2022
Reconceptualizing high-quality emergency general surgery care: Non–mortality-based quality metrics enable meaningful and consistent assessment
Zogg CK, Staudenmayer KL, Kodadek LM, Davis KA. Reconceptualizing high-quality emergency general surgery care: Non–mortality-based quality metrics enable meaningful and consistent assessment. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2022, 94: 68-77. PMID: 36245079, PMCID: PMC9805506, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003818.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEmergency general surgeryHospital-level factorsEGS conditionsEmergency general surgery careOlder adultsNationwide Readmissions DatabaseComplex older adultsSurgery of TraumaGeneral surgery careQuality improvement initiativesOlder adult populationEGS careEGS hospitalsEGS patientsPatient frailtySurgery careGeneral surgeryHospitalLevel IIIAdult populationCohortPatientsComplex adultCareAdultsBeyond In-hospital Mortality
Zogg CK, Cooper Z, Peduzzi P, Falvey JR, Tinetti ME, Lichtman JH. Beyond In-hospital Mortality. Annals Of Surgery 2022, 278: e314-e330. PMID: 36111845, PMCID: PMC10014495, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005707.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOlder trauma patientsHospital mortalityOlder adultsTrauma patientsHealthy daysSevere traumatic brain injuryAdult trauma careCause of deathUnique health needsTraumatic brain injuryLoss of independenceIndex admissionHip fracturePrimary diagnosisBrain injuryTrauma careTraumatic injuryMedicare claimsHealth needsMortalityAverage numberReadmissionAdultsPatientsQuintile ranksDefining Referral Regions for Inpatient Trauma Care: The Utility of a Novel Geographic Definition
Zogg CK, Becher RD, Dalton MK, Hirji SA, Davis KA, Salim A, Cooper Z, Jarman MP. Defining Referral Regions for Inpatient Trauma Care: The Utility of a Novel Geographic Definition. Journal Of Surgical Research 2022, 275: 115-128. PMID: 35272088, PMCID: PMC9038698, DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.12.050.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHospital referral regionsReferral regionsHospital service areasTrauma regionTrauma careTrauma systemHospital useInpatient trauma careOlder adult patientsState Inpatient DatabasesUS health systemRegional trauma careInpatient traumaAdult patientsNET patientsTrauma patientsInpatient DatabaseDemographic featuresHealth systemImportant demographic factorsPatientsGeographic variationDemographic factorsTraumaCare
2021
Characterizing Medicare Reimbursements and Clinical Activity Among Female Otolaryngologists
Panth N, Torabi SJ, Kasle DA, Savoca EL, Zogg CK, O’Brien E, Manes RP. Characterizing Medicare Reimbursements and Clinical Activity Among Female Otolaryngologists. Annals Of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology 2021, 131: 749-759. PMID: 34467771, DOI: 10.1177/00034894211042445.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFemale otolaryngologistsClinical volumeCurrent Procedural Terminology codesUnique Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codesProcedural Terminology codesMedicare reimbursementClinical activityRetrospective analysisTerminology codesMedicare feeOtolaryngologistsPatientsBilling patternsMedianMedicare PhysicianUrban settingsRural settingsReimbursementService billingTemporal trendsSettingRural areasCommentary: To operate or wait? Contextualizing early outcomes of cardiac surgery in COVID-19–positive patients
Hirji SA, Zogg CK, Nguyen TC. Commentary: To operate or wait? Contextualizing early outcomes of cardiac surgery in COVID-19–positive patients. Journal Of Thoracic And Cardiovascular Surgery 2021, 162: e373-e374. PMID: 34020800, PMCID: PMC8078055, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.04.059.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchReassessing the July Effect: 30 Years of Evidence Show No Difference in Outcomes
Zogg CK, Metcalfe D, Sokas CM, Dalton MK, Hirji SA, Davis KA, Haider AH, Cooper Z, Lichtman JH. Reassessing the July Effect: 30 Years of Evidence Show No Difference in Outcomes. Annals Of Surgery 2021, 277: e204-e211. PMID: 33914485, PMCID: PMC8384940, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004805.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsJuly effectMajor morbidityPatient outcomesMajor adverse outcomesNationwide Readmissions DatabaseAdverse patient outcomesSystem-level factorsUS patientsAdverse outcomesSurgical conditionsInclusion criteriaPaucity of studiesReadmissionPatient encountersSystematic reviewMorbidityOutcomesNegative resultsMortalityYears of evidenceTotalYearsEvidencePatientsAdmission
2020
Risk Factors for the Development of Post-Traumatic Hydrocephalus in Children
Elsamadicy AA, Koo AB, Lee V, David WB, Zogg CK, Kundishora AJ, Hong CS, DeSpenza T, Reeve BC, DiLuna M, Kahle KT. Risk Factors for the Development of Post-Traumatic Hydrocephalus in Children. World Neurosurgery 2020, 141: e105-e111. PMID: 32389871, PMCID: PMC7484270, DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.04.216.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTraumatic brain injuryRisk factorsBrain injuryNationwide Emergency Department Sample databasePost-traumatic hydrocephalusClinical risk factorsDevelopment of hydrocephalusNeurologic complicationsRespiratory complicationsPediatric patientsHydrocephalus developmentNinth RevisionSubarachnoid hemorrhageEmergency departmentSecondary diagnosisPrimary diagnosisSubdural hemorrhageClinical ModificationInternational ClassificationHydrocephalusHemorrhagePatientsBaseline returnSample databaseAge 6Chest Trauma Outcomes: Public Versus Private Level I Trauma Centers
Orlas CP, Herrera‐Escobar J, Zogg CK, Serna JJ, Meléndez JJ, Gómez A, Martínez D, Parra MW, García AF, Rosso F, Pino LF, Gonzalez A, Ordoñez CA. Chest Trauma Outcomes: Public Versus Private Level I Trauma Centers. World Journal Of Surgery 2020, 44: 1824-1834. PMID: 31993723, PMCID: PMC7380545, DOI: 10.1007/s00268-020-05400-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTrauma centerMedian Injury Severity ScoreLogistic regressionInjury Severity ScorePost-operative complicationsMultivariable logistic regressionRetained hemothoraxHospital mortalityChest traumaClinical characteristicsMedian ageClinical outcomesThoracic traumaUnstable hemodynamicsEmergency roomSeverity scoreHigher oddsLevel IPatientsTraumaSignificant differencesMortalityHemothoraxMediastinitisEmpyema
2018
Patient Presentations in Outpatient Settings
Zogg CK, Haring RS, Xu L, Canner JK, Ottesen TD, Salim A, Haider AH, Schneider EB. Patient Presentations in Outpatient Settings. Epidemiology 2018, 29: 885-894. PMID: 30063541, PMCID: PMC6167152, DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000900.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjury-specific factorsOutpatient settingHead traumaTrauma patientsEmergency departmentIndex outpatient visitAmbulatory care useHead trauma patientsEmergency department careOutpatient presentationClinic visitsIndex presentationOutpatient visitsOutpatient burdenCare useOutpatient casesIncidence ratePatient presentationCommercial ClaimsTrauma diagnosisSubsequent visitsAnnual burdenTrauma trendsDisease controlPatientsChanging prognosis of oral cancer: An analysis of survival and treatment between 1973 and 2014
Cheraghlou S, Schettino A, Zogg CK, Judson BL. Changing prognosis of oral cancer: An analysis of survival and treatment between 1973 and 2014. The Laryngoscope 2018, 128: 2762-2769. PMID: 30194691, DOI: 10.1002/lary.27315.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOral cavity cancerLate-stage diseaseAdjuvant therapyOral cancerEnd Results 9 registriesCox survival regressionHigher nodal yieldsNational Cancer DatabaseEarly-stage diseaseKaplan-Meier analysisRetrospective database analysisAnalysis of survivalAdjuvant chemoradiotherapyNodal yieldAdult patientsNeck dissectionRetrospective studyCancer DatabasePrognosisPatientsCancerDiseaseDatabase analysisSurvival regressionChemoradiotherapyManagement of metastatic melanoma: improved survival in a national cohort following the approvals of checkpoint blockade immunotherapies and targeted therapies
Dobry AS, Zogg CK, Hodi FS, Smith TR, Ott PA, Iorgulescu JB. Management of metastatic melanoma: improved survival in a national cohort following the approvals of checkpoint blockade immunotherapies and targeted therapies. Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 2018, 67: 1833-1844. PMID: 30191256, PMCID: PMC6249064, DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2241-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalComorbidityDisease ManagementFemaleHealth Care SurveysHumansImmunotherapyMaleMelanomaMiddle AgedMolecular Targeted TherapyNeoplasm StagingOdds RatioProtein Kinase InhibitorsProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafRegistriesSymptom AssessmentUnited StatesYoung AdultConceptsStage 4 melanomaOverall survivalInitial approvalCutaneous melanomaLandmark survival analysisSubstantial clinical efficacyImproved overall survivalMetastatic cutaneous melanomaNational Cancer DatabaseStage 4 diseaseCheckpoint blockade immunotherapySurvival of patientsRisk-adjusted analysisBlockade immunotherapyCheckpoint blockadeNovel immunotherapiesMultivariable analysisClinical efficacyMetastatic melanomaNational cohortCancer DatabaseUninsured patientsClinical trialsPatientsSurvival analysisImproved Risk-Adjusted Survival for Melanoma Brain Metastases in the Era of Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapies: Results from a National Cohort
Iorgulescu JB, Harary M, Zogg CK, Ligon KL, Reardon DA, Hodi FS, Aizer AA, Smith TR. Improved Risk-Adjusted Survival for Melanoma Brain Metastases in the Era of Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapies: Results from a National Cohort. Cancer Immunology Research 2018, 6: 1039-1045. PMID: 30002157, PMCID: PMC6230261, DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0067.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMelanoma brain metastasesCheckpoint blockade immunotherapyMBM patientsOverall survivalBlockade immunotherapyStage 4 melanomaNational Cancer DatabaseManagement of patientsKaplan-Meier techniqueLarge national cohortEarly clinical trialsBrain metastasesExtracranial metastasesSurvival benefitAdvanced melanomaOS improvementNational cohortCancer DatabaseClinical trialsNovel therapiesU.S. cancerPatientsTherapy trialsProportional hazardsFDA approvalCured into Destitution
Scott JW, Raykar NP, Rose JA, Tsai TC, Zogg CK, Haider AH, Salim A, Meara JG, Shrime MG. Cured into Destitution. Annals Of Surgery 2018, 267: 1093-1099. PMID: 28394867, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002254.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUninsured patientsGreater riskMedian inpatient chargesTrauma-related admissionsNationwide Inpatient SamplePrimary outcome measureMost demographic subgroupsRisk of CHECatastrophic health expenditureFinancial risk protectionRetrospective reviewTrauma populationPrimary diagnosisInpatient chargesInpatient SampleOutcome measuresPatientsSevere injuriesStudy periodUS Census dataHealth careTraumaAdmissionDemographic subgroupsRiskDisparate outcomes of global emergency surgery - A matched comparison of patients in developed and under—developed healthcare settings
Shah AA, Zogg CK, Rehman A, Latif A, Zafar H, Shakoor A, Wasif N, Chapital AB, Riviello R, Ashfaq A, Williams M, Cornwell EE, Haider AH. Disparate outcomes of global emergency surgery - A matched comparison of patients in developed and under—developed healthcare settings. The American Journal Of Surgery 2018, 215: 1029-1036. PMID: 29807633, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.05.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAga Khan University HospitalPakistani patientsUS Nationwide Inpatient SampleHealthcare settingsUrban-teaching hospitalsRisk-adjusted oddsComparison of patientsNationwide Inpatient SampleRisk-adjusted differencesGlobal health policy developmentHealth system strengtheningDiverse healthcare settingsHealth policy developmentReported morbidityMajor morbidityEmergency surgeryRural patientsUniversity HospitalInpatient SampleGeneralized-linear modelSurgical careMortality differencesPatientsHealthcare systemDisparate outcomes
2017
Universal Health Insurance and its association with long term outcomes in Pediatric Trauma Patients
Sharma M, Schoenfeld AJ, Jiang W, Chaudhary MA, Ranjit A, Zogg CK, Learn P, Koehlmoos T, Haider AH. Universal Health Insurance and its association with long term outcomes in Pediatric Trauma Patients. Injury 2017, 49: 75-81. PMID: 28965684, DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.09.016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsChildChild, PreschoolDelivery of Health CareEthnicityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHealth Services AccessibilityHealthcare DisparitiesHumansInjury Severity ScoreInsurance, HealthLength of StayLongitudinal StudiesMaleMedicarePatient DischargeRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesUniversal Health InsuranceWounds and InjuriesConceptsPediatric trauma patientsTrauma patientsInjury Severity ScorePediatric trauma populationAcute care servicesLong-term outcomesMost common injuriesPost-discharge careLongitudinal cohort studyCohort studyDischarge careReadmission ratesWhite patientsInjury characteristicsOutpatient visitsTerm outcomesTrauma populationCommon injuriesSeverity scoreSevere traumaOutpatient servicesTrauma diagnosisPatientsCare servicesUniversal insurancePatterns of use and factors associated with early discontinuation of opioids following major trauma
Chaudhary MA, Scully R, Jiang W, Chowdhury R, Zogg CK, Sharma M, Ranjit A, Koehlmoos T, Haider AH, Schoenfeld AJ. Patterns of use and factors associated with early discontinuation of opioids following major trauma. The American Journal Of Surgery 2017, 214: 792-797. PMID: 28619266, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.05.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrescription opioid useOpioid useOpioid discontinuationPrescription opioidsRisk-adjusted Cox proportional hazards modelsCox proportional hazards modelTraumatic injury patientsProportional hazards modelHigher injury severityPublic health issueLow socioeconomic statusTricare insuranceEarly discontinuationAdult patientsYounger patientsBlack patientsInjury patientsMajor traumaHigh riskPatterns of useInjury severityPatientsDiscontinuationOpioidsOne-year
2016
Implications of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on Insurance Coverage and Rehabilitation Use Among Young Adult Trauma Patients.
Zogg CK, Payró Chew F, Scott JW, Wolf LL, Tsai TC, Najjar P, Olufajo OA, Schneider EB, Haut ER, Haider AH, Canner JK. Implications of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on Insurance Coverage and Rehabilitation Use Among Young Adult Trauma Patients. JAMA Surgery 2016, 151: e163609. PMID: 27760245, DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.3609.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYoung adult trauma patientsDependent coverage provisionAdult trauma patientsAffordable Care ActTrauma patientsRehabilitation useInsurance coverageClinical end pointsPatient ProtectionCare ActCause of deathComplete patient recordsHigh-quality careEmergency departmentMean ageOutpatient settingUninsured patientsPatient outcomesRisk groupsPatientsRehabilitation accessACA implementationRescue ratesPatient recordsLongitudinal assessmentRace-based differences in duration of stay among universally insured coronary artery bypass graft patients in military versus civilian hospitals
Chowdhury R, Davis WA, Chaudhary MA, Jiang W, Zogg CK, Schoenfeld AJ, Jaklitsch MT, Kaneko T, Learn PA, Haider AH, Schneider EB. Race-based differences in duration of stay among universally insured coronary artery bypass graft patients in military versus civilian hospitals. Surgery 2016, 161: 1090-1099. PMID: 27932028, DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.10.022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedBlack or African AmericanCohort StudiesConfidence IntervalsCoronary Artery BypassCoronary Artery DiseaseDatabases, FactualFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHospital MortalityHospitals, MilitaryHospitals, PublicHumansLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRegression AnalysisRisk AssessmentSurvival AnalysisTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesUniversal Health InsuranceWhite PeopleConceptsCoronary artery bypass graftArtery bypass graftCoronary artery bypass graft patientsDuration of stayBypass graft patientsBypass graftRace-based differencesGraft patientsBlack patientsMilitary HospitalCivilian hospitalsHospital-level factorsEligible patientsWhite patientsMale patientsCivilian facilitiesWhite racePatientsStayTRICARE coverageNegative binomial regressionHospitalApparent mitigationGraftGreater durationDifferential access to care: The role of age, insurance, and income on race/ethnicity-related disparities in adult perforated appendix admission rates
Zogg CK, Scott JW, Jiang W, Wolf LL, Haider AH. Differential access to care: The role of age, insurance, and income on race/ethnicity-related disparities in adult perforated appendix admission rates. Surgery 2016, 160: 1145-1154. PMID: 27486003, DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.06.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAge FactorsAppendicitisConfidence IntervalsEthnicityFemaleHealth Care SurveysHealth Services AccessibilityHealthcare DisparitiesHumansIncomeInsurance CoverageMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioOutcome Assessment, Health CarePatient AdmissionRacial GroupsRisk AssessmentRoleUnited StatesYoung AdultConceptsAcute appendicitisAdmission ratesLack of differenceNationwide Inpatient SampleRisk-adjusted differencesUnited States populationRace/ethnicityPediatric studiesInpatient SampleWorse outcomesMinority patientsBetter outcomesUniversal insurancePatientsEthnic disparitiesLogistic regressionRole of ageEthnic inequitiesHealthcare ResearchAge incrementsOlder adultsAdultsDisparate outcomesEthnic differencesAppendicitisRacial disparities in emergency general surgery
Zogg CK, Jiang W, Chaudhary MA, Scott JW, Shah AA, Lipsitz SR, Weissman JS, Cooper Z, Salim A, Nitzschke SL, Nguyen LL, Helmchen LA, Kimsey L, Olaiya ST, Learn PA, Haider AH. Racial disparities in emergency general surgery. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2016, 80: 764-777. PMID: 26958790, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultBlack or African AmericanEmergency MedicineFemaleGeneral SurgeryHealthcare DisparitiesHospitals, GeneralHospitals, MilitaryHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedMilitary PersonnelNational Health Insurance, United StatesRetrospective StudiesSurgical Procedures, OperativeUnited StatesWhite PeopleWounds and InjuriesYoung AdultConceptsRisk-adjusted survival analysisMinority patientsSurvival analysisEmergency general surgery patientsRacial disparitiesGeneral surgery patientsSurgery-related morbidityLong-term outcomesRace-associated differencesEGS careTRICARE dataWorse mortalityMajor morbidityOperative interventionSurgery patientsWhite patientsEGS conditionsReadmission outcomesEffect modificationSurgical careDay outcomesPatientsCivilian hospitalsDiagnostic categoriesCare