Local Delivery of the Toll-Like Receptor 9 Ligand CpG Downregulates Host Immune and Inflammatory Responses, Ameliorating Established Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis Chronic Infection
Ehrlich AK, Fernández OL, Rodriguez-Pinto D, Castilho TM, Caridad M, Goldsmith-Pestana K, Saravia NG, McMahon-Pratt D. Local Delivery of the Toll-Like Receptor 9 Ligand CpG Downregulates Host Immune and Inflammatory Responses, Ameliorating Established Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis Chronic Infection. Infection And Immunity 2017, 85: 10.1128/iai.00981-16. PMID: 28052994, PMCID: PMC5328479, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00981-16.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntigen-presenting cellsPeripheral blood mononuclear cellsCutaneous leishmaniasisB cellsIL-17IL-13Inflammatory responseMouse modelToll-like receptor 9 ligand CpGAlternate therapeutic approachCurrent treatment optionsBlood mononuclear cellsMixed inflammatory responseRegulatory cell functionProduction of IFNPredominant etiologic agentDose-response effectHost immune responseCell populationsGrowth factor βCpG treatmentRegulatory cellsChemokine responsesIL-10Host Immune