2021
Live Birth with or without Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy
Yan J, Qin Y, Zhao H, Sun Y, Gong F, Li R, Sun X, Ling X, Li H, Hao C, Tan J, Yang J, Zhu Y, Liu F, Chen D, Wei D, Lu J, Ni T, Zhou W, Wu K, Gao Y, Shi Y, Lu Y, Zhang T, Wu W, Ma X, Ma H, Fu J, Zhang J, Meng Q, Zhang H, Legro R, Chen Z. Live Birth with or without Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy. New England Journal Of Medicine 2021, 385: 2047-2058. PMID: 34818479, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2103613.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsConventional in vitro fertilizationCumulative live birth rateLive birth rateIn vitro fertilizationGood-quality blastocystsPGT-A groupPGT-APreimplantation genetic testingLive birthsGenetic testingClinical pregnancy lossImprove pregnancy outcomesInitial embryo transferEmbryo-transfer proceduresYears of ageNeonatal complicationsPregnancy outcomesSubfertile womenEmbryo transferAdverse eventsPregnancy lossNoninferiority marginEmbryo selectionPrimary outcomeBlastocyst
2020
Factors associated with study protocol adherence and bio banking participation in reproductive medicine clinical trials and their relationship to live birth
Engmann L, Sun F, Legro RS, Diamond MP, Zhang H, Santoro N, Bartlebaugh C, Dodson W, Estes S, Ober J, Brzyski R, Easton C, Hernandez A, Leija M, Pierce D, Robinson R, Awonuga A, Cedo L, Cline A, Collins K, Krawetz S, Puscheck E, Singh M, Yoscovits M, Barnhart K, Coutifaris C, Lecks K, Martino L, Marunich R, Snyder P, Alvero R, Comfort A, Crow M, Schlaff W, Casson P, Hohmann A, Mallette S, Christman G, Ohl D, Ringbloom M, Tang J, Bates G, Mason S, DiMaria N, Usadi R, Lucidi R, Rhea M, Baker V, Turner K, Trussell J, DelBasso D, Huang H, Li Y, Makuch R, Patrizio P, Sakai L, Scahill L, Taylor H, Thomas T, Tsang S, Yan Q, Zhang M, Haisenleder D, Lamar C, DePaolo L, Herring A, Redmond J, Thomas M, Turek P, Wactawski-Wende J, Rebar R, Cato P, Dukic V, Lewis V, Schlegel P, Witter F. Factors associated with study protocol adherence and bio banking participation in reproductive medicine clinical trials and their relationship to live birth. Human Reproduction 2020, 35: 2819-2831. PMID: 33190149, PMCID: PMC8453415, DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa232.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeClinical trial protocolMedicine clinical trialsU10 HD055942U10 HD38998Baseline characteristicsTrial protocolClinical trialsLive birthsPolycystic Ovary Syndrome IIU10 HD38992U10 HD39005U10 HD27049STUDY FUNDING/COMPETINGMultiple Intrauterine GestationsStudy protocol adherenceUS multicenter trialRegular ovulatory cyclesClinical trial findingsPolycystic ovarian morphologyPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALSROLE OF CHANCELower household incomeAfrican AmericansAspects of adherenceEndometrial thickness after ovarian stimulation with gonadotropin, clomiphene, or letrozole for unexplained infertility, and association with treatment outcomes
Quaas AM, Gavrizi SZ, Peck JD, Diamond MP, Legro RS, Robinson RD, Casson P, Christman GM, Zhang H, Hansen KR, Network E. Endometrial thickness after ovarian stimulation with gonadotropin, clomiphene, or letrozole for unexplained infertility, and association with treatment outcomes. Fertility And Sterility 2020, 115: 213-220. PMID: 32972733, PMCID: PMC7796980, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.07.030.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLive birth rateEndometrial thicknessUnexplained infertilityOvarian stimulationRisk ratioLive birthsEMT groupHuman chorionic gonadotropin administrationHigher live birth rateIntrauterine insemination treatmentMean endometrial thicknessMultiple Intrauterine GestationsOvarian stimulation medicationChorionic gonadotropin administrationProspective cohort analysisUnadjusted risk ratioAdjusted risk ratioBirth rateOS-IUIThin endometriumIntrauterine gestationGonadotropin administrationStimulation medicationsClinical trialsTreatment outcomes
2019
Cervicovaginal fluid proteomic analysis to identify potential biomarkers for preterm birth
Parry S, Leite R, Esplin MS, Bukowski R, Zhang H, Varner M, Andrews WW, Saade GR, Ilekis J, Reddy UM, Huang H, Sadovsky Y, Blair IA, Biggio J, Research E. Cervicovaginal fluid proteomic analysis to identify potential biomarkers for preterm birth. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2019, 222: 493.e1-493.e13. PMID: 31758918, PMCID: PMC7196033, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.11.1252.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPreterm birth casesSpontaneous preterm birthCervicovaginal fluid samplesEnzyme-linked immunosorbentTerm delivery controlsPreterm birthStudy visitBirth casesFluid samplesPotential biomarkersSpontaneous preterm birth ratePrior spontaneous preterm birthEarly spontaneous preterm birthCervical length screeningThird study visitVaginal mucosal cellsPreterm birth rateHigh-risk cohortCase-control studyReliable screening testAvailable biological fluidIndependent study groupsNeonatal morbidityObstetrical historyAsymptomatic womenLower antimüllerian hormone is associated with lower oocyte yield but not live-birth rate among women with obesity
Vitek W, Sun F, Baker VL, Styer AK, Christianson MS, Stern JE, Zhang H, Polotsky AJ. Lower antimüllerian hormone is associated with lower oocyte yield but not live-birth rate among women with obesity. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2019, 222: 363.e1-363.e7. PMID: 31589862, PMCID: PMC8022853, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.09.046.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNormal body mass indexAntimüllerian hormone levelsLower antimüllerian hormoneBody mass indexLower oocyte yieldLive birth rateAntimüllerian hormoneLow ovarian reserveOocyte yieldMass indexHormone levelsOvarian reserveBody mass index 18.5Low antimüllerian hormone levelsAssisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System databaseLower live birth ratesClass 3 obesitySerum antimüllerian hormoneClass 1 obesityClass 2 obesityNumber of oocytesSmall antral folliclesReporting System databaseNormal BMIRetrospective cohortCommon genetic variants have associations with human cortical brain regions and risk of schizophrenia
Bi X, Feng L, Wang S, Lin Z, Li T, Zhao B, Zhu H, Zhang H. Common genetic variants have associations with human cortical brain regions and risk of schizophrenia. Genetic Epidemiology 2019, 43: 548-558. PMID: 30941828, PMCID: PMC6559856, DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22203.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCortical regionsCortical brain regionsRisk of schizophreniaPrefrontal cortical regionsSymptom durationProdromal symptomsMental disordersSignificant associationBrain regionsCommon genetic variantsPhiladelphia Neurodevelopmental CohortPediatric imagingSchizophreniaNeurodevelopmental CohortCommon variantsHuman brainGenetic variantsHeritable mental disorderMagnetic resonanceAssociationWide association studyAssociation studiesGenetic effectsCohortSymptomsFrozen versus fresh single blastocyst transfer in ovulatory women: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Wei D, Liu J, Sun Y, Shi Y, Zhang B, Liu J, Tan J, Liang X, Cao Y, Wang Z, Qin Y, Zhao H, Zhou Y, Ren H, Hao G, Ling X, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Qi X, Zhang L, Deng X, Chen X, Zhu Y, Wang X, Tian L, Lv Q, Ma X, Zhang H, Legro R, Chen Z. Frozen versus fresh single blastocyst transfer in ovulatory women: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 2019, 393: 1310-1318. PMID: 30827784, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32843-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrozen single blastocyst transferFresh single blastocyst transferSingle blastocyst transferElective single embryo transferRisk of pre-eclampsiaFrozen blastocyst transferBlastocyst transferLivebirth rateSevere ovarian hyperstimulation syndromePre-eclampsiaOvulatory womenPregnancy rateEmbryo transferOvarian hyperstimulation syndromeAcademic fertility centreFrozen-thawed single blastocyst transferHigher risk of pre-eclampsiaIn vitro fertilisationIncreased risk of pre-eclampsiaFrozen embryo transferExtended embryo cultureSingle embryo transferFertility centreHyperstimulation syndromeLower pregnancy rate
2018
Comparison of sonohysterography to hysterosalpingogram for tubal patency assessment in a multicenter fertility treatment trial among women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Christianson MS, Legro RS, Jin S, Eisenberg E, Diamond MP, Hansen KR, Vitek W, Styer AK, Casson P, Coutifaris C, Christman GM, Alvero R, Puscheck EE, Christy AY, Sun F, Zhang H, Polotsky AJ, Santoro N. Comparison of sonohysterography to hysterosalpingogram for tubal patency assessment in a multicenter fertility treatment trial among women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal Of Assisted Reproduction And Genetics 2018, 35: 2173-2180. PMID: 30194618, PMCID: PMC6289919, DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1306-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeSaline infusion sonohysterographyTubal patencyClinical pregnancyOvary syndromePolycystic Ovary Syndrome IITubal patency assessmentClinical pregnancy rateDuration of infertilityAcceptable imaging modalityIntrauterine pregnancyClomiphene citrateEctopic pregnancyInfertile womenResultsAmong womenMultivariable analysisPatency assessmentTreatment armsTreatment trialsPregnancy rateMethodsSecondary analysisHysterosalpingogramLarge cohortTubes patentPatencyVitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Poor Ovarian Stimulation Outcome in PCOS but Not Unexplained Infertility
Butts SF, Seifer DB, Koelper N, Senapati S, Sammel MD, Hoofnagle AN, Kelly A, Krawetz SA, Santoro N, Zhang H, Diamond MP, Legro RS, Network E. Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Poor Ovarian Stimulation Outcome in PCOS but Not Unexplained Infertility. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2018, 104: 369-378. PMID: 30085176, PMCID: PMC6300410, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-00750.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVitamin D deficiencyPolycystic ovary syndromeD deficiencyEarly pregnancy lossOvarian stimulationUnexplained infertilityLive birthsPregnancy lossDiagnosis of PCOSMultiple Intrauterine GestationsOvarian stimulation outcomesRetrospective cohort studyInvestigation of womenBanked seraPPCOS IICohort studyIntrauterine gestationOvary syndromeInfertile womenInfertility diagnosisPregnant subjectsElevated riskImportant treatmentReproductive outcomesTrial dataPolycystic ovary syndrome and autism: A test of the prenatal sex steroid theory
Cherskov A, Pohl A, Allison C, Zhang H, Payne RA, Baron-Cohen S. Polycystic ovary syndrome and autism: A test of the prenatal sex steroid theory. Translational Psychiatry 2018, 8: 136. PMID: 30065244, PMCID: PMC6068102, DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0186-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeClinical Practice Research DatalinkOvary syndromeOdds ratioPrevalence of PCOSRisk of PCOSMaternal metabolic conditionsMaternal psychiatric diagnosisChildren of womenCase-control studyPrenatal testosteroneRisk of autismElectronic health recordsObstetric complicationsSex steroidsPsychiatric diagnosisGreater riskMetabolic conditionsElevated levelsHealth recordsWomenSyndromeChildrenRiskTestosteroneMajor depression, antidepressant use, and male and female fertility
Evans-Hoeker EA, Eisenberg E, Diamond MP, Legro RS, Alvero R, Coutifaris C, Casson PR, Christman GM, Hansen KR, Zhang H, Santoro N, Steiner AZ, Network R, Bartlebaugh C, Dodson W, Estes S, Gnatuk C, Ladda R, Ober J, Brzyski R, Easton C, Hernandez A, Leija M, Pierce D, Robinson R, Ager J, Awonuga A, Cedo L, Cline A, Collins K, Krawetz S, Puscheck E, Singh M, Yoscovits M, Lecks K, Martino L, Marunich R, Comfort A, Crow M, Hohmann A, Mallette S, Smith Y, Randolph J, Fisseha S, Ohl D, Ringbloom M, Tang J, Bates W, Mason S, Craig L, Zornes C, Rodriguez M, Hunt T, DiMaria N, Usadi R, Lucidi S, Rhea M, Baker V, Turner K, Brennan M, DelBasso D, Huang H, Jin Y, Li Y, Kuang H, Makuch R, Patrizio P, Sakai L, Scahill L, Song C, Taylor H, Thomas T, Tsang S, Yan Q, Zhang M, Haisenleder D, Trussell J, Laylor B, Martinez L, Solnica A, Wojtczuk A, Seungdamrong A, Rosen M, Lamar C, DePaolo L, Guzick D, Herring A, Redmond J, Thomas M, Turek P, Wactawski-Wende J, Rebar R, Cato P, Dukic V, Lewis V, Schlegel P, Witter F. Major depression, antidepressant use, and male and female fertility. Fertility And Sterility 2018, 109: 879-887. PMID: 29778387, PMCID: PMC5973807, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.029.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMaternal major depressionMaternal antidepressant useAntidepressant useLikelihood of pregnancyMale partnersMajor depressionNon-IVF fertility treatmentsFirst trimester pregnancy lossTypes of antidepressantsPHQ-9 scoresFirst trimester miscarriagePatient Health QuestionnairePoor fertility outcomesRisk of miscarriagePoisson regression modelsPPCOS IICohort studyPregnancy outcomesMedication usePrimary outcomeRandomized trialsPregnancy lossHealth QuestionnaireRelative riskTreatment outcomes
2017
Effect of Preconception Impaired Glucose Tolerance on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Wei D, Zhang B, Shi Y, Zhang L, Zhao S, Du Y, Xu L, Legro RS, Zhang H, Chen ZJ. Effect of Preconception Impaired Glucose Tolerance on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2017, 102: 3822-3829. PMID: 28938429, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01294.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOral glucose tolerance testPolycystic ovary syndromePregnancy outcomesI-IFGOvary syndromeGlucose toleranceHigh riskIntrinsic insulin resistanceAdverse pregnancy outcomesTotal testosterone levelsDuration of infertilityImpaired glucose tolerancePregnancy loss rateBody mass indexFrozen embryo transferGlucose tolerance testMain outcome measuresGestational diabetesObstetric complicationsSingleton newbornsSingleton pregnanciesGestational ageMass indexTwin pregnanciesInsulin levelsGenome‐wide mediation analysis of psychiatric and cognitive traits through imaging phenotypes
Bi X, Yang L, Li T, Wang B, Zhu H, Zhang H. Genome‐wide mediation analysis of psychiatric and cognitive traits through imaging phenotypes. Human Brain Mapping 2017, 38: 4088-4097. PMID: 28544218, PMCID: PMC5568842, DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23650.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRacial and ethnic differences in the polycystic ovary syndrome metabolic phenotype
Engmann L, Jin S, Sun F, Legro RS, Polotsky AJ, Hansen KR, Coutifaris C, Diamond MP, Eisenberg E, Zhang H, Santoro N, Network R, Bartlebaugh C, Dodson W, Estes S, Gnatuk C, Ober J, Brzyski R, Easton C, Hernandez A, Leija M, Pierce D, Robinson R, Awonuga A, Cedo L, Cline A, Collins K, Krawetz S, Puscheck E, Singh M, Yoscovits M, Barnhart K, Lecks K, Martino L, Marunich R, Snyder P, Alvero R, Comfort A, Crow M, Schlaff W, Casson P, Hohmann A, Mallette S, Christman G, Ohl D, Ringbloom M, Tang J, Bates G, Mason S, DiMaria N, Usadi R, Lucidi R, Rhea M, Baker V, Turner K, Trussell J, DelBasso D, Huang H, Li Y, Makuch R, Patrizio P, Sakai L, Scahill L, Taylor H, Thomas T, Tsang S, Yan Q, Zhang M, Haisenleder D, Lamar C, DePaolo L, Guzick D, Herring A, Redmond J, Thomas M, Turek P, Wactawski-Wende J, Rebar R, Cato P, Dukic V, Lewis V, Schlegel P, Witter F. Racial and ethnic differences in the polycystic ovary syndrome metabolic phenotype. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2017, 216: 493.e1-493.e13. PMID: 28104402, PMCID: PMC5420474, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.01.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovarian syndromeNon-Hispanic black womenNon-Hispanic whitesOvarian syndromeMetabolic syndromeNon-Hispanic blacksHispanic womenInsulin resistanceCardiovascular diseaseHigh prevalenceEthnic differencesType 2 diabetes mellitusLower serum triglyceride levelsNon-Hispanic white womenLower sex hormonePrevalence of hypertriglyceridemiaFree androgen indexHomeostasis model assessmentPolycystic ovary syndromeBody mass indexMetabolic phenotypeSerum triglyceride levelsType 2 diabetesBlack womenAndrogen index
2016
Baseline AMH Level Associated With Ovulation Following Ovulation Induction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Mumford SL, Legro RS, Diamond MP, Coutifaris C, Steiner AZ, Schlaff WD, Alvero R, Christman GM, Casson PR, Huang H, Santoro N, Eisenberg E, Zhang H, Cedars MI. Baseline AMH Level Associated With Ovulation Following Ovulation Induction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2016, 101: 3288-3296. PMID: 27228369, PMCID: PMC5010565, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-1340.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeAnti-Müllerian hormoneSerum anti-Müllerian hormoneAMH levelsOvulation inductionOvary syndromeHigh serum anti-Müllerian hormoneMean AMHSensitivity of folliclesHigher AMH levelsAntral follicle countBody mass indexRandomized clinical trialsOvulation induction medicationsWomen ages 18II trialFollicle countMass indexInduction medicationsInsulin levelsClinical trialsOvulatory responseHealth centersAromatase activityFSH stimulationVitamin D Status Relates to Reproductive Outcome in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secondary Analysis of a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Pal L, Zhang H, Williams J, Santoro NF, Diamond MP, Schlaff WD, Coutifaris C, Carson SA, Steinkampf MP, Carr BR, McGovern PG, Cataldo NA, Gosman GG, Nestler JE, Myers E, Legro RS, Network F. Vitamin D Status Relates to Reproductive Outcome in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secondary Analysis of a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2016, 101: 3027-3035. PMID: 27186859, PMCID: PMC4971341, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-4352.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeLive birthsVitD statusOvary syndromeSerum 25OHDIndependent predictorsSecondary analysisOvulation induction outcomesSerum 25OHD levelsVitamin D statusHealth diagnostic criteriaD statusNonpregnant populationRetrospective cohortControlled TrialsVitamin DPregnancy lossReproductive outcomesDiagnostic criteriaTrial dataProgressive improvementWomenInduction outcomeNational InstituteSyndromeBenefit of Delayed Fertility Therapy With Preconception Weight Loss Over Immediate Therapy in Obese Women With PCOS
Legro RS, Dodson WC, Kunselman AR, Stetter CM, Kris-Etherton PM, Williams NI, Gnatuk CL, Estes SJ, Allison KC, Sarwer DB, Diamond MP, Schlaff WD, Casson PR, Christman GM, Barnhart KT, Bates GW, Usadi R, Lucidi S, Baker V, Zhang H, Eisenberg E, Coutifaris C, Dokras A. Benefit of Delayed Fertility Therapy With Preconception Weight Loss Over Immediate Therapy in Obese Women With PCOS. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2016, 101: 2658-2666. PMID: 27172435, PMCID: PMC4929837, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-1659.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAnti-Obesity AgentsBehavior TherapyClomipheneCombined Modality TherapyContraceptives, Oral, HormonalFemaleFertility Agents, FemaleHumansInfertility, FemaleLife StyleObesityPolycystic Ovary SyndromePreconception CarePregnancyPregnancy RateReproductive Techniques, AssistedTime FactorsWeight LossYoung AdultConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeImmediate treatmentLifestyle modificationObese womenOral contraceptivesInfertility treatmentPolycystic Ovary Syndrome trialCumulative live birth rateOvulation rateWeight lossContinuous oral contraceptivesCumulative ovulation rateCycles of clomipheneOral contraceptive pretreatmentPreconception weight lossLive birth rateOverweight/obeseConcurrent clinical trialsYears of ageBirth rateImproved ovulationPPCOS IIPreconception treatmentClomiphene citrateII trial
2015
Predictors of response to 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate for prevention of recurrent spontaneous preterm birth
Manuck TA, Esplin MS, Biggio J, Bukowski R, Parry S, Zhang H, Huang H, Varner MW, Andrews W, Saade G, Sadovsky Y, Reddy UM, Ilekis J, Research E. Predictors of response to 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate for prevention of recurrent spontaneous preterm birth. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2015, 214: 376.e1-376.e8. PMID: 26692181, PMCID: PMC4803498, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.12.010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpontaneous preterm birthPrevious spontaneous preterm birthRecurrent spontaneous preterm birthDelivery gestational ageRecurrent preterm birthPreterm birthSimilar gestational ageGestational ageHydroxyprogesterone caproateSingleton spontaneous preterm birthEarly spontaneous preterm birthFirst-degree family historyPreterm birth preventionHigh-risk womenPlanned secondary analysisPredictors of responseChi-square testPenultimate pregnancyPregnancy characteristicsNeonatal morbidityPregnancy coursePreterm pregnanciesBirth preventionCurrent pregnancyRegression modelsChlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulin G3 seropositivity is a predictor of reproductive outcomes in infertile women with patent fallopian tubes
Steiner AZ, Diamond MP, Legro RS, Schlaff WD, Barnhart KT, Casson PR, Christman GM, Alvero R, Hansen KR, Geisler WM, Thomas T, Santoro N, Zhang H, Eisenberg E, Network R. Chlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulin G3 seropositivity is a predictor of reproductive outcomes in infertile women with patent fallopian tubes. Fertility And Sterility 2015, 104: 1522-1526. PMID: 26413816, PMCID: PMC4663111, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.08.022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAntibodies, BacterialBiomarkersChi-Square DistributionChlamydia InfectionsChlamydia trachomatisEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFallopian TubesFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GInfertility, FemaleLinear ModelsLive BirthMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPredictive Value of TestsPregnancyPregnancy RatePregnancy, EctopicReproductive Techniques, AssistedRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSerologic TestsTreatment OutcomeUltrasonographyYoung AdultConceptsEctopic pregnancySeropositive womenInfertile womenTubal patencyLive birthsPolycystic Ovary Syndrome IIChlamydia trachomatis seropositivityMultiple Intrauterine GestationsPatent fallopian tubesEnzyme-linked immunosorbentCurrent alcohol useC. trachomatis elementary bodiesOvarian stimulationCohort studyIntrauterine gestationPregnancy outcomesPrimary outcomeTreatment medicationsPatent tubesSmoking statusOutpatient clinicIgG3 antibodiesFallopian tubeRelative riskMAIN OUTCOMELetrozole, Gonadotropin, or Clomiphene for Unexplained Infertility
Diamond MP, Legro RS, Coutifaris C, Alvero R, Robinson RD, Casson P, Christman GM, Ager J, Huang H, Hansen KR, Baker V, Usadi R, Seungdamrong A, Bates GW, Rosen RM, Haisenleder D, Krawetz SA, Barnhart K, Trussell JC, Ohl D, Jin Y, Santoro N, Eisenberg E, Zhang H. Letrozole, Gonadotropin, or Clomiphene for Unexplained Infertility. New England Journal Of Medicine 2015, 373: 1230-1240. PMID: 26398071, PMCID: PMC4739644, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1414827.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUnexplained infertilityMultiple gestationsOvarian stimulationClinical pregnancyStandard therapyLive birth ratePatent fallopian tubesMultiple gestation ratesYears of ageFetal heart activityLetrozole groupNeonatal complicationsClomiphene citrateTriplet gestationsOngoing pregnancyPrimary outcomeGonadotropin treatmentFallopian tubeGestation rateCongenital anomaliesPregnancy rateWomen 18Live birthsClomipheneLetrozole