Increased Risk of Radiographic Emphysema in HIV Is Associated With Elevated Soluble CD14 and Nadir CD4
Attia EF, Akgün KM, Wongtrakool C, Goetz MB, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Rimland D, Brown ST, Hoo G, Kim J, Lee PJ, Schnapp LM, Sharafkhaneh A, Justice AC, Crothers K. Increased Risk of Radiographic Emphysema in HIV Is Associated With Elevated Soluble CD14 and Nadir CD4. CHEST Journal 2014, 146: 1543-1553. PMID: 25080158, PMCID: PMC4251616, DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-0543.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsBiomarkersCD4 AntigensComorbidityConfidence IntervalsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansLipopolysaccharide ReceptorsLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPrognosisPulmonary EmphysemaRadiographyReference ValuesRisk AssessmentSensitivity and SpecificitySeverity of Illness IndexSex FactorsStatistics, NonparametricConceptsIndependent risk factorSoluble CD14 levelsHIV infectionRadiographic emphysemaEmphysema severityCD14 levelsRisk factorsHIV-Associated Lung Emphysema (EXHALE) studyHigher soluble CD14 levelsNadir CD4 cell countMultivariable logistic regression modelElevated soluble CD14CD4 cell countCells/μLLower lung zonesRisk of HIVCross-sectional analysisLogistic regression modelsNadir CD4HIV RNALung involvementHIV severityD-dimerDiffuse involvementMultivariable analysis