2018
Striatal Signaling Regulated by the H3R Histamine Receptor in a Mouse Model of tic Pathophysiology
Rapanelli M, Frick L, Jindachomthong K, Xu J, Ohtsu H, Nairn A, Pittenger C. Striatal Signaling Regulated by the H3R Histamine Receptor in a Mouse Model of tic Pathophysiology. Neuroscience 2018, 392: 172-179. PMID: 30278251, PMCID: PMC6204318, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.09.035.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHDC-KO miceMitogen-activated protein kinaseHistamine receptorsWT animalsDorsal striatumH3R activationTic-like movementsStriatonigral medium spiny neuronsAkt phosphorylationMedium spiny neuronsWild-type miceRare genetic causeHistamine dysregulationAgonist treatmentKO miceSpiny neuronsTic disordersTic pathophysiologyStriatal signalingMouse modelNeuropsychiatric diseasesKO modelRepetitive movementsStriatumMiceStriatin-1 is a B subunit of protein phosphatase PP2A that regulates dendritic arborization and spine development in striatal neurons
Li D, Musante V, Zhou W, Picciotto MR, Nairn AC. Striatin-1 is a B subunit of protein phosphatase PP2A that regulates dendritic arborization and spine development in striatal neurons. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2018, 293: 11179-11194. PMID: 29802198, PMCID: PMC6052221, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001519.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerine/threonine phosphatase PP2AStriatin-interacting phosphataseRNA knockdown approachB subunitSTRIPAK complexPhosphatase PP2AProtein phosphataseMultiprotein complexesKnockdown approachStriatin familyMutant constructsStriatal neuronal culturesPP2ANeuronal developmentPrimary striatal neuronal culturesDendritic phenotypeKnockdown modelSynapse formationSubunitsSpine developmentSelective roleReduced expressionNeuron maturationNeuronal culturesStriatal neurons
2017
ARPP-16 Is a Striatal-Enriched Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulated by Microtubule-Associated Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 (Mast 3 Kinase)
Andrade EC, Musante V, Horiuchi A, Matsuzaki H, Brody AH, Wu T, Greengard P, Taylor JR, Nairn AC. ARPP-16 Is a Striatal-Enriched Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulated by Microtubule-Associated Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 (Mast 3 Kinase). Journal Of Neuroscience 2017, 37: 2709-2722. PMID: 28167675, PMCID: PMC5354324, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4559-15.2017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerine/threonine protein phosphataseSerine/threonine kinase 3Threonine protein phosphataseARPP-16Protein phosphataseKinase 3Protein phosphatase 2AProtein kinase A (PKA) signalingSmall acid-soluble proteinsKinase A SignalingAcid-soluble proteinsActivation of PKAPP2A substratesPhosphatase 2AARPP-16/19Heterotrimeric formMarked dephosphorylationSignal transductionSelective inhibitorPP2AA SignalingUnknown functionStriatal medium spiny neuronsMedium spiny neuronsSer46
2013
Recent advances in quantitative neuroproteomics
Craft GE, Chen A, Nairn AC. Recent advances in quantitative neuroproteomics. Methods 2013, 61: 186-218. PMID: 23623823, PMCID: PMC3891841, DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.04.008.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2006
2‐Deoxyglucose and NMDA inhibit protein synthesis in neurons and regulate phosphorylation of elongation factor‐2 by distinct mechanisms
Maus M, Torrens Y, Gauchy C, Bretin S, Nairn A, Glowinski J, Premont J. 2‐Deoxyglucose and NMDA inhibit protein synthesis in neurons and regulate phosphorylation of elongation factor‐2 by distinct mechanisms. Journal Of Neurochemistry 2006, 96: 815-824. PMID: 16405506, DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03601.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntimetabolitesBlotting, WesternCalciumCarbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl HydrazoneCells, CulturedCerebral CortexDeoxyglucoseDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug InteractionsEmbryo, MammalianEnzyme InhibitorsExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsIonophoresLeucineMiceModels, BiologicalNeuronsN-MethylaspartateOligomycinsPeptide Elongation Factor 2PhosphorylationProtein KinasesProtein Synthesis InhibitorsPyruvic AcidSodium AzideTime FactorsTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesTritiumConceptsCortical neuronsExcitatory amino acid releaseImine hydrogen maleateNMDA receptor antagonistAMP kinaseAmino acid releaseNeuronal protein synthesisCytosolic free Ca2Protein synthesisCerebral ischaemiaReceptor antagonistBrain damageNeuronal metabolismMetabolic impairmentNMDADistinct mechanismsCytosolic Ca2NeuronsMetabolic deprivationAcid releaseSecondary releaseProtein synthesis inhibitionSynthesis inhibitionElongation factor eEF-2ATP levels
2002
N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation inhibits protein synthesis in cortical neurons independently of its ionic permeability properties
Gauchy C, Nairn A, Glowinski J, Prémont J. N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation inhibits protein synthesis in cortical neurons independently of its ionic permeability properties. Neuroscience 2002, 114: 859-867. PMID: 12379242, DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00322-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCortical neuronsAbsence of externalNMDA treatmentTransient cerebral ischemiaAspartate receptor activationGlutamate-induced increaseThapsigargin-sensitive poolMobilization of intracellularProtein synthesisCerebral ischemiaNMDA receptorsNMDAReceptor activationTransient risePresence of externalNeuronsCGP-37157D-serineFree mediumIntracellularIonic permeability propertiesTreatmentSustained releaseIschemiaBlockade
2001
Regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and casein kinase 1 by metabotropic glutamate receptors
Liu F, Ma X, Ule J, Bibb J, Nishi A, DeMaggio A, Yan Z, Nairn A, Greengard P. Regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and casein kinase 1 by metabotropic glutamate receptors. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2001, 98: 11062-11068. PMID: 11572969, PMCID: PMC58683, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.191353898.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCalcium ChannelsCasein KinasesCyclin-Dependent Kinase 5Cyclin-Dependent KinasesDopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32Enzyme InhibitorsIn Vitro TechniquesKineticsMaleMembrane PotentialsMethoxyhydroxyphenylglycolMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNeostriatumNerve Tissue ProteinsNeuronsPatch-Clamp TechniquesPhosphoproteinsPhosphorylationPhosphoserinePhosphothreonineProtein KinasesReceptors, Metabotropic GlutamateConceptsCasein kinase 1Cyclin-dependent kinase 5Ser-137Thr-75CK1 activityKinase 1Kinase 5DARPP-32Regulation of Cdk5Neuronal protein kinaseActivation of Cdk5Cellular functionsProtein kinaseDNA repairEnhanced phosphorylationFirst messengersCdk5 activitySpecific inhibitorCdk5Effects of DHPGMetabotropic glutamate receptorsNeurite outgrowthIC261Glutamate receptorsDHPG-induced increaseChanges in the phosphorylation of initiation factor eIF‐2α, elongation factor eEF‐2 and p70 S6 kinase after transient focal cerebral ischaemia in mice
Althausen S, Mengesdorf T, Mies G, Oláh L, Nairn A, Proud C, Paschen W. Changes in the phosphorylation of initiation factor eIF‐2α, elongation factor eEF‐2 and p70 S6 kinase after transient focal cerebral ischaemia in mice. Journal Of Neurochemistry 2001, 78: 779-787. PMID: 11520898, DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00462.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCells, CulturedCerebral CortexCerebrovascular CirculationEnzyme InhibitorsEukaryotic Initiation Factor-2ImmunoblottingImmunohistochemistryIschemic Attack, TransientLaser-Doppler FlowmetryMiceMiddle Cerebral ArteryNeuronsPeptide Elongation Factor 2PhosphorylationProtein BiosynthesisRatsRats, WistarRibosomal Protein S6 KinasesThapsigarginConceptsIschaemia-induced changesTransient focal cerebral ischaemiaMiddle cerebral arteryFocal cerebral ischaemiaCerebral ischaemiaP70 S6 kinaseLeft middle cerebral arteryControl levelsTransient cerebral ischaemiaTransient MCA occlusionNeuronal cell injuryPrimary neuronal cell culturesTransient focal ischaemiaElongation factor eEF-2Endoplasmic reticulum calcium pumpEIF-2alpha phosphorylationER calcium homeostasisNeuronal cell culturesS6 kinaseProtein synthesisWestern blot analysisMCA occlusionMCA territoryMin occlusionCerebral arteryEffects of chronic exposure to cocaine are regulated by the neuronal protein Cdk5
Bibb J, Chen J, Taylor J, Svenningsson P, Nishi A, Snyder G, Yan Z, Sagawa Z, Ouimet C, Nairn A, Nestler E, Greengard P. Effects of chronic exposure to cocaine are regulated by the neuronal protein Cdk5. Nature 2001, 410: 376-380. PMID: 11268215, DOI: 10.1038/35066591.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBrainCocaineCocaine-Related DisordersCorpus StriatumCyclin-Dependent Kinase 5Cyclin-Dependent KinasesDopamineDopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32Enzyme InhibitorsGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicKinetinMaleMiceMice, TransgenicNerve Tissue ProteinsNeuronsOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisPhosphoproteinsPhosphorylationProto-Oncogene Proteins c-fosPsychomotor PerformancePurinesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, Dopamine D1RoscovitineSignal TransductionConceptsTranscription factorsSuch transcription factorsDownstream target genesCyclin-dependent kinase 5DNA array analysisTarget genesGene expressionCocaine administrationKinase 5Inducible transgenic miceChronic exposureCdk5 inhibitorMessenger RNACocaine addictionArray analysisDopamine-mediated neurotransmissionDopamine-containing nerve terminalsMedium spiny neuronsD1 dopamine receptorsChronic cocaine administrationOverexpression of ΔFosBProteinTransgenic miceAdaptive changesSpiny neuronsInhibition of protein synthesis in cortical neurons during exposure to hydrogen peroxide
Alirezaei M, Marin P, Nairn A, Glowinski J, Prémont J. Inhibition of protein synthesis in cortical neurons during exposure to hydrogen peroxide. Journal Of Neurochemistry 2001, 76: 1080-1088. PMID: 11181828, DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00105.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAniline CompoundsAnimalsCalciumCells, CulturedCerebral CortexDose-Response Relationship, DrugEukaryotic Initiation Factor-2Fluorescent DyesHydrogen PeroxideIntracellular FluidMiceNeuronsPeptide Chain Elongation, TranslationalPeptide Elongation Factor 2PhosphorylationProtein BiosynthesisProtein Synthesis InhibitorsProteinsThapsigarginXanthenesConceptsCortical neuronsGlutamate-induced increaseTransient cerebral ischemiaDose-dependent mannerEffects of thapsigarginProtein synthesisCerebral ischemiaReperfusion periodCommon intracellularEEF-2BlockadeTreatmentNeuronsInhibitionThapsigarginIntracellularPhosphorylationSustained releaseIschemiaEIF-2alphaSlow increaseProtein translationElongation Factor-2 Phosphorylation and the Regulation of Protein Synthesis by Calcium
Nairn A, Matsushita M, Nastiuk K, Horiuchi A, Mitsui K, Shimizu Y, Palfrey H. Elongation Factor-2 Phosphorylation and the Regulation of Protein Synthesis by Calcium. Progress In Molecular And Subcellular Biology 2001, 27: 91-129. PMID: 11575162, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-09889-9_4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsCalciumCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesCell CycleCell DivisionCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesCysteine EndopeptidasesElongation Factor 2 KinaseHumansMolecular Sequence DataMultienzyme ComplexesNeuronsPeptide Chain Elongation, TranslationalPeptide Elongation Factor 2PhosphorylationProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexProtein BiosynthesisSequence Homology, Amino AcidSignal TransductionUbiquitinConceptsProtein synthesisElongation factor 2 phosphorylationDephosphorylation of eEF2Eukaryotic protein synthesisAminoacyl-tRNA synthetasesFactor 2 phosphorylationElongation factor 2Ribosomal proteinsRegulated processInitiation factorsDependent kinasesKey proteinsRate of elongationPeptidyl-tRNAPhysiological roleKinasePhosphorylationFactor 2EEF2P siteThr56ProteinSynthetasesDephosphorylationRibosomes
2000
The Dopamine/D1 Receptor Mediates the Phosphorylation and Inactivation of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase STEP via a PKA-Dependent Pathway
Paul S, Snyder G, Yokakura H, Picciotto M, Nairn A, Lombroso P. The Dopamine/D1 Receptor Mediates the Phosphorylation and Inactivation of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase STEP via a PKA-Dependent Pathway. Journal Of Neuroscience 2000, 20: 5630-5638. PMID: 10908600, PMCID: PMC6772528, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.20-15-05630.2000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdenosine TriphosphateAnimalsCatalytic DomainCorpus StriatumCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesEnzyme ActivationIn Vitro TechniquesMaleMolecular Sequence DataNeuronsPhosphoproteinsPhosphorus RadioisotopesPhosphorylationProtein Tyrosine PhosphatasesProtein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-ReceptorRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, Dopamine D1Signal TransductionConceptsProtein tyrosine phosphatase familyCAMP-dependent protein kinaseTryptic phosphopeptide mappingPotential phosphorylation sitesUnique N-terminalProtein-protein interactionsMembrane-associated proteinsRole of phosphorylationTyrosine phosphatase familyAmino acid sequenceSite-directed mutagenesisAmino acid sequencingPKA-dependent pathwayTyrosine phosphatase STEPPhosphatase familyPhosphopeptide mappingPhosphorylation sitesAlternative splicingSubcellular compartmentsProtein kinaseTerminal domainEquivalent residuesCytosolic proteinsSpecific residuesAcid sequence
1999
Phosphorylation of DARPP-32 by Cdk5 modulates dopamine signalling in neurons
Bibb J, Snyder G, Nishi A, Yan Z, Meijer L, Fienberg A, Tsai L, Kwon Y, Girault J, Czernik A, Huganir R, Hemmings H, Nairn A, Greengard P. Phosphorylation of DARPP-32 by Cdk5 modulates dopamine signalling in neurons. Nature 1999, 402: 669-671. PMID: 10604473, DOI: 10.1038/45251.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCDC2 Protein KinaseCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesCyclin-Dependent Kinase 5Cyclin-Dependent KinasesDopamineDopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32Enzyme InhibitorsIn Vitro TechniquesMiceNerve Tissue ProteinsNeuronsPhosphoproteinsPhosphorylationRecombinant ProteinsSignal TransductionThreonineConceptsProtein kinase APhospho-ThrDARPP-32Serine/threonine phosphataseSerine/threonine kinaseInhibitor of PKAProtein phosphatase 1Signal transduction moleculesParticular amino acid residuesSignal transduction mechanismsAmino acid residuesCyclin-dependent kinase 5Threonine phosphataseThreonine 75PKA substratesThreonine kinasePhosphatase 1Phosphatase inhibitorProtein kinaseTransduction moleculesKinase ASingle proteinKinase 5Transduction mechanismsKinaseZinc Inhibits Protein Synthesis in Neurons POTENTIAL ROLE OF PHOSPHORYLATION OF TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR-2α*
Alirezaei M, Nairn A, Glowinski J, Prémont J, Marin P. Zinc Inhibits Protein Synthesis in Neurons POTENTIAL ROLE OF PHOSPHORYLATION OF TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR-2α*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 1999, 274: 32433-32438. PMID: 10542287, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.45.32433.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCultured cortical neuronsEukaryotic elongation factor 2Central nervous systemFactor 2Translation initiation factor 2αProtein synthesisCerebral cortexCortical neuronsNervous systemProfound inhibitionSustained increaseBasal levelsTransient increaseBasal ratePotential roleProgressive decreaseInhibits protein synthesisNeuronsAmount of polyribosomesElongation factor 2EIF-2alpha phosphorylationAlpha subunitInhibitionPhosphorylationEukaryotic initiation factor 2Requirement for DARPP‐32 in mediating effect of dopamine D2 receptor activation
Nishi A, Snyder G, Fienberg A, Fisone G, Aperia A, Nairn A, Greengard P. Requirement for DARPP‐32 in mediating effect of dopamine D2 receptor activation. European Journal Of Neuroscience 1999, 11: 2589-2592. PMID: 10383649, DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00724.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDopamine D2 agonistD1 agonistDopamine D1 agonistDARPP-32D2 agonistDopamine D2 receptor activationDopamine D2 receptor agonistD2 receptor activationD2 receptor agonistBiological effectsReceptor agonistD1 receptorsD2 receptorsMouse neostriatumProtein phosphatase-1 inhibitorReceptor activationAgonistsPhosphatase-1 inhibitorDopamine signalingObligatory roleRole of Phosphorylation of Alzheimer’s Amyloid Precursor Protein during Neuronal Differentiation
Ando K, Oishi M, Takeda S, Iijima K, Isohara T, Nairn A, Kirino Y, Greengard P, Suzuki T. Role of Phosphorylation of Alzheimer’s Amyloid Precursor Protein during Neuronal Differentiation. Journal Of Neuroscience 1999, 19: 4421-4427. PMID: 10341243, PMCID: PMC6782598, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.19-11-04421.1999.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRole of Calcineurin and Protein Phosphatase‐2A in the Regulation of DARPP‐32 Dephosphorylation in Neostriatal Neurons
Nishi A, Snyder G, Nairn A, Greengard P. Role of Calcineurin and Protein Phosphatase‐2A in the Regulation of DARPP‐32 Dephosphorylation in Neostriatal Neurons. Journal Of Neurochemistry 1999, 72: 2015-2021. PMID: 10217279, DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0722015.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCalcineurinCalcineurin InhibitorsCyclosporineDopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32Drug CombinationsDrug SynergismEnzyme InhibitorsIn Vitro TechniquesMaleMarine ToxinsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNeostriatumNerve Tissue ProteinsNeuronsOkadaic AcidOxazolesPhosphoprotein PhosphatasesPhosphoproteinsPhosphorylationProtein Phosphatase 1Protein Phosphatase 2ConceptsProtein phosphatase 1Protein phosphatase 2AOkadaic acidPhosphorylated DARPP-32DARPP-32 phosphorylationPhosphatase 2APP-2ADARPP-32Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinaseAMP-dependent protein kinasePP-2A activityRole of calcineurinPhosphatase 1Calyculin AMouse neostriatal slicesProtein kinaseAction of cyclosporinDependent activationCalcineurinPresence of cyclosporinPhosphorylationDephosphorylationSynergistic increaseThr34Potent inhibitorCharacterization of the Neuronal Targeting Protein Spinophilin and Its Interactions with Protein Phosphatase-1 †
Hsieh-Wilson L, Allen P, Watanabe T, Nairn A, Greengard P. Characterization of the Neuronal Targeting Protein Spinophilin and Its Interactions with Protein Phosphatase-1 †. Biochemistry 1999, 38: 4365-4373. PMID: 10194355, DOI: 10.1021/bi982900m.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBinding SitesCell LineDopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32HumansMicrofilament ProteinsNerve Tissue ProteinsNeuronsPeptide FragmentsPeptidesPhosphoprotein PhosphatasesPhosphoproteinsProtein Phosphatase 1Protein Structure, TertiaryProteinsRabbitsSequence Homology, Amino AcidConceptsProtein phosphatase 1Ability of spinophilinPhosphatase 1PP1 regulatory subunitClass of proteinsAmino acids 447Cell cycle progressionPP1 activityPentapeptide motifRegulatory subunitCellular processesDeletion analysisDistinct subdomainsSubstrate specificityBinding domainsPhysiological substratesMutational analysisNeuronal proteinsProtein spinophilinCompetition binding assaysHigh-affinity binding domainsDARPP-32SpinophilinPostsynaptic densityBinding assaysProtein phosphatase 1 modulation of neostriatal AMPA channels: regulation by DARPP–32 and spinophilin
Yan Z, Hsieh–Wilson L, Feng J, Tomizawa K, Allen P, Fienberg A, Nairn A, Greengard P. Protein phosphatase 1 modulation of neostriatal AMPA channels: regulation by DARPP–32 and spinophilin. Nature Neuroscience 1999, 2: 13-17. PMID: 10195174, DOI: 10.1038/4516.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPP-1Protein phosphatase 1DARPP-32Distinct molecular mechanismsPhosphatase 1Molecular mechanismsAMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmissionPostsynaptic densityAMPA channelsRegulationSynaptic plasticitySpinophilinNeostriatal neuronsPlasticityPhysiological evidenceGlutamate channelsSynaptic transmissionAMPA receptorsPhosphoproteinProteinMechanismBindingActivityModulationCatalytic activity
1998
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II mediates simultaneous enhancement of gap-junctional conductance and glutamatergic transmission
Pereda A, Bell T, Chang B, Czernik A, Nairn A, Soderling T, Faber D. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II mediates simultaneous enhancement of gap-junctional conductance and glutamatergic transmission. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1998, 95: 13272-13277. PMID: 9789078, PMCID: PMC23780, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.22.13272.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBenzylaminesCalciumCalcium ChlorideCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesCell CommunicationDendritesEgtazic AcidElectric ConductivityElectric StimulationEnzyme ActivationEnzyme InhibitorsEvoked PotentialsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsGap JunctionsGlutamic AcidGoldfishMembrane PotentialsNeuronsSpinal CordSulfonamidesSynapsesSynaptic TransmissionVestibulocochlear NerveConceptsGlutamatergic synapsesGap junctional conductanceCaM-KIIGap junctionsLong-term potentiationGoldfish Mauthner cellIntradendritic Ca2Intradendritic injectionPostsynaptic increaseExcitatory transmissionGlutamatergic transmissionAuditory afferentsSynaptic responsesSynaptic activityDependent kinase inhibitorDependent kinase IIIntracellular Ca2Interneuronal communicationSpecific peptide inhibitorChemical synapsesKinase inhibitorsMauthner cellKN-93Mammalian glutamatergic synapsesSynapses