2004
Mental health status among ethnic albanians seeking medical care in an emergency department two years after the war in Kosovo A pilot project
Fernandez W, Galea S, Ahern J, Sisco S, Waldman R, Koci B, Vlahov D. Mental health status among ethnic albanians seeking medical care in an emergency department two years after the war in Kosovo A pilot project. Annals Of Emergency Medicine 2004, 43: e1-e8. PMID: 14747823, DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2003.09.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMental component summary scoresComponent summary scoresMental health statusED patientsShort Form-36 mental component summary scoreSummary scoresLower mental component summary scoresHealth statusMedical careSeparate multivariable linear regression modelsShort Form-36Multivariable linear regression modelsPatients 2 yearsFourth Edition criteriaTraumatic eventsPublic health interventionsMental health problemsPosttraumatic stress disorderHarvard Trauma QuestionnairePosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomsSpecific vulnerable populationsForm-36Emergency departmentPsychosocial burdenFemale sex
2001
Effects of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1 3'A alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: An international meta-analysis of individual-patient data.
Ioannidis J, Rosenberg P, Goedert J, Ashton L, Benfield T, Buchbinder S, Coutinho R, Eugen-Olsen J, Gallart T, Katzenstein T, Kostrikis L, Kuipers H, Louie L, Mallal S, Margolick J, Martinez O, Meyer L, Michael N, Operskalski E, Pantaleo G, Rizzardi G, Schuitemaker H, Sheppard H, Stewart G, Theodorou I, Ullum H, Vicenzi E, Vlahov D, Wilkinson D, Workman C, Zagury J, O'Brien T. Effects of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1 3'A alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: An international meta-analysis of individual-patient data. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2001, 135: 782-95. PMID: 11694103, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-135-9-200111060-00008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionCCR2-64I alleleHIV-1 RNA levelsHIV-1 disease progressionDevelopment of AIDSIndividual patient dataCCR5-Delta32Decreased riskDisease progressionProtective effectLower HIV-1 RNA levelsRNA levelsProspective cohort studyCase-control studyClear protective effectStrong protective effectChemokine receptor genesRandom-effects modelCCR2-64ICohort studyStudy entryCertain chemokinesAIDSInfectionProgressionInitial Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels and Progression to AIDS in Women and Men
Sterling T, Vlahov D, Astemborski J, Hoover D, Margolick J, Quinn T. Initial Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels and Progression to AIDS in Women and Men. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 344: 720-725. PMID: 11236775, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200103083441003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultAnti-HIV AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountDisease ProgressionDisease-Free SurvivalEligibility DeterminationFemaleHIV AntibodiesHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansLongitudinal StudiesMalePractice Guidelines as TopicRegression AnalysisReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRiskRNA, ViralSex FactorsViral LoadConceptsInitial viral loadMedian initial viral loadHIV-1 RNAViral loadLymphocyte countHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionPlasma HIV-1 RNA levelsHIV-1 RNA levelsHIV-1 RNA copiesFemale injection drug usersVirus type 1 infectionHIV-1 seroconversionMedian initial CD4Risk of progressionHIV-1 infectionType 1 infectionInjection drug usersLikelihood of progressionRate of progressionAntiretroviral therapyInitial CD4Hazard ratioAntiretroviral treatmentTreatment guidelinesImmunodeficiency syndromeCharacteristics of injection drug using parents who retain their children
Pilowsky D, Lyles C, Cross S, Celentano D, Nelson K, Vlahov D. Characteristics of injection drug using parents who retain their children. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2001, 61: 113-122. PMID: 11137275, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00130-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersClinical symptomsHIV-positive parentsActive drug useAge 14High-risk practicesHIV statusInjection drugsRetention of childrenDrug usersDrug useAsymptomatic parentsHealth factorsHIVDrug practicesHealth insuranceChildrenPositive parentsCommunity sampleSymptomsRelated behaviorsParentsIllness
2000
Trends in crime and the introduction of a needle exchange program.
Marx M, Crape B, Brookmeyer R, Junge B, Latkin C, Vlahov D, Strathdee S. Trends in crime and the introduction of a needle exchange program. American Journal Of Public Health 2000, 90: 1933-6. PMID: 11111271, PMCID: PMC1446444, DOI: 10.2105/ajph.90.12.1933.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchThe effect of a needle exchange program on numbers of discarded needles: a 2-year follow-up.
Doherty M, Junge B, Rathouz P, Garfein R, Riley E, Vlahov D. The effect of a needle exchange program on numbers of discarded needles: a 2-year follow-up. American Journal Of Public Health 2000, 90: 936-9. PMID: 10846512, PMCID: PMC1446248, DOI: 10.2105/ajph.90.6.936.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1999
Sex Differences in Longitudinal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Levels among Seroconverters
Sterling T, Lyles C, Vlahov D, Astemborski J, Margolick J, Quinn T. Sex Differences in Longitudinal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Levels among Seroconverters. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1999, 180: 666-672. PMID: 10438353, DOI: 10.1086/314967.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levelsHIV-1 seroconvertersSex differencesCopies/mLHIV-1 pathogenesisInjection drug usersCase-control studyTime of seroconversionCross-sectional studyCourse of infectionMale patientsRapid progressorsFemale patientsCopies/Drug usersMale controlsVirus levelsPatientsRNA levelsSeroconvertersWomenMenNonprogressorsSeroconversionProgressors
1998
Molecular and Geographic Patterns of Tuberculosis Transmission After 15 Years of Directly Observed Therapy
Bishai W, Graham N, Harrington S, Pope D, Hooper N, Astemborski J, Sheely L, Vlahov D, Glass G, Chaisson R. Molecular and Geographic Patterns of Tuberculosis Transmission After 15 Years of Directly Observed Therapy. JAMA 1998, 280: 1679-1684. PMID: 9831999, DOI: 10.1001/jama.280.19.1679.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEpidemiologic linkObserved therapyTuberculosis casesTuberculosis transmissionRecent transmissionTraditional contact investigationsCulture-positive tuberculosisTuberculosis control measuresCases of tuberculosisCommon risk factorsProportion of casesHigher drug useLow socioeconomic statusProportion of diseaseContact investigationEpidemiologic evidenceM tuberculosisRisk factorsEpidemiologic comparisonsEpidemiologic linkageTuberculosis accountsInformation system dataTraditional contact tracingDrug useEarly identificationPrognostic Indicators for AIDS and Infectious Disease Death in HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users: Plasma Viral Load and CD4+ Cell Count
Vlahov D, Graham N, Hoover D, Flynn C, Bartlett J, Margolick J, Lyles C, Nelson K, Smith D, Holmberg S, Farzadegan H. Prognostic Indicators for AIDS and Infectious Disease Death in HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users: Plasma Viral Load and CD4+ Cell Count. JAMA 1998, 279: 35-40. PMID: 9424041, DOI: 10.1001/jama.279.1.35.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsBiomarkersBlack or African AmericanCD4 Lymphocyte CountDisease ProgressionFemaleHIV-1HumansMalePrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRegression AnalysisRNA, ViralSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSurvival AnalysisViral LoadConceptsInfectious disease deathsInjection drug usersPlasma viral loadViral loadDisease deathsCell countDrug usersPrognostic indicatorHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral loadAfrican American injection drug usersPlasma HIV-1 RNAHIV-1 viral loadInfectious diseasesClinical AIDS diagnosisLevels of CD4Kaplan-Meier analysisHIV-1 RNAPrognosis of personsPowerful prognostic informationProportional hazards modelCases of AIDSGood predictive valueCell count measurementsMedian followCohort studyCommunity Support for Needle Exchange Programs and Pharmacy Sale of Syringes: A Household Survey in Baltimore, Maryland
Keyl P, Gruskin L, Casano K, Montag H, Junge B, Vlahov D. Community Support for Needle Exchange Programs and Pharmacy Sale of Syringes: A Household Survey in Baltimore, Maryland. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1998, 18: s82-s88. PMID: 9663629, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199802001-00015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAttitude to HealthBaltimoreEducational StatusFamily CharacteristicsFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth SurveysHIV InfectionsHumansIncomeInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNeedle-Exchange ProgramsPharmaciesRegression AnalysisSurveys and QuestionnairesSyringesConceptsNeedle exchange programsInjection drug useInjection drug usersDrug usersMultivariate logistic regressionContiguous census tractsHIV incidenceNeedle exchangeDrug useEligible respondentsLogistic regressionExchange programsPharmacy salesCensus populationRandom sampleCensus tractsHousehold interviewsCommunity supportCommunity attitudesBaltimoreHousehold surveyIncidenceRespondentsTractNeedle
1997
Discarded Needles Do Not Increase Soon After the Opening of a Needle Exchange Program
Doherty M, Garfein R, Vlahov D, Junge B, Rathouz P, Galai N, Anthony J, Beilenson P. Discarded Needles Do Not Increase Soon After the Opening of a Needle Exchange Program. American Journal Of Epidemiology 1997, 145: 730-737. PMID: 9125999, DOI: 10.1093/aje/145.8.730.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1996
An International Collaborative Study of the Effects of Coinfection with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type II on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Disease Progression in Injection Drug Users
Hershow R, Galai N, Fukuda K, Graber J, Vlahov D, Rezza G, Klein R, Jarlais D, Vitek C, Khabbaz R, Freels S, Zuckerman R, Pezzotti P, Kaplan J. An International Collaborative Study of the Effects of Coinfection with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type II on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Disease Progression in Injection Drug Users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1996, 174: 309-317. PMID: 8699060, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/174.2.309.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersCD4 cell percentCell percentHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease progressionHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectionDrug usersInfected injection drug usersVirus type 1 infectionHuman T-lymphotropic virus type IIHIV seroconversion datesHTLV-II infectionType 1 infectionProportional hazards modelEffect of coinfectionSeroconversion datesCohort studyHIV infectionHTLV infectionDisease progressionAIDS mortalityHTLV-IIHazards modelRate of declineInternational collaborative studyWestern blotEffect of Isoniazid Chemoprophylaxis on HIV-Related Mycobacterial Disease
Graham N, Galai N, Nelson K, Astemborski J, Bonds M, Rizzo R, Sheeley L, Vlahov D. Effect of Isoniazid Chemoprophylaxis on HIV-Related Mycobacterial Disease. JAMA Internal Medicine 1996, 156: 889-894. PMID: 8774208, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1996.00440080089010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsM avium complexMycobacterial diseaseTuberculosis incidenceAvium complexCutaneous anergyIsoniazid chemoprophylaxisIsoniazid prophylaxisPreventive therapyRisk factorsIncidence rateCD4 lymphocyte cell countProspective observational cohort studyPPD-positive patientsTwice-weekly isoniazidWeeks of therapyObservational cohort studyLymphocyte cell countsMonths of diagnosisOverall incidence rateAnnual incidence ratePopulation-based dataStrong risk factorTuberculin-positive subjectsMycobacterium avium complexTuberculin-positive individuals
1994
Low power? Use two-dimensional confidence regions as a graphical method for depicting uncertainty
Chilcoat H, Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Anthony J. Low power? Use two-dimensional confidence regions as a graphical method for depicting uncertainty. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 1994, 36: 39-48. PMID: 7988358, DOI: 10.1016/0376-8716(94)90008-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMaturity of human immunodeficiency virus infection and incubation period of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in injecting drug users
Alcabes P, Muñoz A, Vlahov D, Friedland G. Maturity of human immunodeficiency virus infection and incubation period of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in injecting drug users. Annals Of Epidemiology 1994, 4: 17-26. PMID: 7911376, DOI: 10.1016/1047-2797(94)90038-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeBaltimoreCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCohort StudiesConfidence IntervalsHIV InfectionsHIV SeroprevalenceHomosexualityHumansIncidenceLeukocyte CountLife TablesMaleModels, StatisticalNew York CityPlatelet CountRegression AnalysisSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSurvival RateTime FactorsConceptsHIV infectionDrug usersImmunodeficiency syndromeMedian timeCombined cohortHomosexual menHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemicPercent of CD4Immunodeficiency virus infectionIncident HIV infectionProduct-limit methodMarkers of maturityHIV incubation distributionsPlatelet countVirus infectionLarge cohortSeroconversionCohortInfectionConfidence intervalsIncubation distributionAIDSVirus epidemicPopulation groups
1993
Comparison of Clinical Symptoms of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease Between Intravenous Drug Users and Homosexual Men
Palenicek J, Nelson K, Vlahov D, Galai N, Cohn S, Saah A. Comparison of Clinical Symptoms of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease Between Intravenous Drug Users and Homosexual Men. JAMA Internal Medicine 1993, 153: 1806-1812. PMID: 8101438, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1993.00410150094009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersCD4 cell levelsClinical symptomsDrug usersHomosexual menOral candidiasisHIV infectionPhysical examinationRisk groupsMale intravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diseaseRisk behavior interviewsCD4 cell countTotal lymphocyte countIntravenous drug useShortness of breathMost clinical symptomsHIV-1 infectionHuman immunodeficiency virusFrequency of symptomsIntermediate outcome measuresCell levelAbnormal hematocritHIV immunosuppressionNight sweats
1991
Sexually Transmitted Diseases in a Population of Intravenous Drug Users: Association with Seropositivity to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Nelson K, Vlahov D, Cohn S, Odunmbaku M, Lindsay A, Anthony J, Hook E. Sexually Transmitted Diseases in a Population of Intravenous Drug Users: Association with Seropositivity to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1991, 164: 457-463. PMID: 1869836, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/164.3.457.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virusHistory of syphilisHIV seropositivityDrug usersMultivariate analysisHeterosexual intravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus seropositivityMale intravenous drug usersEvidence of STDUnsafe sex practicesDrug use practicesHIV seroprevalenceHIV infectionImmunodeficiency virusVirus seropositivityPhysical examinationSexual transmissionCocaine injectionSeropositivitySex partnersSignificant associationSex practicesBisexual menSexual intercourse