Sathish Ramakrishnan, PhD
Assistant ProfessorCards
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PRRT2 Regulates Synaptic Fusion by Directly Modulating SNARE Complex Assembly
Coleman J, Jouannot O, Ramakrishnan SK, Zanetti MN, Wang J, Salpietro V, Houlden H, Rothman JE, Krishnakumar SS. PRRT2 Regulates Synaptic Fusion by Directly Modulating SNARE Complex Assembly. Cell Reports 2018, 22: 820-831. PMID: 29346777, PMCID: PMC5792450, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.056.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProline-rich transmembrane protein 2SNARE complex assemblyComplex assemblyTrans-SNARE complex assemblyTerminal proline-rich domainSynaptic SNARE proteinsProline-rich domainParoxysmal neurological disordersSynaptic vesicle primingLive-cell imagingTransmembrane protein 2Synaptic fusionSNARE proteinsVesicle primingSingle exocytotic eventsBiophysical analysisFusion assaysMolecular mechanismsFunction mutationsPhysiological roleExocytotic eventsPre-synaptic terminalsPC12 cellsProtein 2Single vesiclesSynergistic roles of Synaptotagmin-1 and complexin in calcium-regulated neuronal exocytosis
Ramakrishnan S, Bera M, Coleman J, Rothman JE, Krishnakumar SS. Synergistic roles of Synaptotagmin-1 and complexin in calcium-regulated neuronal exocytosis. ELife 2020, 9: e54506. PMID: 32401194, PMCID: PMC7220375, DOI: 10.7554/elife.54506.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSynaptotagmin-1Vesicular fusion machinerySingle-vesicle fusionFusion of vesiclesSNARE complexFusion machineryNeuronal exocytosisOligomer bindsRegulatory proteinsVesicle fusionSNAREpinsSynchronous fusionSynaptic vesiclesNovel mechanismVesiclesComplexinKinetic delayPrimary interfaceSynergistic roleFusionExocytosisMachineryProteinBindsMechanismMolecular determinants of complexin clamping and activation function
Bera M, Ramakrishnan S, Coleman J, Krishnakumar SS, Rothman JE. Molecular determinants of complexin clamping and activation function. ELife 2022, 11: e71938. PMID: 35442188, PMCID: PMC9020821, DOI: 10.7554/elife.71938.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSynaptotagmin-1Single-vesicle fusionAccessory helixFusion clampHelical domainMolecular detailsComplexinMutational analysisVesicle releaseFusion kineticsMolecular determinantsSpecific interactionsInhibitory functionProbability of fusionRapid CaSNAREpinsAssembly processFusionClamping functionDomainHelixVesiclesFunctionMembraneInteractionNative Planar Asymmetric Suspended Membrane for Single‐Molecule Investigations: Plasma Membrane on a Chip
Sundaram R, Bera M, Coleman J, Weerakkody J, Krishnakumar S, Ramakrishnan S. Native Planar Asymmetric Suspended Membrane for Single‐Molecule Investigations: Plasma Membrane on a Chip. Small 2022, 18: e2205567. PMID: 36328714, DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205567.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlasma membraneProtein assembliesNative plasma membrane vesiclesTotal internal reflection fluorescence microscopySingle-molecule levelSingle-molecule investigationsCellular plasma membranePlasma membrane vesiclesSingle-molecule precisionReflection fluorescence microscopyKnowledge of lipidProtein complexesProtein architectureCell signalingMovement of moleculesProtein orientationLipid membranesBiological processesCellular membranesMembrane vesiclesMicroarray platformFluorescence investigationsLipid domainsFluorescence microscopyMembrane
2025
Highly stable planar asymmetric suspended membranes for investigating protein dynamics and membrane fusion
Bera M, Kalyana Sundaram R, Coleman J, Chatterjee A, Thoduvayil S, Pincet F, Ramakrishnan S. Highly stable planar asymmetric suspended membranes for investigating protein dynamics and membrane fusion. Nature Protocols 2025, 1-25. PMID: 40461798, DOI: 10.1038/s41596-025-01192-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMembrane fusionSingle-vesicle fusion assayMembrane fusion eventsProtein dynamics analysisMembrane fusion mechanismFluorescently labeled proteinsProtein-lipid interactionsSNARE proteinsTotal internal reflection fluorescenceFusion eventsMolecular chaperonesInvestigate protein dynamicsTime-lapse imagingCellular signalingLipid asymmetryFusion assayBiological processesLipid membranesProtein dynamicsMembrane model systemsLiving cellsMembrane environmentNear-native environmentMolecular componentsReflection fluorescenceBiomimetic membrane in a microfluidic chip for the electrical and optical monitoring of biological reactions
Mion D, Bunel L, Ramakrishnan S, Heo P, Pincet F. Biomimetic membrane in a microfluidic chip for the electrical and optical monitoring of biological reactions. Nature Protocols 2025, 1-32. PMID: 40461799, DOI: 10.1038/s41596-025-01171-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMicrofluidic chipTwo-dimensional bilayersBiomimetic membranesChip fabricationSingle-particleMicrofluidic channelOptical microscopyElectrical readoutResin moldMicrofluidic setupMembrane typeOptical monitoringChipPoly(dimethylsiloxaneBiological membranesPhysicochemical cuesFluid lipidsBilayerCharacteristics of biological membranesChannelComprehensive procedureBilayer leafletsMolecular reactions
2024
Photosensitive Nanoprobes for Rapid High Purity Isolation and Size‐Specific Enrichment of Synthetic and Extracellular Vesicle Subpopulations (Adv. Funct. Mater. 34/2024)
Weerakkody J, Tseng T, Topper M, Thoduvayil S, Radhakrishnan A, Pincet F, Kyriakides T, Gunasekara R, Ramakrishnan S. Photosensitive Nanoprobes for Rapid High Purity Isolation and Size‐Specific Enrichment of Synthetic and Extracellular Vesicle Subpopulations (Adv. Funct. Mater. 34/2024). Advanced Functional Materials 2024, 34 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202470191.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVesicle biogenesisExtracellular vesicle subpopulationsLipid nanoprobesVesicle subpopulationsNative extracellular vesiclesVesicle populationsSeparate vesiclesPurity isolationExtracellular vesiclesVesiclesCellular originHydrophobic interactionsBiogenesisSize variabilitySubpopulationsIsolatesExtracellularPhotosensitive Nanoprobes for Rapid High Purity Isolation and Size‐Specific Enrichment of Synthetic and Extracellular Vesicle Subpopulations
Weerakkody J, Tseng T, Topper M, Thoduvayil S, Radhakrishnan A, Pincet F, Kyriakides T, Gunasekara R, Ramakrishnan S. Photosensitive Nanoprobes for Rapid High Purity Isolation and Size‐Specific Enrichment of Synthetic and Extracellular Vesicle Subpopulations. Advanced Functional Materials 2024, 34 PMID: 39372670, PMCID: PMC11452007, DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202400390.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExtracellular vesicle subpopulationsVesicle subpopulationsIsolation of vesiclesPurity extracellular vesiclesRelease of vesiclesAnalysis of nucleic acidsNear-native formLarge-scale isolationLipid nanoprobesDownstream analysisPurity isolationEfficient isolationVesiclesSynthetic vesiclesNucleic acidsExtracellular vesiclesIsolation methodIsolatesBiomarker discoveryExposure to lightSubpopulationsEnrichmentProteinComplex biological mediaCleavageBreaking ground: A new model for dual-phase insulin exocytosis
Thoduvayil S, Weerakkody J, Ramakrishnan S. Breaking ground: A new model for dual-phase insulin exocytosis. Biophysical Journal 2024, 123: 66a. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.11.476.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIntegrated suspended lipid membrane platform: Harnessing amperometric and single-molecule capabilities for deep insights into fusion dynamics
Weerakkody J, Thoduvayil S, Ramakrishnan S. Integrated suspended lipid membrane platform: Harnessing amperometric and single-molecule capabilities for deep insights into fusion dynamics. Biophysical Journal 2024, 123: 380a. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.11.2323.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
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