Featured Publications
Sputum alarmins delineate distinct T2 cytokine pathways and unique subtypes of patients with asthma
Gautam S, Chu J, Cohen A, Kaur R, Lee S, Wilson G, Liu Q, Gomez J, Rajaveen H, Yan X, Cohn L, Clark B, Chupp G. Sputum alarmins delineate distinct T2 cytokine pathways and unique subtypes of patients with asthma. Allergy 2023, 78: 3274-3277. PMID: 37874609, PMCID: PMC10842366, DOI: 10.1111/all.15915.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDifferences in Mortality Among Patients With Asthma and COPD Hospitalized With COVID-19
Liu Y, Rajeevan H, Simonov M, Lee S, Wilson F, Desir G, Vinetz J, Yan X, Wang Z, Clark B, Possick J, Price C, Lutchmansingh D, Ortega H, Zaeh S, Gomez J, Cohn L, Gautam S, Chupp G. Differences in Mortality Among Patients With Asthma and COPD Hospitalized With COVID-19. The Journal Of Allergy And Clinical Immunology In Practice 2023, 11: 3383-3390.e3. PMID: 37454926, PMCID: PMC10787810, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.07.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseType 2 inflammationCOVID-19 severitySOFA scoreAirway diseaseNoneosinophilic asthmaSequential Organ Failure Assessment scoreOrgan Failure Assessment scoreSevere coronavirus disease 2019Higher SOFA scoreMedian SOFA scoreRetrospective cohort studyObstructive pulmonary diseaseOdds of mortalityLower SOFA scoresCells/μLCOVID-19 outcomesCoronavirus disease 2019Logistic regression analysisCOVID-19Clinical confoundersAsthma patientsCohort studyImmunological factorsClinical featuresNonutility of procalcitonin for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia in patients with severe COVID-19
Cohen A, Glick L, Lee S, Kunitomo Y, Tsang D, Pitafi S, Toro P, Ristic N, Zhang E, Carey G, Datta R, Dela Cruz C, Gautam S. Nonutility of procalcitonin for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia in patients with severe COVID-19. European Clinical Respiratory Journal 2023, 10: 2174640. PMID: 36815942, PMCID: PMC9930745, DOI: 10.1080/20018525.2023.2174640.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSevere COVID-19Bacterial superinfectionBacterial pneumoniaCOVID-19Lower respiratory culturesSuperimposed bacterial pneumoniaUtility of procalcitoninProcalcitonin measurementImmune biomarkersClinical resemblanceRespiratory culturesImmunomodulatory agentsProcalcitoninPatientsBacterial infectionsSuperinfectionCurve analysisSignificant riskCharacteristic curvePneumoniaTime of cultureDiagnosisInfectionBiomarkersSevere respiratory viral infection induces procalcitonin in the absence of bacterial pneumonia
Gautam S, Cohen AJ, Stahl Y, Toro P, Young GM, Datta R, Yan X, Ristic NT, Bermejo SD, Sharma L, Restrepo M, Dela Cruz CS. Severe respiratory viral infection induces procalcitonin in the absence of bacterial pneumonia. Thorax 2020, 75: 974-981. PMID: 32826284, DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-214896.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPure viral infectionBacterial coinfectionViral infectionInfluenza infectionSevere respiratory viral infectionsAbility of procalcitoninRetrospective cohort studyViral respiratory infectionsRespiratory viral infectionsMarker of severityRespiratory viral illnessSevere viral infectionsSpecificity of procalcitoninCharacteristic curve analysisCellular modelHigher procalcitoninProcalcitonin expressionElevated procalcitoninCohort studyViral illnessRespiratory infectionsAntibiotic administrationBacterial pneumoniaSevere diseaseProcalcitoninQuantification of bronchoalveolar neutrophil extracellular traps and phagocytosis in murine pneumonia
Gautam S, Stahl Y, Young GM, Howell R, Cohen AJ, Tsang DA, Martin T, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS. Quantification of bronchoalveolar neutrophil extracellular traps and phagocytosis in murine pneumonia. American Journal Of Physiology - Lung Cellular And Molecular Physiology 2020, 319: l661-l669. PMID: 32783617, PMCID: PMC7642899, DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00316.2020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeutrophil extracellular trapsAcute respiratory distress syndromeChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseNeutrophil responseExtracellular trapsDysregulation of neutrophilsObstructive pulmonary diseaseRespiratory distress syndromeNeutrophil effector functionsEx vivo assaysBronchoalveolar neutrophilsSevere asthmaDistress syndromeLung neutrophilsPulmonary diseaseMurine pneumoniaMurine modelEffector functionsNeutrophil researchMouse lungCystic fibrosisMethodologic issuesMurine researchLungArray of diseasesAn Activity‐Based Probe for Studying Crosslinking in Live Bacteria
Gautam S, Kim T, Shoda T, Sen S, Deep D, Luthra R, Ferreira M, Pinho M, Spiegel D. An Activity‐Based Probe for Studying Crosslinking in Live Bacteria. Angewandte Chemie 2015, 127: 10638-10642. DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503869.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchWall teichoic acidActivity-based probesSingle PBPLive bacteriaAntibiotic targetsCell wallFluorescent mimicTeichoic acidNatural substrateLive cellsEssential processRelative quantitationNatural crosslinksPeptidoglycanBacterial growthSpatiotemporal aspectsBacteriaExperimental toolPBPPeptide mimicsMimicsChemical Probes Reveal an Extraseptal Mode of Cross-Linking in Staphylococcus aureus
Gautam S, Kim T, Spiegel DA. Chemical Probes Reveal an Extraseptal Mode of Cross-Linking in Staphylococcus aureus. Journal Of The American Chemical Society 2015, 137: 7441-7447. PMID: 26035224, DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b02972.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCross-linking activityPenicillin-binding proteinsCell divisionPeptidoglycan synthesisCell wall biogenesisEnzyme cross-linking activityCell wall synthesisWall biogenesisModel organismsWall synthesisImportant human pathogenCell wallChemical probesEndogenous substratesHuman pathogensSpherical bacteriaPBP4Distinct modesPeripheral wallDivisionBiogenesisS. aureusOrganismsStaphylococcus aureusProteinWall teichoic acids prevent antibody binding to epitopes within the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus
Gautam S, Kim T, Lester E, Deep D, Spiegel DA. Wall teichoic acids prevent antibody binding to epitopes within the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus. ACS Chemical Biology 2015, 11: 25-30. PMID: 26502318, PMCID: PMC5592732, DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00439.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFactor VIII Levels and ISTH Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Scores Do Not Distinguish Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation from the Coagulopathy of Liver Disease.
Allen C, Heskel M, Butt A, Tormey C, Pine A, Lee A, Gautam S. Factor VIII Levels and ISTH Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Scores Do Not Distinguish Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation from the Coagulopathy of Liver Disease. Acta Haematologica 2024, 1-5. PMID: 39004080, DOI: 10.1159/000540239.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchISTH DIC scoreFactor VIII levelsArea under the curveDIC scoreLiver diseaseFactor VIIIRetrospective chart review of patientsChart review of patientsCoagulopathy of liver diseaseReview of patientsRetrospective chart reviewCalculate area under the curveReceiver operating characteristic curveMultiple logistic regressionISTH scoreLaboratory parametersClinical challengeClinical utilityPatientsCharacteristic curveLab variablesLogistic regressionLiverDiseaseDiagnostic tool
2024
Does Eosinophil Heterogeneity Translate into Functional Diversity? A Review of the Evolving Paradigm of Eosinophil Heterogeneity in Asthma.
Wilson GE, Gautam S, Chupp GL. Does Eosinophil Heterogeneity Translate into Functional Diversity? A Review of the Evolving Paradigm of Eosinophil Heterogeneity in Asthma. Biomedicines 2024, 12 PMID: 39335525, DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12092011.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
2023
Impact of Prophylactic Antibacterials on Coagulation Profiles and Bleeding in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia/Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Allen C, Gautam S, Cheng W, Pine A, Podoltsev N, Zeidan A, Lee A, Shallis R. Impact of Prophylactic Antibacterials on Coagulation Profiles and Bleeding in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia/Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Acta Haematologica 2023, 146: 287-292. PMID: 37166332, DOI: 10.1159/000530153.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAML/myelodysplastic syndromeAcute myeloid leukemiaInternational normalized ratioAntibacterial prophylaxisMyelodysplastic syndromeProphylactic antibacterialsCoagulation profileAcute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndromeDiagnosis of AMLHigher international normalized ratioLeukemia/myelodysplastic syndromePartial thromboplastin time prolongationYale-New Haven HospitalYale-New HavenRetrospective cohort studyAbnormal coagulation profileGroup of patientsTime of admissionHigh rateIndividual patient encountersInstitutional review boardAntibacterial exposureRelevant bleedingAdult patientsCohort studyIFN-γ Is Protective in Cytokine Release Syndrome-associated Extrapulmonary Acute Lung Injury.
Sun Y, Hu B, Stanley G, Harris ZM, Gautam S, Homer R, Koff JL, Rajagopalan G. IFN-γ Is Protective in Cytokine Release Syndrome-associated Extrapulmonary Acute Lung Injury. American Journal Of Respiratory Cell And Molecular Biology 2023, 68: 75-89. PMID: 36125351, PMCID: PMC9817908, DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0117oc.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCytokine release syndromeAcute lung injuryExtrapulmonary acute lung injuryIFN-γ KO miceIL-17ALung injuryKO miceStaphylococcal enterotoxin BRelease syndromeIL-17A KO miceSevere acute lung injuryAcute respiratory distress syndromeSystemic T cell activationEnterotoxin BAdaptive T lymphocytesDR3 transgenic miceNeutralization of IFNRespiratory distress syndromeHuman leukocyte antigenRole of IFNT cell cytokinesJanus kinase inhibitorS100A8/A9T cell activationALI parameters
2022
Prevalence and treatment of postobstructive pneumonia among older adults with advanced cancer
Lee S, O’Donovan L, Cohen A, Gautam S, Quagliarello V, Juthani-Mehta M, Datta R. Prevalence and treatment of postobstructive pneumonia among older adults with advanced cancer. Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology 2022, 2: e152. PMID: 36483405, PMCID: PMC9726473, DOI: 10.1017/ash.2022.293.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
Understanding the Host in the Management of Pneumonia. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report
Dela Cruz CS, Evans SE, Restrepo MI, Dean N, Torres A, Amara-Elori I, Awasthi S, Caler E, Cao B, Chalmers JD, Chastre J, Cohen TS, Cohen AH, Crothers K, Di YP, Egan ME, Feldman C, Gautam S, Halstead ES, Herold S, Jones BE, Luna C, Niederman MS, Mendez R, Menendez R, Mizgerd JP, Nusrat R, Ramirez J, Shindo Y, Waterer G, Yeligar SM, Wunderink RG. Understanding the Host in the Management of Pneumonia. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report. Annals Of The American Thoracic Society 2021, 18: 1087-1097. PMID: 34242148, PMCID: PMC8328365, DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202102-209st.BooksConceptsLung infectionOfficial American Thoracic Society Workshop ReportAmerican Thoracic Society meetingLong-term health outcomesRisk of pneumoniaHost risk factorsManagement of pneumoniaExtremes of ageClinical practice guidelinesTreatment of pneumoniaInnovative trial designsPneumonia pathogenesisCritical illnessPulmonary infectionImmunosuppressive disordersPneumonia therapyOutcome definitionsRisk factorsClinical trialsPractice guidelinesRespiratory diseasePneumoniaPneumonia StudySystemic effectsTrial design
2020
A 62-Year-Old Woman With Lung Cancer, Ulcerating Rash, and Rapidly Progressive Hypoxemia
Kunitomo Y, Young G, Datta R, Korn LL, Tanoue L, Gautam S. A 62-Year-Old Woman With Lung Cancer, Ulcerating Rash, and Rapidly Progressive Hypoxemia. CHEST Journal 2020, 158: e191-e196. PMID: 33036118, PMCID: PMC7533682, DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.06.020.Peer-Reviewed Case Reports and Technical NotesFluorescent stem peptide mimics: In situ probes for peptidoglycan crosslinking
Gautam S, Kim T, Howell R, Spiegel DA. Fluorescent stem peptide mimics: In situ probes for peptidoglycan crosslinking. Methods In Enzymology 2020, 638: 57-67. PMID: 32416921, DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2020.02.016.Peer-Reviewed Case Reports and Technical NotesConceptsBacterial cell wall synthesisSynthetic probesPeptide mimicsPeptidoglycan crosslinkingSynthesisSitu probeKey stepCrosslinkingNumerous classesMechanical strengthNew antibioticsProbeCell wall synthesisPeptidoglycan synthesisSuper-resolution microscopyLive bacteriaWall synthesisReactionCell wallDetailed protocolMicroscopyStaphylococcus aureusHuman pathogens
2019
Measurement of Chitinase Activity in Biological Samples
Amick A, Liu Q, Gautam S, Chupp G, Dela Cruz C, Sharma L. Measurement of Chitinase Activity in Biological Samples. Journal Of Visualized Experiments 2019 DOI: 10.3791/60159-v.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTeaching an Old Intensivist Neutrophil Tricks: Using Alveolar Neutrophilia to Diagnose Ventilator-associated Pneumonia
Gautam S, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS. Teaching an Old Intensivist Neutrophil Tricks: Using Alveolar Neutrophilia to Diagnose Ventilator-associated Pneumonia. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 2019, 199: 1178-1181. PMID: 30543457, PMCID: PMC6519853, DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201811-2163ed.Commentaries, Editorials and Letters
2018
Personalizing the Management of Pneumonia
Gautam S, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS. Personalizing the Management of Pneumonia. Clinics In Chest Medicine 2018, 39: 871-900. PMID: 30390755, DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2018.08.008.BooksA Slick Solution to a Sticky Problem
Gautam S, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS, Spiegel DA. A Slick Solution to a Sticky Problem. Biochemistry 2018, 57: 5923-5924. PMID: 30289246, DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00916.Commentaries, Editorials and Letters