Thermal effects on neurons during stimulation of the brain
Kim T, Kadji H, Whalen A, Ashourvan A, Freeman E, Fried S, Tadigadapa S, Schiff S. Thermal effects on neurons during stimulation of the brain. Journal Of Neural Engineering 2022, 19: 056029. PMID: 36126646, PMCID: PMC9855718, DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac9339.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsThermal effectsJoule heatingMagnetic coilsRate dependencyElectrical interactionsSmall thermal effectsTemperature changesDissipation of energyNumerical modelingRange of frequenciesThermal energyMagnetic fieldDC drivingMagnetic inductionElectrical currentStatic magnetic fieldSmall temperature increaseTemperature increaseAccurate modulationCoilEnergy depositionHeatingConductorsTransient effectsElectrodeThermal safety considerations for implantable micro-coil design
Whalen A, Fried S. Thermal safety considerations for implantable micro-coil design. Journal Of Neural Engineering 2023, 20: 046017. PMID: 37451256, PMCID: PMC10467159, DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ace79a.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWire materialThermal gradientThermal impactActive implantable medical devicesMicro-magnetic stimulationFinite element modelingFine-wire thermocouplesImplantable medical devicesTemperature increaseElement modelingWire thermocouplesConductor materialBent wiresSafe designSafety limitsVoltage amplitudeNumerical modelingWire coilPlatinum/iridiumThermal profileConstruction geometrySuch devicesHigh temperaturePromising novel technologyMedical devices