2005
Sexual Risk Behavior Among Injection Drug Users Before Widespread Availability of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Rusch M, Farzadegan H, Tarwater P, Safaeian M, Vlahov D, Strathdee S. Sexual Risk Behavior Among Injection Drug Users Before Widespread Availability of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. AIDS And Behavior 2005, 9: 289-299. PMID: 16133905, DOI: 10.1007/s10461-005-9003-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersCondom useAntiretroviral therapyHIV testingDrug usersEligible injection drug usersRisk behaviorsActive antiretroviral therapyInconsistent condom useSexual risk behaviorsIDU cohortHIV transmissionRetrospective analysisLower riskStudy exposureSexual riskLong-term studiesTherapySignificant changesCounselingRiskExposureLogistic modelWidespread availabilityCohortDrug use, misuse, and the urban environment
GALEA S, RUDENSTINE S, VLAHOV D. Drug use, misuse, and the urban environment. Drug And Alcohol Review 2005, 24: 127-136. PMID: 16076582, DOI: 10.1080/09595230500102509.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2004
Comparison of HIV infection risk behaviors among injection drug users from East and West Coast US cities
Garfein R, Monterroso E, Tong T, Vlahov D, Des Jarlais D, Selwyn P, Kerndt P, Word C, Fernando M, Ouellet L, Holmberg S. Comparison of HIV infection risk behaviors among injection drug users from East and West Coast US cities. Journal Of Urban Health 2004, 81: 260-267. PMID: 15136659, PMCID: PMC3456450, DOI: 10.1093/jurban/jth112.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersRisk behaviorsHIV seroprevalenceHigh human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalenceDrug usersHIV infection risk behaviorsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalenceInfection risk behaviorsPotential risk factorsHIV risk behaviorsHIV incidenceHIV statusRisk factorsVirus seroprevalenceSexual partnersPrevention effortsSeroprevalenceBaseline dataHIVFace interviewsInjectionNew York CityFurther effortsNew HavenParticipantsIncrease in Sexual Risk Behavior Associated with Immunologic Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users
Tun W, Gange S, Vlahov D, Strathdee S, Celentano D. Increase in Sexual Risk Behavior Associated with Immunologic Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2004, 38: 1167-1174. PMID: 15095224, DOI: 10.1086/383033.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersActive antiretroviral therapyHAART initiationCell countAntiretroviral therapyDrug usersSexual intercourseRisk reduction counselingHuman immunodeficiency virusLarge cohort studyDrug injection behaviorInjection of drugsUnprotected sexual intercourseSemiannual visitsReduction counselingCohort studyHIV infectionHIV serostatusImmunodeficiency virusImmunologic responseNeedle sharingBlood samplesSurvival analysisRisk behaviorsCD4Hepatitis C incidence—a comparison between injection and noninjection drug users in New York City
Fuller C, Ompad D, Galea S, Wu Y, Koblin B, Vlahov D. Hepatitis C incidence—a comparison between injection and noninjection drug users in New York City. Journal Of Urban Health 2004, 81: 20-24. PMID: 15047780, PMCID: PMC3456148, DOI: 10.1093/jurban/jth084.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virusInjection drug usersNoninjection drug usersDrug usersHCV seropositiveRisk of HCVNew injection drug usersPerson-time analysisAnnual incidence rateHepatitis C incidenceAnnual incident rateHigh-risk practicesHCV incidenceHCV seroconvertersNon-IDUsHCV serologyHCV preventionC virusRisk factorsIncidence ratePrevention servicesOnset of injectionEarly preventionNew York CityRisk Survey
2003
Variability in the Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Young Injecting Drug Users in New York City
Des Jarlais D, Diaz T, Perlis T, Vlahov D, Maslow C, Latka M, Rockwell R, Edwards V, Friedman S, Monterroso E, Williams I, Garfein R. Variability in the Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Young Injecting Drug Users in New York City. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2003, 157: 467-471. PMID: 12615611, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwf222.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis B virusHuman immunodeficiency virusHepatitis C virusImmunodeficiency virusB virusDrug usersHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionInjecting Drug UsersHigh HIV seroprevalenceHigh rateHBV incidenceHCV incidenceHCV transmissionCohort studyHIV seroprevalenceHIV incidenceHIV transmissionYoung Injecting Drug UsersC virusVirus infectionNew York CityIncidenceVirusYork CitySocial Circumstances of Initiation of Injection Drug Use and Early Shooting Gallery Attendance: Implications for HIV Intervention Among Adolescent and Young Adult Injection Drug Users
Fuller C, Vlahov D, Latkin C, Ompad D, Celentano D, Strathdee S. Social Circumstances of Initiation of Injection Drug Use and Early Shooting Gallery Attendance: Implications for HIV Intervention Among Adolescent and Young Adult Injection Drug Users. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2003, 32: 86. PMID: 12514419, DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200301010-00013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersNew injection drug usersOlder injection drug usersYoung adult injection drug usersDrug usersHigh-risk injection drug usersStreet-recruited injection drug usersAdult injection drug usersYoung injection drug usersGallery attendanceProspective cohort studyInjection drug useMultiple logistic regressionHigh-risk practicesCohort studyMedian ageHIV incidenceHIV prevalenceInnovative intervention strategiesHIV interventionsDrug useLogistic regressionHIVBaseline dataMost participants
2002
Highly active antiretroviral treatment does not increase sexual risk behaviour among French HIV infected injecting drug users
Bouhnik A, Moatti J, Vlahov D, Gallais H, Dellamonica P, Obadia Y. Highly active antiretroviral treatment does not increase sexual risk behaviour among French HIV infected injecting drug users. Journal Of Epidemiology & Community Health 2002, 56: 349. PMID: 11964431, PMCID: PMC1732133, DOI: 10.1136/jech.56.5.349.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSexual risk behaviorsAntiretroviral treatmentDrug usersRisk behaviorsPrescription of HAARTActive antiretroviral therapyProportion of patientsActive antiretroviral treatmentUnprotected sexual intercourseFrench HIVAntiretroviral therapyClinical improvementCohort studyTreatment-NaiveHIV transmissionAIDS careHAARTHIV riskHigh-risk activitiesHospital departmentsSexual riskHIVSexual intercourseMultivariate modelLongitudinal analysisHigh-risk behaviors associated with transition from illicit non-injection to injection drug use among adolescent and young adult drug users: a case-control study
Fuller C, Vlahov D, Ompad D, Shah N, Arria A, Strathdee S. High-risk behaviors associated with transition from illicit non-injection to injection drug use among adolescent and young adult drug users: a case-control study. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2002, 66: 189-198. PMID: 11906806, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00200-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersInjection drug useAge-matched case-control analysisDrug usersDrug useBlood-borne infectionsAge-matched personsCase-control studyConditional logistic regressionCase-control analysisHigh-risk behaviorsNon-injection heroinCharacteristics of personsHIV seroprevalenceCohort studyInjection useAdult drug usersLogistic regressionPrevention effortsSame calendar timeYoung adult drug usersCalendar timePrior yearAfrican AmericansBaselineSocial determinants and the health of drug users: socioeconomic status, homelessness, and incarceration.
Galea S, Vlahov D. Social determinants and the health of drug users: socioeconomic status, homelessness, and incarceration. Public Health Reports 2002, 117 Suppl 1: s135-45. PMID: 12435837, PMCID: PMC1913691.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug usersHealth consequencesSocioeconomic statusAdverse health consequencesPublic health interventionsIllicit drug useLow socioeconomic statusDrug use behaviorsDrug useHealth interventionsIndividual drug use behaviorRisk behaviorsSocial determinantsSocial factorsHealthStatusHigh levelsMedicationsFactors
2001
Sexual and drug risk-related behaviours after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users
Vlahov D, Safaien M, Lai S, Strathdee S, Johnson L, Sterling T, Celentano D. Sexual and drug risk-related behaviours after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users. AIDS 2001, 15: 2311-2316. PMID: 11698705, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200111230-00013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersHIV-seropositive injection drug usersActive antiretroviral therapyUntreated groupHigh-risk behaviorsAntiretroviral therapyConsecutive visitsDrug usersRisk behaviorsInitiation of HAARTCD4 cell countOngoing prospective studySemi-annual interviewsLinear growth curve analysesHAART useMedian ageMedication useProspective studyNeedle sharingHAARTCell countUnprotected sexRisk-related behaviorsCurve analysisStudy periodBlood-Borne and Sexual Transmission of Human Herpesvirus 8 in Women with or at Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Cannon M, Dollard S, Smith D, Klein R, Schuman P, Rich J, Vlahov D, Pellett P. Blood-Borne and Sexual Transmission of Human Herpesvirus 8 in Women with or at Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 344: 637-643. PMID: 11228278, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200103013440904.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnalysis of VarianceBlood-Borne PathogensFemaleHepatitis, Viral, HumanHerpesviridae InfectionsHerpesvirus 8, HumanHeterosexualityHIV InfectionsHumansLogistic ModelsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsRisk-TakingSeroepidemiologic StudiesSexual BehaviorSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSyphilisConceptsInjection drug useHHV-8 infectionHepatitis B virusHepatitis C virusHuman immunodeficiency virusHHV-8 seroprevalenceHHV-8Human herpesvirus 8Sexual transmissionRisk factorsHerpesvirus 8Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHHV-8 seropositivityHigh-risk sexual behaviorImmunodeficiency virus infectionBlood-borne transmissionDaily injection drug useHispanic ethnic backgroundEnzyme-linked immunosorbentRisk of seropositivityBlood borneSyphilis infectionHIV infectionIndependent predictorsImmunodeficiency virusSelective risk taking among needle exchange participants: implications for supplemental interventions.
Valente T, Vlahov D. Selective risk taking among needle exchange participants: implications for supplemental interventions. American Journal Of Public Health 2001, 91: 406-11. PMID: 11236405, PMCID: PMC1446573, DOI: 10.2105/ajph.91.3.406.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDynamics of behavioral risk factors for HIV/AIDS: a 6-year prospective study of injection drug users
Celentano D, Muñoz A, Cohn S, Vlahov D. Dynamics of behavioral risk factors for HIV/AIDS: a 6-year prospective study of injection drug users. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2001, 61: 315-322. PMID: 11164696, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00154-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBehavioral risk factorsInjection drug usersProspective studyHIV transmissionRisk factorsDrug usersHIV behavioral risk factorsIncremental risk reductionHIV/AIDSRisk reductionHIV-seronegativesTime-dependent covariatesDrug injectorsHigh riskRisk behaviorsBehavioral risksBehavior changeRisky behaviorsRegression modelsLongitudinal predictorsRiskSeronegativesHIVAIDSAbstinenceFactors Associated with Adolescent Initiation of Injection Drug Use
Fuller C, Vlahov D, Arria A, Ompad D, Garfein R, Strathdee S. Factors Associated with Adolescent Initiation of Injection Drug Use. Public Health Reports 2001, 116: 136-145. PMID: 11889281, PMCID: PMC1913680, DOI: 10.1093/phr/116.s1.136.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdolescent BehaviorAdultAge FactorsBaltimoreBlack or African AmericanCommunity-Institutional RelationsFemaleHealth BehaviorHepatitis CHIV InfectionsHumansLogistic ModelsMalePrimary PreventionProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk-TakingSexual BehaviorSubstance Abuse, IntravenousConceptsInjection drug useDrug useMedian ageInitiation of injectionCrack smokingNon-injection drug useAdolescent initiationHigh-risk groupYears of ageIllicit drug useAfrican AmericansDrug use practicesStudy enrollmentPrevents onsetEarly prevention effortsDrug usersMultivariate analysisCocaine useCondom useSmoking marijuanaLogistic regressionYoung drug usersPrevention effortsYoung adulthoodSmokingFactors associated with prevalent hepatitis C: differences among young adult injection drug users in lower and upper Manhattan, New York City
Diaz T, Des Jarlais D, Vlahov D, Perlis T, Edwards V, Friedman S, Rockwell R, Hoover D, Williams I, Monterroso E. Factors associated with prevalent hepatitis C: differences among young adult injection drug users in lower and upper Manhattan, New York City. American Journal Of Public Health 2001, 91: 23-30. PMID: 11189819, PMCID: PMC1446499, DOI: 10.2105/ajph.91.1.23.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersYoung adult injection drug usersAdult injection drug usersHepatitis B virusDrug usersHCV infectionPrevalent hepatitis C virus infectionHepatitis C virus infectionYoung injection drug usersAnti-HCV positivityPrevalent HCV infectionPrevalent hepatitis CC virus infectionHIV serologyHCV antibodiesHepatitis CB virusVirus infectionDrug treatmentDrug useHCVNew York CitySex practicesInfectionUpper Manhattan
2000
Correlates of enrollment in methadone maintenance treatment programs differ by HIV-serostatus
Shah N, Celentano D, Vlahov D, Stambolis V, Johnson L, Nelson K, Strathdee S. Correlates of enrollment in methadone maintenance treatment programs differ by HIV-serostatus. AIDS 2000, 14: 2035-2043. PMID: 10997409, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200009080-00020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBaltimoreCohort StudiesFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHIV AntibodiesHIV InfectionsHIV SeronegativityHIV SeropositivityHumansMaleMethadoneMiddle AgedNeedle-Exchange ProgramsProspective StudiesRisk-TakingSocioeconomic FactorsSubstance Abuse Treatment CentersSubstance Abuse, IntravenousConceptsMethadone maintenance treatment programInjection drug usersMaintenance treatment programNeedle exchange programsHIV serostatusHIV-seronegative injection drug usersSeronegative injection drug usersHIV-negative injection drug usersTreatment programHIV-seropositive participantsHealth care providersTreatment slotsNeedle exchange program participantsAfrican AmericansHIV testProspective cohortCare providersDrug usersProgram attendanceOlder ageCertain subgroupsVulnerable populationsSimilar proportionsBehavioral factorsEnrollmentGender differences in the initiation of injection drug use among young adults
Doherty M, Garfein R, Monterroso E, Latkin C, Vlahov D. Gender differences in the initiation of injection drug use among young adults. Journal Of Urban Health 2000, 77: 396-414. PMID: 10976613, PMCID: PMC3456045, DOI: 10.1007/bf02386749.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusInjection drug useHIV risk profilesDrug useRisk behaviorsRisk profileLow HIV prevalenceInjection drug usersMale sex partnersCommunity-based recruitmentPercentage of womenMale IDUsHIV prevalenceImmunodeficiency virusRisky injectionMost womenGender differencesDrug usersSex partnersInjection initiationYoung womenPatterns of initiationNumber of personsYoung adultsWomen
1999
HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among new initiates into injection drug use over the age of 40 years old
Carneiro M, Fuller C, Doherty M, Vlahov D. HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among new initiates into injection drug use over the age of 40 years old. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 1999, 54: 83-86. PMID: 10101620, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00142-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersInjection drug useRisk behaviorsDrug usersDrug useCross-sectional studyRates of HIVHigh-risk behaviorsAge of initiationHIV infectionHIV prevalenceFirst injectionWide age rangeAverage ageNew initiatesHygiene practicesAge rangeAgeRecruitment techniquesInjectionYearsHIVInitiationInfectionPrevalence
1998
Gender differences in injection-related behaviors among injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland.
Latkin C, Mandell W, Knowlton A, Doherty M, Vlahov D, Suh T, Celentano D. Gender differences in injection-related behaviors among injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland. AIDS Education And Prevention 1998, 10: 257-63. PMID: 9642423.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBaltimoreFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleRisk-TakingSex FactorsSubstance Abuse, IntravenousConceptsInjection drug usersDrug usersInjection-related behaviorsMultivariate analysis menHIV protective behaviorsHIV preventive interventionsGender differencesAnalysis menStop AIDSMother's residenceSex networksPreventive interventionsMultivariate analysisBivariate analysisRisk behaviorsBaseline dataWomenProtective behaviorsInterventionInjection behaviorDense personal networksDrug networksResidenceDifferencesSemipublic areas