groupsPremonitory urgesNeuropsychiatric disordersHyperactivity disorderDisordersAppropriate evaluationSyndromeSensory phenomenaSystematic review: Pharmacological treatment of tic disorders – Efficacy of antipsychotic and alpha-2 adrenergic agonist agents
Weisman H, Qureshi IA, Leckman JF, Scahill L, Bloch MH. Systematic review: Pharmacological treatment of tic disorders – Efficacy of antipsychotic and alpha-2 adrenergic agonist agents. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 2012, 37: 1162-1171. PMID: 23099282, PMCID: PMC3674207, DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.09.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTrajectory in obsessive-compulsive disorder comorbidities
de Mathis MA, Diniz JB, Hounie AG, Shavitt RG, Fossaluza V, Ferrão Y, Leckman JF, de Bragança Pereira C, do Rosario MC, Miguel EC. Trajectory in obsessive-compulsive disorder comorbidities. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2012, 23: 594-601. PMID: 22921470, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.08.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObsessive-compulsive disorderHigher lifetime frequencyOCD patientsFirst diagnosisTic disordersSeparation anxiety disorderLifetime frequencyObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) comorbidityAnxiety disordersOnset of OCDDistribution of comorbiditiesSpecific comorbid diagnosesLifetime psychiatric diagnosesPost-traumatic stress disorderFirst comorbiditySymptom onsetClinical courseClinical presentationPsychiatric comorbidityDisorder comorbidityOCD courseBeck AnxietyComorbid disordersPsychiatric disordersComorbiditiesTourette syndrome in youth with and without obsessive compulsive disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Lebowitz ER, Motlagh MG, Katsovich L, King RA, Lombroso PJ, Grantz H, Lin H, Bentley MJ, Gilbert DL, Singer HS, Coffey BJ, the Tourette Syndrome Study Group, Kurlan RM, Leckman JF. Tourette syndrome in youth with and without obsessive compulsive disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2012, 21: 451-457. PMID: 22543961, PMCID: PMC3722559, DOI: 10.1007/s00787-012-0278-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderComorbid tic disordersObsessive-compulsive disorderSeverity of ticsChronic tic disorderTic disordersPsychosocial stressDeficit hyperactivity disorderGlobal functioningComorbid diagnosesHyperactivity disorderMore severe ticsComorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorderDiagnosis of OCDComorbid obsessive-compulsive disorderAdditional comorbid diagnosesSymptoms of anxietyHigh psychosocial stressMore internalizing disordersGreater psychosocial stressSevere ticsOppositional defiant disorderSevere subtypeTic severityTourette syndrome
2011
Poor fine‐motor and visuospatial skills predict persistence of pediatric‐onset obsessive‐compulsive disorder into adulthood
Bloch MH, Sukhodolsky DG, Dombrowski PA, Panza KE, Craiglow BG, Landeros‐Weisenberger A, Leckman JF, Peterson BS, Schultz RT. Poor fine‐motor and visuospatial skills predict persistence of pediatric‐onset obsessive‐compulsive disorder into adulthood. Journal Of Child Psychology And Psychiatry 2011, 52: 974-983. PMID: 21244423, PMCID: PMC3625937, DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02366.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong-term outcomesVisual-motor integrationPoor long-term outcomesCox proportional hazards modelBeery-Buktenica TestPediatric-onset obsessive-compulsive disorderFine motor skill deficitsPurdue pegboard taskCourse of symptomsProportional hazards modelPurdue Pegboard TestComorbid tic disordersAge of onsetVisuospatial skillsFuture longitudinal studiesOCD symptomsFine motor skillsCases remitNonverbal memory performanceObsessive-compulsive disorderNeuropsychiatric deficitsTic disordersMAIN OUTCOMEPegboard TestNeuropsychological testing