Characteristics of Randomized Clinical Trials in Surgery From 2008 to 2020
Robinson NB, Fremes S, Hameed I, Rahouma M, Weidenmann V, Demetres M, Morsi M, Soletti G, Di Franco A, Zenati MA, Raja SG, Moher D, Bakaeen F, Chikwe J, Bhatt DL, Kurlansky P, Girardi LN, Gaudino M. Characteristics of Randomized Clinical Trials in Surgery From 2008 to 2020. JAMA Network Open 2021, 4: e2114494. PMID: 34190996, PMCID: PMC8246313, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.14494.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMost trialsClinical eventsSurgical interventionSurgical RCTsClinical trialsSurgeon experienceMinor clinical eventsMore surgical interventionsReporting biasMajor clinical eventsRandomized clinical trialsRisk of biasMedian fragility indexMedian sample sizeLarge treatment effectsPrimary outcomeTRIAL REGISTRATIONControl armTrial characteristicsSurgical trialsHigh riskSuperiority designConcerns of biasPrimary analysisRCTs