2013
An historical perspective on “The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus”
Kidd KK, Pakstis AJ, Yun L. An historical perspective on “The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus”. Human Genetics 2013, 133: 431-433. PMID: 24162668, DOI: 10.1007/s00439-013-1386-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsThousands of lociGene frequency patternsPatterns of divergenceRandom genetic driftHuman population geneticsLow-frequency allelesDopamine D4 receptor locusGenetic driftPopulation geneticsImportant genesPopulation variationWorld-wide distributionReceptor locusFrequency allelesDifferent allelesLociDistinct populationsNative American populationsEast Asian populationsAllelesAllele frequenciesSame populationAmerican populationGenesGenetics
2004
The Genetic Architecture of Selection at the Human Dopamine Receptor D4 (DRD4) Gene Locus
Wang E, Ding Y, Flodman P, Kidd J, Kidd K, Grady D, Ryder O, Spence M, Swanson J, Moyzis R. The Genetic Architecture of Selection at the Human Dopamine Receptor D4 (DRD4) Gene Locus. American Journal Of Human Genetics 2004, 74: 931-944. PMID: 15077199, PMCID: PMC1181986, DOI: 10.1086/420854.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLittle linkage disequilibriumHuman dopamine receptor D4 genePolymorphic sitesDNA sequence organizationMost polymorphic sitesPatterns of recombinationObserved LD patternRare mutational eventsDRD4 locusGenetic architectureHaplotype diversityPositive selectionMore polymorphismsSequence organizationGene locusTandem repeatsMutational eventsLD patternsLinkage disequilibriumDopamine receptor D4 geneLociPhysiological differencesSame alleleReceptor variantsAlleles
1999
Tandem duplication polymorphism upstream of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4)
Seaman M, Fisher J, Chang F, Kidd K. Tandem duplication polymorphism upstream of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4). American Journal Of Medical Genetics 1999, 88: 705-709. PMID: 10581493, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19991215)88:6<705::aid-ajmg22>3.0.co;2-f.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAllelesAnimalsCodon, InitiatorConsensus SequenceDatabases, FactualEvolution, MolecularGene FrequencyGenetic VariationGorilla gorillaHumansPan troglodytesPolymorphism, GeneticPongo pygmaeusReceptors, Dopamine D2Receptors, Dopamine D4Response ElementsSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidTandem Repeat SequencesTranscription Factors
1997
Rapid molecular haplotyping of the first exon of the human dopamine D4 receptor gene by heteroduplex analysis
Chang F, Kidd K. Rapid molecular haplotyping of the first exon of the human dopamine D4 receptor gene by heteroduplex analysis. American Journal Of Medical Genetics 1997, 74: 91-94. PMID: 9034013, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19970221)74:1<91::aid-ajmg18>3.0.co;2-m.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1996
The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus
Chang F, Kidd J, Livak K, Pakstis A, Kidd K. The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus. Human Genetics 1996, 98: 91-101. PMID: 8682515, DOI: 10.1007/s004390050166.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImperfect tandem repeatsAllele frequenciesDifferent populationsActual allele frequenciesDopamine D4 receptor locusSelective forcesEvolutionary significanceWorld-wide distributionAssociation studiesReceptor locusTandem repeatsThird exonBase pairsAmino acidsFunctional relevanceRepeatsReceptor geneAllelesLociModern humansPolymorphismD4 receptor geneDopamine D4 receptor geneRepeat polymorphismExons
1993
Alleles at the dopamine D4 receptor locus do not contribute to the genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia in a large Swedish kindred
Barr C, Kennedy J, Lichter J, Van Tol H, Wetterberg L, Livak K, Kidd K. Alleles at the dopamine D4 receptor locus do not contribute to the genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia in a large Swedish kindred. American Journal Of Medical Genetics 1993, 48: 218-222. PMID: 8135305, DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320480409.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChromosome 11p15.5Receptor geneImperfect direct repeatsDopamine D4 receptor locusD4 receptor geneTyrosine hydroxylase locusDopamine D4 receptor geneSingle haplotypeFirst intronSequence variationCandidate genesG nucleotidesDirect repeatsReceptor locusGenetic markersThird exonLinkage analysisPolymorphic markersGenetic susceptibilityGenesLociClose linkageDRD4 locusAllelesRepeatsA hypervariable segment in the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene
Lichter J, Barr C, Kennedy J, Van Tol H, Kidd K, Livak K. A hypervariable segment in the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene. Human Molecular Genetics 1993, 2: 767-773. PMID: 8353495, DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.6.767.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman dopamine receptor D4 geneAmino acid sequenceThird cytoplasmic loopNumber of repeatsPutative third cytoplasmic loopFunctional proteinsCytoplasmic loopAcid sequenceRepeat regionDifferent repeatsHypervariable segmentDifferent haplotypesRepeatsDopamine receptor D4 geneUnrelated chromosomesNovel polymorphismsD4 geneGenesProteinHuman dopamine D4 receptorPolymorphic variantsSequencePolymorphismChromosomesReceptors
1991
A Hindi RFLP In the human D4 dopamine receptor locus (DRD4)
Kennedy J, Sidenberg D, Van Tol H, Kidd K. A Hindi RFLP In the human D4 dopamine receptor locus (DRD4). Nucleic Acids Research 1991, 19: 5801-5801. PMID: 1682888, PMCID: PMC329013, DOI: 10.1093/nar/19.20.5801.Peer-Reviewed Original Research