1994
Comparison of clinical manifestations of HIV infection between male and female injecting drug users
Vlahov D, Muñoz A, Solomon L, Astemborski J, Lindsay A, Anderson J, Galai N, Nelson K. Comparison of clinical manifestations of HIV infection between male and female injecting drug users. AIDS 1994, 8: 819-824. PMID: 7916193, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199406000-00015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD4 cell countHIV infectionCell countDrug usersMedian CD4 cell countPosterior cervical lymph nodesAIDS-free HIVHIV-seropositive menCervical lymph nodesHIV-seronegative controlsDiagnosis of AIDSShortness of breathPhysical examination findingsHIV-seropositive participantsSymptoms of diarrheaHIV serologyGenital herpesLymphocyte countLymph nodesMedian ageSimilar CD4Examination findingsClinical manifestationsClinical symptomsConstitutional signsDirect Comparison of the Relationship Between Clinical Outcome and Change in CD4+ Lymphocytes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Positive Homosexual Men and Injecting Drug Users
Margolick J, Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Astemborski J, Solomon L, He X, Nelson K, Saah A. Direct Comparison of the Relationship Between Clinical Outcome and Change in CD4+ Lymphocytes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Positive Homosexual Men and Injecting Drug Users. JAMA Internal Medicine 1994, 154: 869-875. PMID: 7908795, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1994.00420080065006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBisexualityCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesHIV SeropositivityHomosexualityHumansLeukocyte CountMaleSubstance Abuse, IntravenousConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus-positive homosexual menLymphocyte countHomosexual menImmunodeficiency syndromeDrug usersRate of declineStudy entryClinical outcomesHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionDevelopment of thrushMore frequent developmentImmunodeficiency virus infectionT cell subsetsInjecting Drug UsersProgression of diseaseRisk group membershipLower absolute numbersLymphocyte numbersClinical progressionClinical symptomsInitial levelDisease progressionVirus infectionStudy groupCD4Maturity of human immunodeficiency virus infection and incubation period of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in injecting drug users
Alcabes P, Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Friedland G. Maturity of human immunodeficiency virus infection and incubation period of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in injecting drug users. Annals Of Epidemiology 1994, 4: 17-26. PMID: 7911376, DOI: 10.1016/1047-2797(94)90038-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeBaltimoreCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCohort StudiesConfidence IntervalsHIV InfectionsHIV SeroprevalenceHomosexualityHumansIncidenceLeukocyte CountLife TablesMaleModels, StatisticalNew York CityPlatelet CountRegression AnalysisSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSurvival RateTime FactorsConceptsHIV infectionDrug usersImmunodeficiency syndromeMedian timeCombined cohortHomosexual menHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemicPercent of CD4Immunodeficiency virus infectionIncident HIV infectionProduct-limit methodMarkers of maturityHIV incubation distributionsPlatelet countVirus infectionLarge cohortSeroconversionCohortInfectionConfidence intervalsIncubation distributionAIDSVirus epidemicPopulation groups
1993
Comparison of Clinical Symptoms of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease Between Intravenous Drug Users and Homosexual Men
Palenicek J, Nelson K, Vlahov D, Galai N, Cohn S, Saah A. Comparison of Clinical Symptoms of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease Between Intravenous Drug Users and Homosexual Men. JAMA Internal Medicine 1993, 153: 1806-1812. PMID: 8101438, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1993.00410150094009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersCD4 cell levelsClinical symptomsDrug usersHomosexual menOral candidiasisHIV infectionPhysical examinationRisk groupsMale intravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diseaseRisk behavior interviewsCD4 cell countTotal lymphocyte countIntravenous drug useShortness of breathMost clinical symptomsHIV-1 infectionHuman immunodeficiency virusFrequency of symptomsIntermediate outcome measuresCell levelAbnormal hematocritHIV immunosuppressionNight sweats
1992
Effect of Chronic Substance Abuse on the Neuropsychological Performance of Intravenous Drug Users with a High Prevalence of HIV-1 Seropositivity
Concha M, Graham N, Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Royal W, Updike M, Nance-Sproson T, Seines O, McArthur J. Effect of Chronic Substance Abuse on the Neuropsychological Performance of Intravenous Drug Users with a High Prevalence of HIV-1 Seropositivity. American Journal Of Epidemiology 1992, 136: 1338-1348. PMID: 1362630, DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116446.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsBaltimoreBlack or African AmericanCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesChronic DiseaseCognition DisordersConfounding Factors, EpidemiologicEducational StatusEmploymentEvaluation Studies as TopicFemaleHIV SeropositivityHIV SeroprevalenceHIV-1HumansLeukocyte CountLinear ModelsMaleMass ScreeningNeuropsychological TestsPopulation SurveillancePredictive Value of TestsPrisonsPsychomotor PerformanceSubstance Abuse, IntravenousConceptsNeuropsychological test performanceHIV-1 seropositivityIntravenous drug usersTest performanceNeuropsychological performancePractice effectsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionDrug usersVirus type 1 infectionSubstance abuseSignificant practice effectsHIV-1 serostatusType 1 infectionIntravenous Experience (ALIVE) studyFrequency of drugChronic substance abuseNeuropsychological functioningCognitive performanceImmunodeficiency syndromeAsymptomatic stageHigh prevalenceOutcome measuresDrug useIntoxicated individualsMultivariate analysisImmune Serum Markers and CD4 Cell Counts in HIV-Infected Intravenous Drug Users.
Chaisson R, Taylor E, Margolick J, Muñoz A, Solomon L, Cohn S, Nelson K, Vlahov D. Immune Serum Markers and CD4 Cell Counts in HIV-Infected Intravenous Drug Users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1992, 5: 456. PMID: 1348535, DOI: 10.1097/00126334-199205000-00004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD4 cell countSerum immune markersDrug use patternsCell countCD4 countHIV statusImmune markersImmune activationDrug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHIV-seropositive individualsImmunodeficiency virus infectionSerum IgA levelsIntravenous drug usersAssociation of raceIgA levelsNeopterin levelsSerum markersVirus infectionLarge cohortBacterial infectionsHIVHepatitisInfectionMarkersChanges in T-Lymphocyte Subsets in Intravenous Drug Users With HIV-1 Infection
Margolick J, Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Solomon L, Astemborski J, Cohn S, Nelson K. Changes in T-Lymphocyte Subsets in Intravenous Drug Users With HIV-1 Infection. JAMA 1992, 267: 1631-1636. PMID: 1347321, DOI: 10.1001/jama.1992.03480120069035.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSeropositive intravenous drug usersIntravenous drug usersHIV-1 infectionHIV-1-seropositive intravenous drug usersDrug usersCell countSeronegative intravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1Complete blood cell countImmunodeficiency virus type 1Absolute numberCD4 cell countCD4 lymphocyte countPercentage of CD4T lymphocyte subsetsCD8 T cellsT cell subsetsCommunity-based clinicsBlood cell countTime of seroconversionVirus type 1Multivariate regression analysisUse of drugsCD4 lymphocytesCD8 lymphocytes
1991
Antibody Responses to Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccines in Men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Steinhoff M, Auerbach B, Nelson K, Vlahov D, Becker R, Graham N, Schwartz D, Lucas A, Chaisson R. Antibody Responses to Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccines in Men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. New England Journal Of Medicine 1991, 325: 1837-1842. PMID: 1683682, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199112263252603.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionInfluenzae type b vaccineAsymptomatic HIV infectionImmunodeficiency virus infectionSymptomatic HIV infectionType b vaccineHIV infectionAntibody responsePRP vaccineB vaccineVirus infectionH. influenzae type b vaccineHaemophilus influenzae type b vaccineType b polysaccharide vaccineGeometric mean antibody titersHIV-seropositive menPRP antibody titersPutative protective levelGreater antibody responseH. influenzae type b.Mean antibody titersSeronegative subjectsCD4 lymphocytesPolysaccharide vaccineSeronegative men