2005
Galanin can attenuate opiate reinforcement and withdrawal
Picciotto MR, Hawes JJ, Brunzell DH, Zachariou V. Galanin can attenuate opiate reinforcement and withdrawal. Neuropeptides 2005, 39: 313-315. PMID: 15944028, DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2004.12.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpiate reinforcementGalanin receptor agonistAction of opiatesUseful therapeutic agentEndogenous galaninReceptor agonistGalaninKnockout miceBrain areasTransgenic miceBrain regionsBehavioral signsOpiate addictionTherapeutic agentsBody of dataAltered susceptibilityWithdrawalMiceReceptorsAgonistsOpiates
2003
The neuropeptide galanin modulates behavioral and neurochemical signs of opiate withdrawal
Zachariou V, Brunzell DH, Hawes J, Stedman DR, Bartfai T, Steiner RA, Wynick D, Langel Ü, Picciotto MR. The neuropeptide galanin modulates behavioral and neurochemical signs of opiate withdrawal. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2003, 100: 9028-9033. PMID: 12853567, PMCID: PMC166432, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1533224100.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMorphine withdrawal signsWithdrawal signsOpiate withdrawalGalanin agonistsEffects of galaninLocus coeruleus neuronsC-Fos immunoreactivityBlood-brain barrierEndogenous galaninMorphine withdrawalNoradrenergic neuronsCoeruleus neuronsC57BL/6 miceNeurochemical signsNeuropeptide galaninLocus coeruleusPossible molecular mechanismsTyrosine hydroxylaseGalaninNeuronal activityGalanin peptidePhysical signsTransgenic miceDrug dependenceBehavioral effects