1999
Pre-AIDS Mortality and Morbidity among Injection Drug Users in Amsterdam and Baltimore: An Ecological Comparison
van Ameijden E, Krol A, Vlahov D, Flynn C, van Haastrecht H, Coutinho R. Pre-AIDS Mortality and Morbidity among Injection Drug Users in Amsterdam and Baltimore: An Ecological Comparison. Substance Use & Misuse 1999, 34: 845-865. PMID: 10227114, DOI: 10.3109/10826089909037245.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAmphetaminesBaltimoreCause of DeathCocaineCohort StudiesComorbidityCost ControlCross-Cultural ComparisonDrug OverdoseEthanolFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHeroinHIV SeropositivityHospitalizationHumansMaleMethadoneNetherlandsRisk FactorsSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSuicideSurvival RateUnited StatesConceptsDrug usersHigh-dose methadone maintenanceIncidence of hospitalizationSuicide mortalityEmergency room visitsInjection drug usersDifferent health care systemsHealth care systemHIV seropositivityRoom visitsHospital visitsMethadone maintenancePrimary careRecent injectingRisk factorsAIDS mortalityLower mortalityPolydrug useMortalityCare systemSocietal costsMorbidityVisitsHospitalizationBaltimore
1994
Validation of the proposed World Health Organization staging system for HIV disease and infection in a cohort of intravenous drug users
Aylward R, Vlahov D, Muñoz A, Rapiti E. Validation of the proposed World Health Organization staging system for HIV disease and infection in a cohort of intravenous drug users. AIDS 1994, 8: 1129-1134. PMID: 7986411, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199408000-00015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersClinical stage 1Proportional hazards modelStaging systemProduct limit estimatesWorld Health OrganizationALIVE studyHIV diseaseHazards modelPopulation of IVDUWorld Health Organization (WHO) staging systemDrug usersCox proportional hazards modelStage 1WHO staging systemTime of progressionStage 2Index visitHIV seropositivityHIV-seropositivePrognostic utilityClinical stageClinical criteriaOriginal cohortClinical signsThe trading of sex for drugs or money and HIV seropositivity among female intravenous drug users.
Astemborski J, Vlahov D, Warren D, Solomon L, Nelson K. The trading of sex for drugs or money and HIV seropositivity among female intravenous drug users. American Journal Of Public Health 1994, 84: 382-7. PMID: 8129052, PMCID: PMC1614821, DOI: 10.2105/ajph.84.3.382.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFemale intravenous drug usersIntravenous drug usersHIV seropositivityHIV infectionDrug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalenceIntravenous drug useDrug-using womenTrading of sexCohort studyVirus seroprevalenceDrug useCocaine useIntensive interventionLogistic regressionSeropositivityNumber of partnersMultivariate modelDrugsWomenSexInfectionGroupHigh levelsSeroprevalence
1991
Sexually Transmitted Diseases in a Population of Intravenous Drug Users: Association with Seropositivity to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Nelson K, Vlahov D, Cohn S, Odunmbaku M, Lindsay A, Anthony J, Hook E. Sexually Transmitted Diseases in a Population of Intravenous Drug Users: Association with Seropositivity to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1991, 164: 457-463. PMID: 1869836, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/164.3.457.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virusHistory of syphilisHIV seropositivityDrug usersMultivariate analysisHeterosexual intravenous drug usersHuman immunodeficiency virus seropositivityMale intravenous drug usersEvidence of STDUnsafe sex practicesDrug use practicesHIV seroprevalenceHIV infectionImmunodeficiency virusVirus seropositivityPhysical examinationSexual transmissionCocaine injectionSeropositivitySex partnersSignificant associationSex practicesBisexual menSexual intercourse