2016
Reorganization of brain connectivity in obesity
Geha P, Cecchi G, Constable R, Abdallah C, Small DM. Reorganization of brain connectivity in obesity. Human Brain Mapping 2016, 38: 1403-1420. PMID: 27859973, PMCID: PMC6866793, DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23462.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlobal brain connectivityDorsal attention networkPeripheral metabolic dysfunctionHum Brain MappSuperior parietal lobuleSomatomotor cortexMetabolic dysfunctionVentrolateral prefrontal cortexPremotor areasCaudate nucleusNeurocognitive impairmentObesityAnterior hippocampusVisual cortexBrain regionsParietal lobuleBrain functionPrefrontal cortexBrain connectivityMilkshake consumptionCortexFeeding decisionsBrain organizationInsulaHomeostatic state
2015
Opposing relationships of BMI with BOLD and dopamine D2/3 receptor binding potential in the dorsal striatum
Cosgrove KP, Veldhuizen MG, Sandiego CM, Morris ED, Small DM. Opposing relationships of BMI with BOLD and dopamine D2/3 receptor binding potential in the dorsal striatum. Synapse 2015, 69: 195-202. PMID: 25664726, PMCID: PMC4411955, DOI: 10.1002/syn.21809.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBody mass indexPalatable food consumptionDorsal striatumMass indexBOLD responseReceptor availabilityRelationship of BMIFood consumptionPET studiesMagnetic resonance imaging studyPositron emission tomography studyBlood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responseDopamine D2/3 receptorsHigh-fat dietDopamine receptor levelsEmission tomography studiesFMRI studyResonance imaging studyFunctional magnetic resonance imaging studyLevel-dependent responsesReliable inverse relationshipHealthy weightD2/3 receptorsStriatal circuitryFat diet
2014
The neural signature of satiation is associated with ghrelin response and triglyceride metabolism
Sun X, Veldhuizen MG, Wray AE, de Araujo IE, Sherwin RS, Sinha R, Small DM. The neural signature of satiation is associated with ghrelin response and triglyceride metabolism. Physiology & Behavior 2014, 136: 63-73. PMID: 24732416, PMCID: PMC4195817, DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.04.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPalatable foodMeal terminationBrain responsesAd libitum mealPost-prandial reductionMedial orbitofrontal cortexDorsolateral prefrontal cortexGhrelin responseAcute changesFree fatty acidsPeripheral signalsTriglyceride metabolismBrain regionsBrain circuitsOrbitofrontal cortexPrefrontal cortexAmount of foodGhrelinMidbrainMilkshakeTriglyceridesCortexFatty acidsEnergy storesGreater attenuation
2013
Decreased caudate response to milkshake is associated with higher body mass index and greater impulsivity
Babbs RK, Sun X, Felsted J, Chouinard-Decorte F, Veldhuizen MG, Small DM. Decreased caudate response to milkshake is associated with higher body mass index and greater impulsivity. Physiology & Behavior 2013, 121: 103-111. PMID: 23562867, PMCID: PMC3731396, DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.03.025.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBody mass indexCaudate responseMass indexCaudate nucleusBrain responsesHigher body mass indexWeight gainHealthy weight subjectsTasteless control solutionEnergy-dense foodsSelf-reported impulsivityWeight subjectsNegative associationVentral putamenDorsal striatumFood rewardDense foodsSignificant associationInverse correlationMilkshakeOverweightGreater impulsivityMeasures of impulsivityGreater responseAssociation
2012
Food and drug cues activate similar brain regions: A meta-analysis of functional MRI studies
Tang D, Fellows L, Small D, Dagher A. Food and drug cues activate similar brain regions: A meta-analysis of functional MRI studies. Physiology & Behavior 2012, 106: 317-324. PMID: 22450260, DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.03.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSmoking cuesOrbital frontal cortexNeutral cuesFood cuesVisual foodBlood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responseBrain regionsSimilar brain regionsBilateral orbital frontal cortexActivation likelihood estimationFrontal cortexFunctional MRI studyLevel-dependent responsesBrain imaging studiesNeuro-imaging studiesDrug cuesImaging studiesInsula activationSubjective cravingConditioned cuesIncentive salienceBrain responsesBilateral insulaBrain networksLeft amygdala
2011
The Anterior Insular Cortex Represents Breaches of Taste Identity Expectation
Veldhuizen MG, Douglas D, Aschenbrenner K, Gitelman DR, Small DM. The Anterior Insular Cortex Represents Breaches of Taste Identity Expectation. Journal Of Neuroscience 2011, 31: 14735-14744. PMID: 21994389, PMCID: PMC3221736, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1502-11.2011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchYouth at Risk for Obesity Show Greater Activation of Striatal and Somatosensory Regions to Food
Stice E, Yokum S, Burger KS, Epstein LH, Small DM. Youth at Risk for Obesity Show Greater Activation of Striatal and Somatosensory Regions to Food. Journal Of Neuroscience 2011, 31: 4360-4366. PMID: 21430137, PMCID: PMC3260083, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.6604-10.2011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNormal weight humansObese humansStriatal responsesFood intakeOrbitofrontal cortexDopamine signalingWeight gainInitial vulnerability factorsGenetic riskStriatal D2 receptorsMonetary rewardsNormal-weight adolescentsPalatable food intakeD2 receptor densityD2 receptorsHigh-risk youthParietal operculumReceptor densitySomatosensory regionsPalatable foodFoods contributesFrontal operculumReward circuitryReduced dopamineObesity
2010
Genetically Determined Differences in Brain Response to a Primary Food Reward
Felsted JA, Ren X, Chouinard-Decorte F, Small DM. Genetically Determined Differences in Brain Response to a Primary Food Reward. Journal Of Neuroscience 2010, 30: 2428-2432. PMID: 20164326, PMCID: PMC2831082, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5483-09.2010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBrain responsesPrimary food rewardFunctional magnetic resonanceTaqIA A1 alleleOrbital frontal cortexReward driveIndividual differencesNeural responsesFuture weight gainFood rewardPalatable foodNeuroimaging techniquesPerceptual responsesBiological underpinningsIndividual factorsFrontal cortexImpulsivityDiminished dopamineSimilar ratingsFood reinforcementRewardSpecific associationNeurophysiologyMilkshakeBody mass index