2008
Methylphenidate improves response inhibition but not reflection–impulsivity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
DeVito EE, Blackwell AD, Clark L, Kent L, Dezsery AM, Turner DC, Aitken MR, Sahakian BJ. Methylphenidate improves response inhibition but not reflection–impulsivity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychopharmacology 2008, 202: 531. PMID: 18818905, PMCID: PMC2704617, DOI: 10.1007/s00213-008-1337-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderInformation Sampling TaskResponse inhibitionDeficit hyperactivity disorderHyperactivity disorderEducation-matched control groupPerformance of childrenForms of impulsivityStop-signal taskMeasures of impulsivityEffects of methylphenidateMulti-factorial constructADHD groupSignal taskImpulsivityPoor decisionsBehavioral symptomsMethylphenidateSampling tasksSame measuresPlacebo-controlled trialTaskChildrenImpairmentMeasuresThe Effects of Methylphenidate on Decision Making in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
DeVito EE, Blackwell AD, Kent L, Ersche KD, Clark L, Salmond CH, Dezsery AM, Sahakian BJ. The Effects of Methylphenidate on Decision Making in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2008, 64: 636-639. PMID: 18504036, PMCID: PMC2577132, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.04.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderCambridge Gamble TaskADHD groupHyperactivity disorderDecision-making cognitionDecision-making deficitsEffects of methylphenidatePoor decision makingParent-reported symptomsHealthy age-matched control groupNeuropsychological markersEveryday behaviorStimulant medicationDisruptive behaviorPoor decisionsPoor judgmentBetting behaviorLittle empirical dataControl subjectsPlacebo sessionAge-matched control groupTaskDecision makingMethylphenidatePlacebo-controlled trial
2006
Impulsivity, reward sensitivity, and decision-making in subarachnoid hemorrhage survivors
SALMOND CH, DEVITO EE, CLARK L, MENON DK, CHATFIELD DA, PICKARD JD, KIRKPATRICK PJ, SAHAKIAN BJ. Impulsivity, reward sensitivity, and decision-making in subarachnoid hemorrhage survivors. Journal Of The International Neuropsychological Society 2006, 12: 697-706. PMID: 16961951, DOI: 10.1017/s135561770606084x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubarachnoid hemorrhage survivorsSAH survivorsComputerized decision-making taskAspects of impulsivityDecision-making taskDecision-making behaviorReward sensitivityComputerized tasksImpulsive respondingRisk-Taking BehaviorEmotional changesComplex deficitsIndividual's abilityPoor judgmentAnterior communicating arteryImpulsivityTaskNature of decisionDecision makingCommunicating arteryDaily livingSurvivorsArteryDiminished capacityAneurysms