Clonidine infusions into the locus coeruleus attenuate behavioral and neurochemical changes associated with naloxone-precipitated withdrawal
Taylor J, Elsworth J, Garcia E, Grant S, Roth R, Redmond D. Clonidine infusions into the locus coeruleus attenuate behavioral and neurochemical changes associated with naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. Psychopharmacology 1988, 96: 121-134. PMID: 3147472, DOI: 10.1007/bf02431544.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNaloxone-precipitated withdrawalDorsal parabrachial nucleusAlpha-2 adrenergic receptorsWet dog shakesLocus coeruleusClonidine infusionMHPG concentrationsOpiate withdrawalAlpha-2 adrenergic agonistsAnti-withdrawal actionWithdrawal-induced increasesBlood-brain barrierInfusion of clonidineNucleus locus coeruleusOccurrence of diarrheaClonidine's abilityLC infusionBrain concentrationsNoradrenergic neuronsST-91MHPG levelsPeripheral injectionWithdrawal signsNeurochemical changesParabrachial nucleus