2024
Quadrivalent Conjugate Vaccine and Invasive Meningococcal Disease in US Adolescents and Young Adults
Shin T, Wells C, Shoukat A, Potter-Schwartz L, Langevin E, Langley J, Galvani A, Moghadas S. Quadrivalent Conjugate Vaccine and Invasive Meningococcal Disease in US Adolescents and Young Adults. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2443551. PMID: 39504021, PMCID: PMC11541638, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.43551.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInvasive meningococcal diseaseInvasive meningococcal disease casesCases of invasive meningococcal diseaseQuadrivalent conjugate vaccineUS adolescentsMeningococcal diseaseConjugate vaccineMenACWY vaccineIncidence rates of invasive meningococcal diseasePrevention of invasive meningococcal diseaseIncidence rateBurden of meningococcal diseaseUS adolescent populationUS populationYoung adultsImmunization of adolescentsIncidence of invasive meningococcal diseaseBayesian hierarchical Poisson regression modelsDecision analytical studyRate of invasive meningococcal diseaseMenACWY vaccination programUnvaccinated individualsDecision analytic modelHierarchical Poisson regression modelYears of ageEstimating the lives that could be saved by expanded access to weight-loss drugs
Pandey A, Ye Y, Wells C, Singer B, Galvani A. Estimating the lives that could be saved by expanded access to weight-loss drugs. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2024, 121: e2412872121. PMID: 39405358, PMCID: PMC11513960, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2412872121.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlucagon-like peptide-1Body mass index categoriesObesity prevalence dataGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsHazard ratio of mortalityRatio of mortalityPublic health impactWeight loss drugsInsurance coverage issuesGastric inhibitory polypeptideHealthcare accessType 2 diabetesUnited StatesPublic health crisisObesity epidemicReceptor agonistsIndex categoriesHazard ratioPrevalence dataInhibitory polypeptidePeptide-1Health impactsNovel treatmentObesityHealth crisisDo COVID-19 Infectious Disease Models Incorporate the Social Determinants of Health? A Systematic Review
John-Baptiste A, Moulin M, Li Z, Hamilton D, Crichlow G, Klein D, Alemu F, Ghattas L, McDonald K, Asaria M, Sharpe C, Pandya E, Moqueet N, Champredon D, Moghadas S, Cooper L, Pinto A, Stranges S, Haworth-Brockman M, Galvani A, Ali S. Do COVID-19 Infectious Disease Models Incorporate the Social Determinants of Health? A Systematic Review. Public Health Reviews 2024, 45: 1607057. PMID: 39450316, PMCID: PMC11499127, DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2024.1607057.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSocial determinants of healthDeterminants of healthSocial determinantsAppraised study qualityWeb of ScienceStudy qualityTargeted interventionsStudy characteristicsPractice guidelinesCochrane LibraryRemote/rural locationsCOVID-19HealthUnited StatesMultiple countriesDifferential impactAgeRace/ethnicityMEDLINEEmbaseInterventionCochraneMathematical modeling studiesPandemicDisease modelsIncorporating Social Determinants of Health in Infectious Disease Models: A Systematic Review of Guidelines
Ali S, Li Z, Moqueet N, Moghadas S, Galvani A, Cooper L, Stranges S, Haworth-Brockman M, Pinto A, Asaria M, Champredon D, Hamilton D, Moulin M, John-Baptiste A. Incorporating Social Determinants of Health in Infectious Disease Models: A Systematic Review of Guidelines. Medical Decision Making 2024, 44: 742-755. PMID: 39305116, PMCID: PMC11491037, DOI: 10.1177/0272989x241280611.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSocial determinants of healthDeterminants of healthIncorporating social determinants of healthSocial determinantsSystematic review of guidelinesDisease riskHealth burdenPolicy impactImprove equitable accessSocial groupsImplementation challengesReview of guidelinesSocial heterogeneityImpact of infectious disease outbreaksSocioeconomic statusMitigation of disparitiesSystematic reviewEquitable accessDisease burdenEstimate policy impactsHealthID guidelinesInfectious disease outbreaksCOVID-19 pandemicDistributional impactsThe HIV response beyond 2030: preparing for decades of sustained HIV epidemic control in eastern and southern Africa
Group T, Akullian A, Akulu R, Aliyu G, Anam F, Guichard A, Ayles H, Baggaley R, Bansi-Matharu L, Baptiste S, Bershteyn A, Cambiano V, Carter A, Chotun N, Citron D, Crowley S, Dalal S, Edun O, Fraser C, Galvani A, Garnett G, Glabius R, Godfrey-Faussett P, Grabowski M, Gray G, Hargreaves J, Imai-Eaton J, Johnson L, Kaftan D, Kagaayi J, Kataika E, Kilonzo N, Kirungi W, Korenromp E, Kouton M, Abeler-Dörner L, Mahy M, Mangal T, Martin-Hughes R, Matsikure S, Meyer-Rath G, Mishra S, Mmelesi M, Mohammed A, Moolla H, Morrison M, Moyo S, Mudimu E, Mugabe M, Murenga M, Ng'ang'a J, Olaifa Y, Phillips A, Pickles M, Probert W, Ramaabya D, Rautenbach S, Revill P, Shakarishvili A, Sheneberger R, Smith J, Stegling C, Stover J, Tanser F, Taramusi I, Brink D, Whittles L, Zaidi I. The HIV response beyond 2030: preparing for decades of sustained HIV epidemic control in eastern and southern Africa. The Lancet 2024, 404: 638-641. PMID: 38782003, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00980-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMortality and morbidity ramifications of proposed retractions in healthcare coverage for the United States
Pandey A, Fitzpatrick M, Singer B, Galvani A. Mortality and morbidity ramifications of proposed retractions in healthcare coverage for the United States. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2024, 121: e2321494121. PMID: 38648491, PMCID: PMC11066981, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321494121.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchA retrospective cohort study of Paxlovid efficacy depending on treatment time in hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Du Z, Wang L, Bai Y, Liu Y, Lau E, Galvani A, Krug R, Cowling B, Meyers L. A retrospective cohort study of Paxlovid efficacy depending on treatment time in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. ELife 2024, 13: e89801. PMID: 38622989, PMCID: PMC11078542, DOI: 10.7554/elife.89801.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsViral sheddingHospitalized COVID-19 patientsSARS-CoV-2Retrospective cohort studyRisk of reboundCOVID-19 patientsViral reboundTime of treatmentTreated patientsPreventing severe illnessEarly treatmentCohort studyHospitalized patientsPatientsViral replicationReducing infectiousnessSevere illnessTimely treatmentViral dynamicsHealth record dataTreatmentTransmission riskTransmission of SARS-CoV-2EfficacySymptomsEvaluation of Strategies for Transitioning to Annual SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Campaigns in the United States.
Wells C, Pandey A, Moghadas S, Fitzpatrick M, Singer B, Galvani A. Evaluation of Strategies for Transitioning to Annual SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Campaigns in the United States. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2024, 177: 609-617. PMID: 38527289, DOI: 10.7326/m23-2451.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaignSARS-CoV-2Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDisease Control and PreventionSARS-CoV-2 vaccinesHealth care costsVaccine-acquired immunityFood and Drug AdministrationU.S. Food and Drug AdministrationControl and PreventionNational Institutes of HealthVaccination campaignInfluenza vaccineInitial doseInstitutes of HealthSARS-CoV-2 variantsBooster doseImmune evasionDrug AdministrationUnited StatesNotsew Orm Sands FoundationDoseHealthPopulation immunityNational InstituteA Generalizable Theory-Driven Agent-Based Framework to Study Conflict-Induced Forced Migration
Mehrab Z, Stundal L, Venkatramanan S, Swarup S, Lewis B, Mortveit H, Barrett C, Pandey A, Wells C, Galvani A, Singer B, Moghadas S, Leblang D, Colwell R, Marathe M. A Generalizable Theory-Driven Agent-Based Framework to Study Conflict-Induced Forced Migration. Proceedings Of The AAAI Conference On Artificial Intelligence 2024, 38: 23027-23033. DOI: 10.1609/aaai.v38i21.30345.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAgent-based frameworkForced migrationGraph dynamical systemsPolicy implicationsConflict-induced migrationLarge-scale population displacementMigration outflowPolicy challengesComputational frameworkSpatial granularityPopulation displacementSocial theoryConflict settingsRussian forcesModeling frameworkCivilian populationSocial sciencesPolicyAn agent-based framework to study forced migration: A case study of Ukraine
Mehrab Z, Stundal L, Venkatramanan S, Swarup S, Lewis B, Mortveit H, Barrett C, Pandey A, Wells C, Galvani A, Singer B, Leblang D, Colwell R, Marathe M. An agent-based framework to study forced migration: A case study of Ukraine. PNAS Nexus 2024, 3: pgae080. PMID: 38505694, PMCID: PMC10949908, DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae080.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchForced migrationOutflow of migrantsCase study of UkraineStudy of UkraineDeliver humanitarian assistanceMigration flowsHumanitarian assistanceHumanitarian resourcesPolicy-makersConflict eventsPolicymaker uncertaintyPolicy questionsRussian aggressionCrisis settingsUkraine warConflictPolicyConflict scenariosUkraineCase studyMigrantsMigrationBehavioral theoryWarCrisisImpact and cost-effectiveness analyses of vaccination for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus disease among older adults in Ontario: A Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) study
Shoukat A, Bawden C, Röst G, LeBlanc J, Galvani A, Langley J, Moghadas S. Impact and cost-effectiveness analyses of vaccination for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus disease among older adults in Ontario: A Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) study. Vaccine 2024, 42: 1768-1776. PMID: 38368226, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIncremental cost-effectiveness ratioQuality-adjusted life yearsLong-term care homesCommunity-dwelling older adultsCanadian Immunization Research NetworkIncremental cost-effectiveness ratio valuesResidents of long-term care homesRSV diseaseOlder adultsBurden of RSV diseaseRespiratory syncytial virus diseaseNo-vaccination scenarioRSV-related hospitalisationNo vaccinesRespiratory syncytial virusVaccination programBudget impactSocietal perspectiveCost-effectiveness ratioReduction of hospitalizationInfluenza vaccineRSV seasonSyncytial virusHealth benefitsAnalysis of vaccinationEarly Release - Public Health Impact of Paxlovid as Treatment for COVID-19, United States - Volume 30, Number 2—February 2024 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Bai Y, Du Z, Wang L, Lau E, Fung I, Holme P, Cowling B, Galvani A, Krug R, Meyers L. Early Release - Public Health Impact of Paxlovid as Treatment for COVID-19, United States - Volume 30, Number 2—February 2024 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2024, 30: 262-269. PMID: 38181800, PMCID: PMC10826746, DOI: 10.3201/eid3002.230835.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2023
Cost-effectiveness analysis of nirsevimab and maternal RSVpreF vaccine strategies for prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus disease among infants in Canada: a simulation study
Shoukat A, Abdollahi E, Galvani A, Halperin S, Langley J, Moghadas S. Cost-effectiveness analysis of nirsevimab and maternal RSVpreF vaccine strategies for prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus disease among infants in Canada: a simulation study. The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2023, 28: 100629. PMID: 38026446, PMCID: PMC10663690, DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100629.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEntire birth cohortPregnant womenBirth cohortCost-effectiveness analysisRSV seasonHigh riskBudget impactRespiratory syncytial virus diseaseSocietal perspectiveAnnual budget impactFirst RSV seasonHealth benefitsRespiratory syncytial virusImmunisation of infantsYears of ageLow budget impactMonths of ageNet monetary benefitMaternal vaccinesRSV infectionPassive immunisationGestational ageImmunisation strategiesSyncytial virusVaccine strategies
2015
The Impact of Enhanced Screening and Treatment on Hepatitis C in the United States
Durham DP, Skrip LA, Bruce RD, Vilarinho S, Elbasha EH, Galvani AP, Townsend JP. The Impact of Enhanced Screening and Treatment on Hepatitis C in the United States. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2015, 62: 298-304. PMID: 26628566, PMCID: PMC4706637, DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ894.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virusInterferon-free DAAsHCV incidenceTreatment ratesChronic hepatitis C virusCases of cirrhosisInjection drug useImpact of administrationAnnual treatment ratesEnhanced screeningHCV prevalenceHCV screeningDecompensated cirrhosisHCV infectionHCV transmissionHepatitis CLiver transplantActing antiviralsLevels of screeningPatients 4C virusHepatocellular carcinomaEpidemiological dataUniversal screeningDrug useImpact of bed capacity on spatiotemporal shifts in Ebola transmission
Townsend JP, Skrip LA, Galvani AP. Impact of bed capacity on spatiotemporal shifts in Ebola transmission. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2015, 112: 14125-14126. PMID: 26518509, PMCID: PMC4655579, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1518484112.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersStrategies to prevent future Ebola epidemics
Fallah M, Skrip LA, d'Harcourt E, Galvani AP. Strategies to prevent future Ebola epidemics. The Lancet 2015, 386: 131. PMID: 26194388, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)61233-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchReassessment of HIV-1 Acute Phase Infectivity: Accounting for Heterogeneity and Study Design with Simulated Cohorts
Bellan SE, Dushoff J, Galvani AP, Meyers LA. Reassessment of HIV-1 Acute Phase Infectivity: Accounting for Heterogeneity and Study Design with Simulated Cohorts. PLOS Medicine 2015, 12: e1001801. PMID: 25781323, PMCID: PMC4363602, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001801.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElevated viral loadAcute phaseViral load trajectoriesSexual network structureViral loadStudy terminationExclusion criteriaRetrospective cohort study designStudy designAcute phase durationSerodiscordant heterosexual couplesRetrospective cohort dataCohort study designProportion of transmissionCourse of infectionRetrospective cohortAntiretroviral treatmentSerodiscordant couplesChronic phaseSimulated cohortRelative hazardCohort dataCohortWide credibility intervalsAdditional risk
2014
Strategies for containing Ebola in West Africa
Pandey A, Atkins KE, Medlock J, Wenzel N, Townsend JP, Childs JE, Nyenswah TG, Ndeffo-Mbah ML, Galvani AP. Strategies for containing Ebola in West Africa. Science 2014, 346: 991-995. PMID: 25414312, PMCID: PMC4316831, DOI: 10.1126/science.1260612.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEthical Alternatives to Experiments with Novel Potential Pandemic Pathogens
Lipsitch M, Galvani AP. Ethical Alternatives to Experiments with Novel Potential Pandemic Pathogens. PLOS Medicine 2014, 11: e1001646. PMID: 24844931, PMCID: PMC4028196, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001646.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2013
Social Factors in Epidemiology
Bauch CT, Galvani AP. Social Factors in Epidemiology. Science 2013, 342: 47-49. PMID: 24092718, PMCID: PMC4229037, DOI: 10.1126/science.1244492.Peer-Reviewed Original Research