CD28 Down-Regulation on Circulating CD4 T-Cells Is Associated with Poor Prognoses of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Gilani SR, Vuga LJ, Lindell KO, Gibson KF, Xue J, Kaminski N, Valentine VG, Lindsay EK, George MP, Steele C, Duncan SR. CD28 Down-Regulation on Circulating CD4 T-Cells Is Associated with Poor Prognoses of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. PLOS ONE 2010, 5: e8959. PMID: 20126467, PMCID: PMC2813297, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008959.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosisCD4 T cellsPro-inflammatory cytokinesIPF patientsT cellsPulmonary fibrosisClinical eventsManifestations of IPFPeripheral blood CD4 T cellsCirculating CD4 T cellsMajor adverse clinical eventsBlood CD4 T cellsRegulatory T-cell marker FOXP3Proliferative T cell responsesAdaptive immune activationConfidence interval (CI) 1.6Cytotoxic mediators perforinOne-year freedomMajor adverse eventsAdverse clinical eventsT cell responsesAntigen-driven proliferationAntigen-induced proliferationCytokine multiplex assayClinical deterioration