2024
Multilevel determinants of antiretroviral therapy initiation and retention in the test-and-treat era of Nepal: a qualitative study
Shrestha A, Poudel L, Shrestha S, Jha N, Kuikel B, Shakya P, Kunwar R, Pandey L, KC M, Wilson E, Deuba K. Multilevel determinants of antiretroviral therapy initiation and retention in the test-and-treat era of Nepal: a qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research 2024, 24: 927. PMID: 39138448, PMCID: PMC11323673, DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11311-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral therapy initiationHealthcare providersDenial of HIV statusPerspectives of healthcare providersAntiretroviral therapyCommunity health workersStrengthening healthcare systemsART initiationHealth system levelLong-term health outcomesHealthcare system levelAntiretroviral therapy clientsChanging public health policyFear of disclosureIndividual-level facilitatorsSocio-ecological modelImplementing antiretroviral therapyAvailability of medicationsPublic health policiesAntiretroviral therapy adherencePerceived health benefitsFear of deathClient tracking systemProvision of free treatmentHealth workersEffects of a dietary intervention on cardiometabolic risk and food consumption in a workplace
Shrestha A, Tamrakar D, Ghinanju B, Shrestha D, Khadka P, Adhikari B, Shrestha J, Waiwa S, Pyakurel P, Bhandari N, Karmacharya B, Shrestha A, Shrestha R, Bhatta R, Malik V, Mattei J, Spiegelman D. Effects of a dietary intervention on cardiometabolic risk and food consumption in a workplace. PLOS ONE 2024, 19: e0301826. PMID: 38656951, PMCID: PMC11042715, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301826.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsConsumption of whole grainsHealthy foodPre-post intervention studyWhole grainsMedian consumptionCardiovascular risk factor profileRisk factor profileBlood pressureWorksite settingWorksite interventionsUnhealthy foodsHealth programsMeasured blood pressurePre-hypertensionCardiometabolic riskDiastolic blood pressureIntervention studiesFactors dietPaired-t testFactor profileFasting glucose levelsDhulikhel HospitalHospital premisesEmployee healthHospital employeesCyberbullying and cyber-victimisation among higher secondary school adolescents in an urban city of Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Kunwar S, Sharma S, Marasini S, Joshi A, Adhikari A, Ranjit A, Shrestha I, Shrestha A, Shrestha A, Karmacharya B. Cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation among higher secondary school adolescents in an urban city of Nepal: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024, 14: e081016. PMID: 38448066, PMCID: PMC10916119, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPokhara Metropolitan CityMultivariate logistic regression analysisCyber-victimisationSchool adolescentsPrevalence of cyberbullyingLogistic regression analysisCross-sectional studyHealth-related consequencesSecondary school adolescentsPost meanFactors associated with cyberbullyingHigh school adolescentsPeriodic screeningCounseling servicesEducation programmesHurtful commentsOnline Aggression SurveyPrevalenceConsequences of cyberbullyingCity of NepalAssociated with cyberbullyingMetropolitan citiesAnti-bullying policiesRegression analysis
2021
Factors associated with low back pain among construction workers in Nepal: A cross-sectional study
Adhikari B, Ghimire A, Jha N, Karkee R, Shrestha A, Dhakal R, Niraula A, Majhi S, Pandit AK, Bhandari N. Factors associated with low back pain among construction workers in Nepal: A cross-sectional study. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0252564. PMID: 34061897, PMCID: PMC8168885, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252564.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow back painCross-sectional studyBack painFactors of LBPCommunity-based cross-sectional studyPrevalence of LBPOne-year prevalenceConfidence intervalsHealthcare servicesPublic health professionalsConstruction workersEligible participantsCommon causeHigher oddsSleep qualityHealth promotionHealth professionalsSemi-structured questionnaireLogistic regressionPrevalencePainFace interviewsR programming softwareKavre districtPreventive techniquesKnowledge, attitude, preventive practices and utilization of cervical cancer screening among women in Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional study
Shrestha AD, Gyawali B, Shrestha A, Shrestha S, Neupane D, Ghimire S, Campbell C, Kallestrup P. Knowledge, attitude, preventive practices and utilization of cervical cancer screening among women in Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional study. European Journal Of Cancer Prevention 2021, 31: 73-81. PMID: 34871200, DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000670.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCervical cancer screeningCervical cancerPreventive practicesCancer screeningCommunity-based cross-sectional studyCommunity-based cross-sectional surveyCommunity-based educational interventionGlobal public health concernAvailability of screeningUtilization of screeningCross-sectional studyMedian knowledge scoreYears of agePublic health concernCross-sectional surveySystematic random samplingMean ageCancer deathMedian attitude scoreWomen 30Home visitsPractice scoresTreatment servicesKnowledge scoreCancer
2020
Worksite intervention study to prevent diabetes in Nepal: a randomised trial protocol
Pyakurel P, Shrestha A, Karmacharya BM, Budhathoki SS, Chaudhari RK, Tamrakar D, Shrestha A, Karmacharya RM, Shrestha A, Sharma S, Sharma SK, Spiegelman D. Worksite intervention study to prevent diabetes in Nepal: a randomised trial protocol. Open Heart 2020, 7: e001236. PMID: 32847993, PMCID: PMC7451278, DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001236.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBiomarkersBlood GlucoseDiabetes MellitusGlycated HemoglobinHealth BehaviorHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealthy LifestyleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMulticenter Studies as TopicNepalOccupational Health ServicesPatient Education as TopicPrediabetic StatePrimary PreventionRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk Reduction BehaviorTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsBehavioral interventionsControl periodDiabetes risk reductionMonth control periodNepal Health Research CouncilBehavioral intervention groupWorksite intervention studiesT-testHealth Research CouncilInstitutional review boardTwo-sample t-testBlood sugarTrial protocolIntervention groupEthical approvalControl groupIntervention studiesType 2More monthsReview boardInterventionDiabetesParticipant changesPublic healthRisk reductionDrivers of healthy eating in a workplace in Nepal: a qualitative study
Tamrakar D, Shrestha A, Rai A, Karmacharya BM, Malik V, Mattei J, Spiegelman D. Drivers of healthy eating in a workplace in Nepal: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2020, 10: e031404. PMID: 32102804, PMCID: PMC7045197, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031404.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy eatingHealth personnelDhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University HospitalHealthy foodsHospital administratorsHealthy food optionsAffordable healthy foodsFocus group discussionsUniversity HospitalHospital settingQualitative studyCapital KathmanduIndividual food preferencesHospital sitesHealth awarenessHealthy optionsHospital administrationHour shiftsEatingFood optionsGroup discussionsCafeteria operatorsLevel of educationOffice hoursThematic analysis method
2019
Prevalence and associated factors of childhood overweight/obesity among primary school children in urban Nepal
Karki A, Shrestha A, Subedi N. Prevalence and associated factors of childhood overweight/obesity among primary school children in urban Nepal. BMC Public Health 2019, 19: 1055. PMID: 31387571, PMCID: PMC6685156, DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7406-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChildhood overweight/obesityOverweight/obesityOverweight/obeseChildren of mothersTwo-stage cluster random samplingMale childrenMultivariate logistic regression analysisPrimary school childrenMajor public health concernMethodsA cross-sectional surveyLogistic regression analysisAdverse health consequencesUrban primary school childrenEnergy-dense foodsPublic health concernStructured self-administered questionnaireCross-sectional surveyJunk food consumptionChi-square testSchool childrenSPSS version 21Self-administered questionnaireChildhood overweightParents of childrenAssociated FactorsNepal Pioneer Worksite Intervention Study to lower cardio-metabolic risk factors: design and protocol
Shrestha A, Tamrakar D, Karmacharya BM, Shrestha A, Shrestha R, Bhatta RD, Pyakurel P, Khudyakov P, Malik V, Mattei J, Spiegelman D. Nepal Pioneer Worksite Intervention Study to lower cardio-metabolic risk factors: design and protocol. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2019, 19: 48. PMID: 30819098, PMCID: PMC6393979, DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1025-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCardiovascular DiseasesDiet, HealthyExerciseFemaleFood ServicesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansMaleMetabolic SyndromeNepalOccupational Health ServicesPatient Education as TopicProtective FactorsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk FactorsRisk Reduction BehaviorTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsCardio-metabolic riskWorksite intervention studiesIntervention studiesBlood sugarCardiovascular disease prevention effortsPrevention programsCardio-metabolic risk factorsBehavioral interventionsCardio-metabolic outcomesTrial registrationThe trialElevated blood pressureDiabetes Prevention ProgramCardiovascular disease burdenProportion of participantsDisease prevention effortsHealthy food choicesChi-square testEnvironmental-level changesIndividual behavioral interventionsDhulikhel HospitalBlood pressureDietary interventionPre-post designLifestyle factorsDisease burdenSocio-economic inequalities in hypertension burden and cascade of services: nationwide cross-sectional study in Nepal
Mishra SR, Ghimire S, Shrestha N, Shrestha A, Virani SS. Socio-economic inequalities in hypertension burden and cascade of services: nationwide cross-sectional study in Nepal. Journal Of Human Hypertension 2019, 33: 613-625. PMID: 30659279, DOI: 10.1038/s41371-019-0165-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedBlood PressureCross-Sectional StudiesEducational StatusFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth Services AccessibilityHealth Status DisparitiesHealthcare DisparitiesHumansHypertensionIncomeMaleMiddle AgedNepalPrevalenceResidence CharacteristicsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSocial Determinants of HealthYoung AdultConceptsCascade of servicesNationwide cross-sectional studyPrevalence of hypertensionControl of hypertensionBody mass indexMulti-variable logistic regressionTreatment of hypertensionCross-sectional studyNepal Demographic Health SurveyLowest wealth quintileSocio-economic inequalitiesDemographic Health SurveyHousehold wealth statusHypertension burdenTotal hypertensivesHypertensive femalesHypertension awarenessHypertension prevalenceBlood pressureMass indexHypertension statusDisease burdenHealth SurveyHypertensionCoverage of services
2018
Dietary interventions to prevent and manage diabetes in worksite settings: a meta-analysis
Shrestha A, Karmacharya BM, Khudyakov P, Weber MB, Spiegelman D. Dietary interventions to prevent and manage diabetes in worksite settings: a meta-analysis. Journal Of Occupational Health 2018, 60: 31-45. PMID: 29187673, PMCID: PMC5799099, DOI: 10.1539/joh.17-0121-ra.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRandom-effects modelDietary interventionWorksite settingWorkplace dietary interventionsBlood sugar levelsAllied Health LiteraturePooled effect sizeFemale participantsMultivariate meta-regression modelWeb of ScienceIndividual-level interventionsLifestyle interventionGlucose toleranceMeta-regression modelsBorderline significanceMore effective interventionsCumulative IndexReference listsStudy heterogeneityHealth LiteratureEffective interventionsSugar levelsSearch termsInterventionEffect sizeQuit Intentions and Attempts among Smokers in Sub-urban Nepal: Findings from the Dhulikhel Heart Study.
Karmacharya BM, Fitzpatrick AL, Koju R, Sotodehnia N, Xu DR, Pradhan PMS, Shrestha A. Quit Intentions and Attempts among Smokers in Sub-urban Nepal: Findings from the Dhulikhel Heart Study. Kathmandu University Medical Journal 2018, 16: 83-88. PMID: 30631024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDhulikhel Heart StudyQuit attemptsCurrent smokersSmoking cessationCessation programsHeart StudyEffective smoking cessation interventionsCVD risk factorsSmoking cessation interventionSmoking cessation programTobacco cessation programCross-sectional studyNon-communicable diseasesHigh alcohol consumptionPast quit attemptsEvidence-based strategiesSocio-demographic factorsNational Health SystemFormer smokersTobacco cessationSuccessful quittingRisk factorsQuit effortsTobacco useTobacco consumption
2017
Awareness, Prevalence, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Western Nepal
Neupane D, Shrestha A, Mishra SR, Bloch J, Christensen B, McLachlan CS, Karki A, Kallestrup P. Awareness, Prevalence, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Western Nepal. American Journal Of Hypertension 2017, 30: 907-913. PMID: 28531244, DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpx074.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAntihypertensive AgentsAwarenessBlood PressureChi-Square DistributionCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth Care SurveysHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansHypertensionLife StyleLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNepalOdds RatioPrevalenceRisk FactorsRisk Reduction BehaviorSuburban HealthTreatment OutcomeConceptsControl of hypertensionBlood pressureRisk factorsHigher body mass indexBP control targetsPrevalence of hypertensionModifiable risk factorsSex-adjusted prevalenceDiastolic blood pressureLow physical activitySystolic blood pressureBody mass indexHarmful alcohol intakeHarmful alcohol drinkersCross-sectional surveyLow-income settingsSemi-urban settingHypertension burdenHypertensive medicationsPreexisting hypertensionHypertensive participantsAntihypertensive medicinesRenal diseaseMass indexAlcohol drinkersReproducibility and relative validity of food group intake in a food frequency questionnaire developed for Nepalese diet
Shrestha A, Koju RP, Beresford SAA, Chan KCG, Connell FA, Karmacharya BM, Shrestha P, Fitzpatrick AL. Reproducibility and relative validity of food group intake in a food frequency questionnaire developed for Nepalese diet. International Journal Of Food Sciences And Nutrition 2017, 68: 605-612. PMID: 28092991, DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1268099.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFood frequency questionnaireFood groupsFrequency questionnaireFood group intakesMajor food groupsDietary recallsGroup intakesDietary intakeFour-month intervalsDietary practicesMacronutrient compositionSpearman correlationIntakeRelative validitySpearman coefficientPresent studyDairy productsGroupQuestionnaireNepalese dietPrevalence and Correlates of Tobacco Use in a Suburban community of Nepal: Findings from the Dhulikhel Heart Study.
Karmacharya B, Shrestha A, Fitzpatrick AL, Koju R, Sotodehnia N, Xu DR. Prevalence and Correlates of Tobacco Use in a Suburban community of Nepal: Findings from the Dhulikhel Heart Study. Kathmandu University Medical Journal 2017, 15: 336-342. PMID: 30580353.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDhulikhel Heart StudyOral tobacco useOral tobaccoTobacco useBrahmin/ChhetriCurrent smokersRisk factorsHeart StudyTobacco consumptionAdults age 18 yearsCVD risk factorsPrevalence of smokingBody mass indexImportant risk factorAge 18 yearsOdds of smokingSuburban populationBackground SmokingMass indexSectional studyChronic diseasesEpidemiological aspectsModerate drinkersAlcohol consumptionHigh drinkers