Professional baseball pitchers with increased in-pitch stance hip flexion excursion demonstrate higher shoulder internal rotation torque and elbow varus torque with no appreciable ball speed benefit
Manzi J, Dowling B, Sudah S, Moran J, Xu T, McElheny K, Bharam S, Dines J, Carr J. Professional baseball pitchers with increased in-pitch stance hip flexion excursion demonstrate higher shoulder internal rotation torque and elbow varus torque with no appreciable ball speed benefit. Journal Of Shoulder And Elbow Surgery 2025, 34: e809-e815. PMID: 39892850, DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2024.12.021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchShoulder internal rotation torqueElbow varus torqueInternal rotation torqueThrowing arm kineticsHip flexionVarus torqueLead hipRotation torqueBaseball pitchersPRO pitchersBall velocityIncreased shoulder external rotationShoulder anterior forceIncreased ball velocityShoulder external rotationProfessional baseball pitchersAnthropometric parametersFastball pitchesLumbopelvic controlHip excursionAthletic trainersPitching coachesProfessional pitchersInjury riskMedial force
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