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Using a new computational method based on a causal inference framework, CINEMA-OT, the Yale team studied how individual immune cells react to combinations of cytokines, or small proteins released by cells that regulate inflammation. They discovered that certain cytokines have a synergistic effect, inducing unique gene activation programs compared to their individual effects. This cryptography of cytokine signals acts as a language, instructing immune cells.

Several members of our faculty in the department of Pediatrics received awards for their distinguished service in teaching for the 2022-2023 academic year.

The researchers are looking for little known viruses in certain samples to try to identify new diseases before they become a threat. “COVID came as a surprise. All of the sudden, there was an outbreak, and people discovered that there was a new virus that could cause an illness,” Dr. Ellen Foxman, Yale School of Medicine immunologist, said. “What we want to do going forward is be able to get ahead of that.”

The ‘tripledemic’ unfolding this winter is one of several odd trends among respiratory virus infections these last years. Viruses, it turns out, can block one another and take turns to dominate.

A new Yale-led study finds that testing for a single immune system molecule on nasal swabs can help detect stealthy viruses not identified in standard tests.

A growing body of evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses often “interfere” with each other. Although waves of each virus may stress emergency rooms and intensive care units, the small clique of researchers who study these viral collisions say there is little chance the trio will peak together and collectively crash hospital systems the way COVID-19 did at the pandemic’s start.