Vitamin D Levels in the United States: Temporal Trends (2011–2018) and Contemporary Associations with Sociodemographic Characteristics (2017–2018)
Subramanian A, Burrowes H, Rumph J, Wilkerson J, Jackson C, Jukic A. Vitamin D Levels in the United States: Temporal Trends (2011–2018) and Contemporary Associations with Sociodemographic Characteristics (2017–2018). Nutrients 2024, 16: 3414. PMID: 39408379, PMCID: PMC11478591, DOI: 10.3390/nu16193414.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyNon-Hispanic black femalesVitamin D levelsNational Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys survey cyclesHealth and Nutrition Examination SurveyNon-Hispanic blacksAssociated with larger decrementsNutrition Examination SurveyMedian 25(OH)DD levelsPredictors of 25(OH)D levelsMultivariate linear regressionExamination SurveyPrevalence of 25(OH)DSurvey cyclesWeighted medianLevels of 25(OH)DSociodemographic characteristicsVitamin D supplementationFemales of reproductive ageHigher BMILow-incomeIncreased BMIMexican AmericansVitamin D data