2017
Pioglitazone Prevents Stroke in Patients With a Recent Transient Ischemic Attack or Ischemic Stroke
Yaghi S, Furie KL, Viscoli CM, Kamel H, Gorman M, Dearborn J, Young LH, Inzucchi SE, Lovejoy AM, Kasner SE, Conwit R, Kernan WN. Pioglitazone Prevents Stroke in Patients With a Recent Transient Ischemic Attack or Ischemic Stroke. Circulation 2017, 137: 455-463. PMID: 29084736, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.030458.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackIschemic strokeIschemic attackNondiabetic patientsStroke outcomeStroke eventsInsulin resistanceRecent transient ischemic attackCox proportional hazards modelQualifying ischemic strokeEffect of pioglitazoneFirst stroke eventProportional hazards modelPrevents strokeHemorrhagic eventsComposite outcomeSecondary preventionRecent strokeIRIS trialMyocardial infarctionTreatment groupsHazards modelPioglitazoneConsensus criteriaSurvival analysis
2016
Pioglitazone and Risk for Bone Fracture: Safety Data From a Randomized Clinical Trial
Viscoli CM, Inzucchi SE, Young LH, Insogna KL, Conwit R, Furie KL, Gorman M, Kelly MA, Lovejoy AM, Kernan WN, Investigators F. Pioglitazone and Risk for Bone Fracture: Safety Data From a Randomized Clinical Trial. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2016, 102: 914-922. PMID: 27935736, PMCID: PMC5460686, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-3237.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackIschemic strokeFracture riskBone fracturesRisk/benefit ratioAbsolute fracture riskInsulin Resistance InterventionPlacebo-treated patientsIschemic attackNondiabetic patientsPlacebo groupCardiovascular riskBone healthStroke trialsNondiabetic participantsPrevent fallsClinical trialsRelative riskSafety dataFracture classificationQuarterly interviewsPioglitazonePatientsResistance InterventionRisk incrementA Diagnostic Score for Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Patients with Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
Xu J, Viscoli CM, Ford GA, Gorman M, Kernan WN, Investigators I. A Diagnostic Score for Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Patients with Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack. Journal Of Stroke And Cerebrovascular Diseases 2016, 25: 1705-1712. PMID: 27080156, PMCID: PMC5749402, DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.03.043.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedArea Under CurveBiomarkersBlood GlucoseBlood PressureBody Mass IndexBrain IschemiaFemaleGlucose Metabolism DisordersHumansInsulinInsulin ResistanceIschemic Attack, TransientLipoproteins, HDLMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisObesity, AbdominalPredictive Value of TestsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicReproducibility of ResultsRisk FactorsROC CurveSex FactorsStrokeTriglyceridesWaist-Hip RatioConceptsTransient ischemic attackBody mass indexInsulin resistanceMultivariable regression analysisNondiabetic patientsIschemic strokeIschemic attackAbdominal obesityValidation cohortTriglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratioHigh-density lipoprotein ratioRecent ischemic strokeHomeostasis model assessmentSystolic blood pressureLaboratory test valuesRegression analysisElevated waistHOMA-IRLipoprotein ratioBlood pressureMass indexMultivariable analysisStroke patientsHip ratioMale gender
2014
Pioglitazone for secondary prevention after ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: Rationale and design of the Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke Trial
Viscoli CM, Brass LM, Carolei A, Conwit R, Ford GA, Furie KL, Gorman M, Guarino PD, Inzucchi SE, Lovejoy AM, Parsons MW, Peduzzi PN, Ringleb PA, Schwartz GG, Spence JD, Tanne D, Young LH, Kernan WN, investigators I. Pioglitazone for secondary prevention after ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: Rationale and design of the Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke Trial. American Heart Journal 2014, 168: 823-829.e6. PMID: 25458644, PMCID: PMC4254508, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2014.07.016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultCognition DisordersDose-Response Relationship, DrugDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin ResistanceIschemic Attack, TransientMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionPatient Outcome AssessmentPioglitazoneRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSecondary PreventionStrokeSurvival AnalysisThiazolidinedionesConceptsTransient ischemic attackMyocardial infarctionIschemic attackVascular eventsIschemic strokeSecondary preventionIRIS trialInsulin resistanceHomeostasis model assessment-insulin resistanceModel assessment-insulin resistanceEffectiveness of pioglitazoneInsulin Resistance InterventionRecent ischemic strokeRecurrent vascular eventsAssessment-insulin resistanceIschemic vascular eventsAcute coronary syndromeInsulin-resistant patientsInsulin-sensitizing drugsEligible patientsIndex strokeNondiabetic patientsCardiovascular outcomesCause mortalityCoronary syndrome
2003
Impaired insulin sensitivity among nondiabetic patients with a recent TIA or ischemic stroke
Kernan WN, Inzucchi SE, Viscoli CM, Brass LM, Bravata DM, Shulman GI, McVeety JC, Horwitz RI. Impaired insulin sensitivity among nondiabetic patients with a recent TIA or ischemic stroke. Neurology 2003, 60: 1447-1451. PMID: 12743229, DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000063318.66140.a3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImpaired insulin sensitivityIschemic strokeInsulin sensitivityRecent TIANondiabetic patientsMyocardial infarctionComposite insulin sensitivity indexInsulin sensitivity index valuesOral glucose tolerance testAge 45 yearsGlucose tolerance testInsulin sensitivity indexImportant therapeutic implicationsEligible patientsNondiabetic menStroke etiologyEligible subjectsMedian ageYounger patientsTolerance testHeart diseaseTherapeutic implicationsPatientsGlucose valuesStrokePioglitazone Improves Insulin Sensitivity Among Nondiabetic Patients With a Recent Transient Ischemic Attack or Ischemic Stroke
Kernan WN, Inzucchi SE, Viscoli CM, Brass LM, Bravata DM, Shulman GI, McVeety JC, Horwitz RI. Pioglitazone Improves Insulin Sensitivity Among Nondiabetic Patients With a Recent Transient Ischemic Attack or Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2003, 34: 1431-1436. PMID: 12730556, DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000071108.00234.0e.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecent transient ischemic attackTransient ischemic attackGlucose tolerance testOral glucose tolerance testHistory of diabetesInsulin sensitivityTolerance testIschemic attackNondiabetic patientsEligible subjectsIschemic strokeMean C-reactive protein concentrationC-reactive protein concentrationsEffectiveness of pioglitazoneMonths of therapyGlucose blood levelsYears of ageMean proportional increaseIndex eventBlood levelsPatientsPlaceboPioglitazoneStrokeDiabetes