Word and Tone Working Memory Deficits in Schizophrenia
Wexler BE, Stevens AA, Bowers AA, Sernyak MJ, Goldman-Rakic PS. Word and Tone Working Memory Deficits in Schizophrenia. JAMA Psychiatry 1998, 55: 1093-1096. PMID: 9862552, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.55.12.1093.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMemory testNonverbal testsVerbal testsMemory deficitsSerial position taskTests of perceptionAuditory memory testVerbal memory deficitsWorking Memory DeficitsImmediate recall taskSignificant performance deficitsRecall taskVerbal memoryPerceptual functionsSustained attentionDiscrimination taskPitch discriminationSelective deficitNormal motivationPerformance deficitsPosition taskMemory testingCognitive functionMedicated outpatientsInformation processingCortical Dysfunction in Schizophrenia During Auditory Word and Tone Working Memory Demonstrated by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Stevens AA, Goldman-Rakic PS, Gore JC, Fulbright RK, Wexler BE. Cortical Dysfunction in Schizophrenia During Auditory Word and Tone Working Memory Demonstrated by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. JAMA Psychiatry 1998, 55: 1097-1103. PMID: 9862553, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.55.12.1097.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerial position taskFunctional magnetic resonance imagingInferior frontal gyrusPosition taskMemory deficitsFrontal gyrusLeft inferior frontal gyrusAnterior temporal lobe areasTask-specific activationFunctional magnetic resonanceSpeech-related areasCortical hemodynamic responsesTemporal lobe areasSevere cognitive deficitsAuditory wordsWorking memoryVerbal learningNeural basisSuch deficitsCognitive deficitsCognitive functionParietal lobeLobe areasMagnetic resonance imagingCognitive dysfunction