Featured Publications
Toward a Clearer Definition of Selection Bias When Estimating Causal Effects
Lu H, Cole S, Howe C, Westreich D. Toward a Clearer Definition of Selection Bias When Estimating Causal Effects. Epidemiology 2022, 33: 699-706. PMID: 35700187, PMCID: PMC9378569, DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001516.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRevisiting Overadjustment Bias
Lu H, Cole S, Platt R, Schisterman E. Revisiting Overadjustment Bias. Epidemiology 2021, 32: e22-e23. PMID: 34172691, DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001377.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchClinical Effectiveness of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor–Based Antiretroviral Regimens Among Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Collaboration of Cohort Studies in the United States and Canada
Lu H, Cole S, Westreich D, Hudgens M, Adimora A, Althoff K, Silverberg M, Buchacz K, Li J, Edwards J, Rebeiro P, Lima V, Marconi V, Sterling T, Horberg M, Gill M, Kitahata M, Eron J, Moore R. Clinical Effectiveness of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor–Based Antiretroviral Regimens Among Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Collaboration of Cohort Studies in the United States and Canada. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020, 73: e1408-e1414. PMID: 32780095, PMCID: PMC8492356, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1037.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntegrase strand transfer inhibitorsHuman immunodeficiency virusHazard ratioEFV groupAntiretroviral therapyStrand transfer inhibitorsClinical outcomesRisk differenceINSTI groupComposite outcomeImmunodeficiency virusClinical effectivenessNorth American AIDS Cohort CollaborationFirst-line antiretroviral therapyEnd-stage liver diseaseLong-term clinical effectivenessEnd-stage renal diseaseLong-term clinical outcomesComposite clinical outcomeFirst ART regimenInitial ART regimensAdverse clinical outcomesModern antiretroviral therapyTransfer inhibitorsAcute myocardial infarctionInflammation and Risk of Depression in HIV: Prospective Findings From the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
Lu H, Surkan P, Irwin M, Treisman G, Breen E, Sacktor N, Stall R, Wolinsky S, Jacobson L, Abraham A. Inflammation and Risk of Depression in HIV: Prospective Findings From the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2019, 188: 1994-2003. PMID: 31642472, PMCID: PMC6825834, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz190.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusMulticenter AIDS Cohort StudyAIDS Cohort StudyInflammatory processCohort studyHigher oddsDepressive symptomsSoluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2Soluble interleukin-2 receptor αTumor necrosis factor receptor 2B-cell activating factorEpidemiological Studies Depression ScaleInterleukin-2 receptor αNecrosis factor receptor 2Relevant depression symptomsSoluble interleukin-6 receptorPathogenesis of depressionHigh-risk populationRisk of depressionFactor receptor 2Interleukin-6 receptorExploratory factor analysisHIV- menHIV- participantsInflammatory profileGeneralizing the per-protocol treatment effect: The case of ACTG A5095
Lu H, Cole S, Hall H, Schisterman E, Breger T, Edwards J, Westreich D. Generalizing the per-protocol treatment effect: The case of ACTG A5095. Clinical Trials 2018, 16: 52-62. PMID: 30326736, PMCID: PMC6693502, DOI: 10.1177/1740774518806311.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFour-drug antiretroviral regimenThree-drug regimenConventional intentionAntiretroviral regimenVirologic failureTreat comparisonProtocol deviationsRisk differenceTarget populationTreatment assignmentThree-drug armInverse probability weightsACTG A5095Protocol effectUS HIVHazard ratioRandomized trialsInverse oddsTreatment protocolRegimenUS individualsHIVProtocol estimatesTrialsProtocol analysis
2024
Synergistic interaction between pay-it-forward incentives and recreational drug use on hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus testing among men who have sex with men in China
Ai W, Xie Y, Lu H, Ai T, Wu D, Zhang Y, Marley G, Ong J, Tucker J, Tang W. Synergistic interaction between pay-it-forward incentives and recreational drug use on hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus testing among men who have sex with men in China. Sexually Transmitted Infections 2024, 100: 302-309. PMID: 38862237, PMCID: PMC11283352, DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2024-056150.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHepatitis C virus testingHepatitis C virus testing uptakePay-it-forwardTesting uptakeRecreational drug useStandard-of-care groupIncentive groupPromote hepatitis B virusDrug useHepatitis testingChinese MSMAdditive scaleMSMCommunity connectednessDrug use behaviorsRecreational drugsDonation opportunitiesFree testingParticipantsPooled dataHepatitis B virusHepatitis C virusUse behaviorsMenStudy groupPerceptions of Transit-Based Accessibility for Opioid Treatment Programs
Kim J, Lee J, Thomas Thornhill, Dennett J, Lu H, Howell B, Grau L, Fiellin DA, Heimer R, Gonsalves GS. Perceptions of Transit-Based Accessibility for Opioid Treatment Programs. JAMA Network Open. In Press.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInvited Commentary: The Evolution of Selection Bias in the Recent Epidemiologic Literature—A Selective Overview
Lu H, Howe CJ, Zivich PN, Gonsalves GS, Westreich D. The Evolution of Selection Bias in the Recent Epidemiologic Literature—A Selective Overview. American Journal of Epidemiology. In Press.Commentaries, Editorials and Letters
2023
Selection Bias Requires Selection: The Case of Collider Stratification Bias
Lu H, Gonsalves G, Westreich D. Selection Bias Requires Selection: The Case of Collider Stratification Bias. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2023, 193: 407-409. PMID: 37939152, PMCID: PMC10911840, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad213.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPay-it-forward incentives for hepatitis virus testing in men who have sex with men: a cluster randomized trial
Zhang Y, Li J, Xie Y, Wu D, Ong J, Marley G, Kamarulzaman A, Lu H, Zou F, Smith J, Tucker J, Fu G, Tang W. Pay-it-forward incentives for hepatitis virus testing in men who have sex with men: a cluster randomized trial. Nature Medicine 2023, 29: 2241-2247. PMID: 37640859, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02519-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis B virusCare armHCV testingVirus testingTwo-arm cluster-randomized trialHepatitis C virus testingHepatitis virus testingCluster-randomized trialProportion of menGroup of menAdverse eventsHBV testPrimary outcomeB virusForward armFree testingHCVMenRapid testingSexTrialsArmActive community participationTestingPersonsDietary Polyphenol Intake and Risk of Hypertension: An 18-y Nationwide Cohort Study in China.
Lin X, Zhao J, Ge S, Lu H, Xiong Q, Guo X, Li L, He S, Wang J, Peng F, Fan Y, Zuo X, Tian C, Ying C. Dietary Polyphenol Intake and Risk of Hypertension: An 18-y Nationwide Cohort Study in China. Am J Clin Nutr 2023, 118: 264-272. PMID: 37146758, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOptimizing Treatment for Human Immunodeficiency Virus to Improve Clinical Outcomes Using Precision Medicine
Jetsupphasuk M, Hudgens M, Lu H, Cole S, Edwards J, Adimora A, Althoff K, Silverberg M, Rebeiro P, Lima V, Marconi V, Sterling T, Horberg M, Gill M, Kitahata M, Moore R, Lang R, Gebo K, Rabkin C, Eron J. Optimizing Treatment for Human Immunodeficiency Virus to Improve Clinical Outcomes Using Precision Medicine. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2023, 192: 1341-1349. PMID: 36922393, PMCID: PMC10666965, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad057.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEfavirenz-based regimenAntiretroviral therapyPatient characteristicsComposite outcomeNorth American AIDS Cohort CollaborationFirst-line antiretroviral therapySerious non-AIDS eventsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatmentIntegrase strand transfer inhibitorsSame drug regimenBaseline patient characteristicsNon-AIDS eventsAbsolute risk reductionSubgroup of patientsHuman immunodeficiency virusIndividual patient characteristicsImmune deficiency syndromePrecision medicineStrand transfer inhibitorsCohort CollaborationCause mortalityDrug regimenClinical outcomesImmunodeficiency virusDeficiency syndromeGeographic and temporal trends in fentanyl-detected deaths in Connecticut, 2009–2019
Lu H, Crawford F, Gonsalves G, Grau L. Geographic and temporal trends in fentanyl-detected deaths in Connecticut, 2009–2019. Annals Of Epidemiology 2023, 79: 32-38. PMID: 36669599, PMCID: PMC10163838, DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.01.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSpatiotemporal Trends of Birth Defects in North Carolina, 2003-2015
Lu H, Olshan AF, Serre ML, Anthony KM, Fry RC, Forestieri NE, Keil AP. Spatiotemporal Trends of Birth Defects in North Carolina, 2003-2015. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2023. In revision.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2022
Prescribed opioid use is associated with increased all-purpose emergency department visits and hospitalizations in community-dwelling older adults in the United States.
Ge S, Tian C, Wu L, Liu M, Lu H. Prescribed opioid use is associated with increased all-purpose emergency department visits and hospitalizations in community-dwelling older adults in the United States. Front Psychiatry 2022, 13: 1092199. PMID: 36582257, DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1092199.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEliminating conversion therapy and promoting LGBTQ-affirmative therapy in China
Li G, Qin S, Lu H, Santtila P, Hall B. Eliminating conversion therapy and promoting LGBTQ-affirmative therapy in China. The Lancet Psychiatry 2022, 9: e25. PMID: 35569506, DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(22)00120-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCorrigendum to: Clinical Effectiveness of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor–Based Antiretroviral Regimens Among Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Collaboration of Cohort Studies in the United States and Canada
Lu H, Cole S, Westreich D, Hudgens M, Adimora A, Althoff K, Silverberg M, Buchacz K, Li J, Edwards J, Rebeiro P, Lima V, Marconi V, Sterling T, Horberg M, Gill M, Kitahata M, Eron J, Moore R. Corrigendum to: Clinical Effectiveness of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor–Based Antiretroviral Regimens Among Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Collaboration of Cohort Studies in the United States and Canada. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2022, 74: 755-755. PMID: 35099554, PMCID: PMC8886892, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab799.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
Virologic outcomes among adults with HIV using integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy
Lu H, Cole S, Westreich D, Hudgens M, Adimora A, Althoff K, Silverberg M, Buchacz K, Li J, Edwards J, Rebeiro P, Lima V, Marconi V, Sterling T, Horberg M, Gill M, Kitahata M, Eron J, Moore R. Virologic outcomes among adults with HIV using integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2021, 36: 277-286. PMID: 34934020, PMCID: PMC9048218, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003069.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEFV groupINSTI groupVirologic outcomesAntiretroviral therapyART initiationIntegrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapyNorth American AIDS Cohort CollaborationFirst-line antiretroviral therapyInhibitor-based antiretroviral therapyLong-term virologic outcomesIntegrase strand transfer inhibitorsFirst ART regimenInitial ART regimensRapid virologic responseStrand transfer inhibitorsART regimenCohort CollaborationInitial regimensVirologic responseVirologic suppressionART regimensVirologic effectsTreat analysisHIV treatmentLong-term effects
2020
Sleep, sedentary activity, physical activity, and cognitive function among older adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011–2014
Wei J, Hou R, Xie L, Chandrasekar E, Lu H, Wang T, Li C, Xu H. Sleep, sedentary activity, physical activity, and cognitive function among older adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011–2014. Journal Of Science And Medicine In Sport 2020, 24: 189-194. PMID: 33032913, DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.09.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCognitive functionOlder adultsBetter cognitionSleep durationLong-term cognitive outcomesDigit Symbol Substitution TestAnimal Fluency TestAssociation of sleepFavorable cognitionsFluency testCognitive outcomesSelf-reported timeSubstitution TestSedentary activitiesPhysical activityCognitionLongitudinal studyExcessive sleepFuture researchNational HealthSleepGlobal Physical Activity QuestionnaireActivity statusPhysical Activity QuestionnaireNutrition Examination SurveyWhat we talk about when we talk about durable viral suppression.
Diepstra K, Lu H, McManus K, Rogawski McQuade E, Rhodes A, Westreich D. What we talk about when we talk about durable viral suppression. AIDS 2020, 34: 1683-1686. PMID: 32732633, PMCID: PMC7845768, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002612.Peer-Reviewed Original Research